Legacy of top-down herbivore pressure ricochets back up multiple trophic levels in forest canopies over 30 years

Ecosphere

Volumn 2, Issue 1, 2011, Pages

  Nuttle, Tim ^a   Yerger, Ellen H ^a   Stoleson, Scott H ^b   Ristau, Todd E ^b  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA   (United States)

^b USDA FOREST SERVICE   (United States)

Author keywords

Allegheny hardwood forest; Avian communities; Canopy foliage; Lepidoptera; Odocoileus virginianus; Pennsylvania; Trophic cascade; Trophic ricochet; Ungulate effects; White tailed deer

Indexed keywords

EID: 80053941897     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21508925     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1890/ES10-00108.1     Document Type: Article

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