How much sorting is enough: Identifying economic and scrap-reuse benefits of sorting technologies

Journal of Industrial Ecology

Volumn 15, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 743-759

  Li, Preston ^a   Dahmus, Jeffrey ^a   Guldberg, Sigrid ^b   Riddervold, Hans Ole ^b   Kirchain, Randolph ^a  

^a USA   (United States)

^b STATOIL   (Norway)

Author keywords

Alloy; Aluminum; Industrial ecology; Material recycling; Metals; Optimization

Indexed keywords

ADDED VALUES; CASE ANALYSIS; COST SAVING; END-OF-LIFE PRODUCTS; FINISHED GOODS; INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY; MATERIAL RECYCLING; OPTIMIZATION MODELS; PRODUCTION CONDITION; PRODUCTION FLEXIBILITY; RECOVERY RATE; SCRAP SUPPLY; SECONDARY PRODUCTION; SORTING METHOD; TECHNOLOGY PERFORMANCE;

ALLOYS; ALUMINUM; ALUMINUM ALLOYS; CERIUM ALLOYS; EFFICIENCY; METALS; OPTIMIZATION; RECYCLING;

SCRAP METAL REPROCESSING;

ALLOY; ALUMINUM; CONSUMPTION BEHAVIOR; CORRELATION; COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS; ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE; HETEROGENEITY; INDUSTRIAL ECOLOGY; OPTIMIZATION; PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT; RECYCLING; SECONDARY PRODUCTION;

EID: 80053537126     PISSN: 10881980     EISSN: 15309290     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1530-9290.2011.00365.x     Document Type: Article

References (51)

