Psychiatric comorbidity in gender dysphoric adolescents

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry and Allied Disciplines

Volumn 52, Issue 11, 2011, Pages 1195-1202

  De Vries, Annelou L C ^a   Doreleijers, Theo A H ^a   Steensma, Thomas D ^b   Cohen Kettenis, Peggy T ^b  

^a Departments of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry   (Netherlands)

^b VU UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

adolescents; cross sex hormones; gender dysphoria; Gender identity disorder; psychiatric comorbidity; puberty suppression

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMAN; MALE; MENTAL DISEASE; NETHERLANDS; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGICAL RATING SCALE; PSYCHOSEXUAL DISORDER; RISK; SEX RATIO;

ADOLESCENT; COMORBIDITY; FEMALE; GENDER IDENTITY; HUMANS; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; NETHERLANDS; ODDS RATIO; PREVALENCE; PSYCHIATRIC STATUS RATING SCALES; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SEXUAL DYSFUNCTIONS, PSYCHOLOGICAL;

EID: 80053910195     PISSN: 00219630     EISSN: 14697610     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2011.02426.x     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. Achenbach, T.M., (1991). Manual for the youth self-report. Burlington, VT: Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont.
2. Achenbach, T.M., &, Rescorla, L.A., (2001). Manual for the ASEBA school-age forms and profiles. Burlington, VT: University of Vermont, Research Centre for Children, Youth and Families.
3. American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, fourth edition, text revision (4th edn). Washington, DC: Author.
4. Clements-Nolle, K., Marx, R., &, Katz, M., (2006). Attempted suicide among transgender persons: The influence of gender-based discrimination and victimization. Journal of Homosexuality, 51, 53-69. (Pubitemid 44808097)
5. Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., Delemarre-van de Waal, H.A., &, Gooren, L.J., (2008). The treatment of adolescent transsexuals: Changing insights. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 5, 1892-1897.
6. Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., Owen, A., Kaijser, V.G., Bradley, S.J., &, Zucker, K.J., (2003). Demographic characteristics, social competence, and behavior problems in children with gender identity disorder: A cross-national, cross-clinic comparative analysis. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 31, 41-53. (Pubitemid 36578350)
7. Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., &, Pfäfflin, F., (2003). Transgenderism and intersexuality in childhood and adolescence (vol. 46). Thousand Oaks, London, New Delhi: Sage.
8. Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., &, van Goozen, S.H., (1997). Sex reassignment of adolescent transsexuals: A follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 36, 263-271. (Pubitemid 27049576)
9. Di Ceglie, D., Freedman, D., McPherson, S., &, Richardson, P., (2002). Children and adolescents referred to a specialist gender identity development service: Clinical features and demographic characteristics. International Journal of Transgenderism, 6),.
10. Drummond, K.D., Bradley, S.J., Peterson-Badali, M., &, Zucker, K.J., (2008). A follow-up study of girls with gender identity disorder. Developmental Psychology, 44, 34-45.
11. Ferdinand, R.F., &, van der Ende, J., (1998). Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children IV Parent-Version. Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Rotterdam.
12. Garland, A.F., Hough, R.L., McCabe, K.M., Yeh, M., Wood, P.A., &, Aarons, G.A., (2001). Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in youths across five sectors of care. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 409-418. (Pubitemid 32242524)
13. Grossman, A.H., &, D'Augelli, A.R., (2007). Transgender youth and life-threatening behaviors. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 37, 527-537. (Pubitemid 350106622)
14. Jensen, P.S., Rubio-Stipec, M., Canino, G., Bird, H.R., Dulcan, M.K., Schwab-Stone, M.E., &, Lahey, B.B., (1999). Parent and child contributions to diagnosis of mental disorder: Are both informants always necessary? Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38, 1569-1579.
15. Roberts, R.E., Roberts, C.R., &, Xing, Y., (2007). Rates of DSM-IV psychiatric disorders among adolescents in a large metropolitan area. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 41, 959-967. (Pubitemid 47259091)
16. Shaffer, D., Fisher, P., Lucas, C.P., Dulcan, M.K., &, Schwab-Stone, M.E., (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): Description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 39, 28-38. (Pubitemid 30029897)
17. Smith, Y.L., van Goozen, S.H., &, Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., (2001). Adolescents with gender identity disorder who were accepted or rejected for sex reassignment surgery: A prospective follow-up study. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 40, 472-481. (Pubitemid 32242532)
18. Verhulst, F.C., van der Ende, J., Ferdinand, R.F., &, Kasius, M.C., (1997). The prevalence of DSM-III-R diagnoses in a national sample of Dutch adolescents. Archives of General Psychiatry, 54, 329-336. (Pubitemid 27171918)
19. Verhulst, F.C., van der Ende, J., &, Koot, H.M., (1996). Handleiding voor de CBCL 4-18 (Manual for the Child Behavior Checklist and Revised Child Behavior Profile). Rotterdam, The Netherlands: Sophia Kinderziekenhuis/ Academisch Ziekenhuis Rotterdam/Erasmus Universiteit.
20. de Vries, A.L., Noens, I.L., Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., van Berckelaer-Onnes, I.A., &, Doreleijers, T.A., (2010a). Autism spectrum disorders in gender dysphoric children and adolescents. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 40, 930-936.
21. de Vries, A.L., Steensma, T.D., Doreleijers, T.A., &, Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., (2010b). Puberty suppression in adolescents with gender identity disorder: A prospective follow-up study. Journal of Sexual Medicine, doi:.
22. Wallien, M.S., &, Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., (2008). Psychosexual outcome of gender-dysphoric children. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47, 1413-1423.
23. Wallien, M.S., Swaab, H., &, Cohen-Kettenis, P.T., (2007). Psychiatric comorbidity among children with gender identity disorder. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 46, 1307-1314. (Pubitemid 47462189)
24. Wechsler, D., (1997). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Third Edition (WAIS-III), Dutch Version (3rd edn). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets and Zetlinger.
25. Wechsler, D., Kort, W., Compaan, E.L., Bleichrodt, N., Resing, W.C.M., &, Schittkatte, M., (2002). Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III) (3rd edn). Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets and Zettlinger.
26. Widmer, E.D., Treas, J., &, Newcomb, R., (1998). Attitudes toward nonmarital sex in 24 countries. Journal of Sex Research, 35, 349-358. (Pubitemid 28560109)
27. WISC-R Project group, (1986). WISC-R, Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Revised, Nederlandse uitgave. [Dutch version] Lisse, The Netherlands: Swets & Zeitlinger.
28. Wren, B., (2002). 'I can accept my child is transsexual but if I ever see him in a dress I'll hit him': Dilemmas in parenting a transgendered adolescent. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry. Special Issue: Sexual Identity and Gender Identity, 7, 377-397.
29. Zucker, K.J., &, Bradley, S., (1995). Gender identity disorder and psychosexual problems in children and adolescents. New York: Guilford.
30. Zucker, K.J., Bradley, S.J., Owen-Anderson, A., Kibblewhite, S.J., &, Cantor, J.M., (2008). Is gender identity disorder in adolescents coming out of the closet (Letter to the editor)? Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 34, 287-290. (Pubitemid 351896792)
31. Zucker, K.J., Bradley, S.J., Owen-Anderson, A., Singh, D., Blanchard, R., &, Bain, J., (2011). Puberty-blocking hormonal therapy for adolescents with gender identity disorder: A descriptive clinical study. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Mental Health, 15, 58-82.
32. Zucker, K.J., Owen, A., Bradley, S.J., &, Ameeriar, L., (2002). Gender-dysphoric children and adolescents: A comparative analysis of demographic characteristics and behavioral problems. Clinical Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 7, 398-411.