1. Aylen, J. and K. Albertson. 2006. Markets in ferrous scrap for steelmaking. Ironmaking and Steelmaking 33(3): 203-212.
2. Bhattacharya, S., V. D. R. Guide Jr., and L. N. V. Wassenhove. 2006. Optimal order quantities with remanufacturing across new product generations. Production and Operations Management 15(3): 421-431.
3. Blomberg, J. and P. Soderholm. 2009. The economics of secondary aluminium supply: An econometric analysis based on European data. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 53: 455-463.
4. Castro, M. B., J. A. M. Remmerswaal, J. C. Brezet, A. van Schaik, and M. A. Reuter. 2005. A simulation model of the comminution-liberation of recycling streams: Relationships between product design and the liberation of materials during recycling. International Journal of Mineral Processing 75(3-4): 255-281.
5. Chong, E. K. P. and S. H. Zak. 2001. An introduction to optimization. 2nd ed. New York Wiley.
6. Dalmijn, W. L. and T. P. R. De Jong. 2007. The development of vehicle recycling in Europe: Sorting, shredding, and separation. Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 59(11): 52-56.
7. Dalmijn, W. L., M. A. Reuter, T. de Jong, and U. M. J. Boin. 2003. The optimization of the resource cycle impact of the combination of technology, legislation and economy. International Minerals Processing Congress 2003. Cape Town, SAIMM (South African Insititute of Mining and Metallurgy): 82-106.
8. Das, S. K. 2006. Emerging trends in aluminum recycling: Reasons and responses. Paper presented at the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society conference, San Antonio, TX, USA, 12-16 March.
9. DeGaspari, J. 1999. Making the most of aluminum scrap. Mechanical Engineering 121(11): 1-7.
10. Eisenhardt, K. M. 1989. Building theories from case study research. Academy of Management Review 14(4): 532-550.
11. Fleischmann, M., J. M. Bloemhof-Ruwaard, R. Dekker, E. van der Laan, J. A. E. E. van Nunen, and L. N. Van Wassenhove. 1997. Quantitative models for reverse logistics: A review. European Journal of Operational Research 103(1): 1-17.
12. Flyvbjerg, B. 2006. Five misunderstandings about case-study research. Qualitative Inquiry 12(2): 219-245.
13. Frosch, R. A. and N. E. Gallopoulos. 1989. Strategies for manufacturing. Scientific American 261(3): 144-152.
14. Frosch, R. A. 1997. Closing the loop on waste materials. In The industrial green game: Implications for environmental design and management, edited by D. J. Richards. Washington, DC, USA National Academy Press.
15. Galbreth, M. R. and J. D. Blackburn. 2006. Optimal acquisition and sorting policies for remanufacturing. Production and Operations Management 15(3): 384-392.
16. Geraldo, F. and D. C. Whybark. 2001. Material planning for a remanufacturing facility. Production and Operations Management 10(2): 112-124.
17. Gesing, A. 2004. Assuring the continued recycling of light metals in end-of-life vehicles: A global perspective. Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 56(8): 18-27.
18. Gesing, A., L. Berry, R. Salton, and R. Wolanski. 2002. Assuring continued recyclability of automotive aluminum alloys: Grouping of wrought alloys by color, X-ray absorption and chemical composition-based sorting. In TMS 2002 Annual Meeting: Automotive alloys and aluminum sheet and plate rolling and finishing technology symposia. Seattle, WA, USA Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.
19. GlobalScrap. 2009. Global scrap. Accessed 1 September 2009.
20. Goodman, J., P. Kelly, J. Day, and C. Carr. 2005. Aluminum beverage can recycling rate rising. Accessed 1 September 2009.
21. Gordon, R. B., M. Bertram, and T. E. Graedel. 2006. Metal stocks and sustainability. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, USA 103(5): 1209-1214.
22. Graedel, T. E., D. vanBeers, M. Bertram, K. Fuse, R. B. Gordon, A. Gritsinin, A. Kapur, et al. 2004. Multilevel cycle of anthropogenic copper. Environmental Science & Technology 38(4): 1242-1252.
23. Graedel, T. E., D. van Beers, M. Bertram, K. Fuse, R. B. Gordon, A. Gritsinin, E. M. Harper, et al. 2005. The multilevel cycle of anthropogenic zinc. Journal of Industrial Ecology 9(3): 67-90.
24. Guide, V. D. R., Jr. and L. N. V. Wassenhove. 2001. Managing product returns for remanufacturing. Production and Operations Management 10(2): 142-155.
25. Guide, V. D. R., Jr. and L. N. V. Wassenhove. 2002. Closed-loop supply chains. In Quantitative approaches to distribution logistics and supply chain management, edited by A. Klose et al. Berlin Springer-Verlag.
26. IAI (International Aluminium Institute). 2005. Sustainability update 2005. London IAI.
27. Johnson, M. R. and M. H. Wang. 1998. Economical evaluation of disassembly operations for recycling, remanufacturing and reuse. International Journal of Production Research 36(12): 3227-3252.
28. Krikke, H. R., A. van Harten, and P. C. Schuur. 1998. On a medium term product recovery and disposal strategy for durable assembly products. International Journal of Production Research 36(1): 111-139.
29. Lambert, A. J. D. 1997. Optimal disassembly of complex products. International Journal of Production Research 35(9): 2509-2523.
30. Lifset, R. and T. E. Graedel. 2002. Industrial ecology: Goals and definitions. In A Handbook of Industrial Ecology, edited by R. U. Ayres and L. Ayres. Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc.
31. LME (London Metal Exchange). 2009. Metals commodities pricing. Accessed 1 September 2009.
32. Lund, J. R., G. Tchobanoglous, R. P. Anex, and R. A. Lawver. 1994. Linear programming for analysis of material recovery facilities. Journal of Environmental Engineering 120(5): 1082-1094.
33. Maurice, D., J. A. Hawk, and W. D. Riley. 2000. Thermomechanical treatments for the separation of cast and wrought aluminum. Paper presented at the Fourth International Symposium on Recycling of Metals and Engineered Materials, Pittsburgh, PA, USA 22-25 October.
34. Mesina, M. B., T. P. R. de Jong, and W. L. Dalmijn. 2004. Developments in automatic sorting and quality control of scrap metals. In TMS 2004 annual meeting: Light metals 2004, edited by A. T. Tabereaux. Charlotte, NC Minerals, Metals and Materials Society.
35. Navin-Chandra, D. 1994. The recovery problem in product design. Journal of Engineering Design 5(1): 65-86.
36. Porter, R. C. 2002. The economics of waste. Washington, DC Resources for the Future.
37. RecycleNet. 2009. Recycling Xchange. Accessed 1 September 2009.
38. Reuter, M. and A. van Schaik. 2008. Thermodynamic metrics for measuring the "sustainability" of design for recycling. Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 60(8): 39-46.
39. Reuter, M., U. Boin, P. Rem, Y. Yang, N. Fraunholcz, and A. van Schaik. 2004. The optimization of recycling: Integrating the resource, technological, and life cycles. Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 56(8): 33-37.
40. Reuter, M. A., A. van Schaik, O. Ignatenko, and G. J. de Haan. 2006. Fundamental limits for the recycling of end-of-life vehicles. Minerals Engineering 19(5): 433-449.
41. Slade, M. E. 1980. An econometrix model of the US secondary copper industry: Recycling versus disposal. Journal of Environmental Economics and Management 7: 123-141.
42. Spencer, D. B. 2005. The high-speed identification and sorting of nonferrous scrap. Journal of the Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 57(4): 46-51.
43. Stuart, J. A. and L. Qin. 2000. A refine-or-sell decision model for a station with continuous reprocessing options in an electronics recycling center. IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing 23(4): 321-327.
44. Stuart, J. A. and Q. Lu. 2000. A Model for Discrete Processing Decisions for Bulk Recycling of Electronics Equipment. IEEE Transactions on Electronics Packaging Manufacturing 23(4): 314-320.
45. Stuart, J. A., J. C. Ammons, and L. J. Turbini. 1999. A product and process selection model with multidisciplinary environmental considerations. Operations Research 47(2): 221-234.
46. Van Schaik, A. and M. A. Reuter. 2004. The time-varying factors influencing the recycling rate of products. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 40(4): 301-328.
47. Van Schaik, A., M. A. Reuter, U. M. J. Boin, and W. L. Dalmijn. 2002. Dynamic modelling and optimisation of the resource cycle of passenger vehicles. Minerals Engineering 15(11): 1001-1016.
48. Van Schaik, A., M. A. Reuter, and K. Heiskanen. 2004. The influence of particle size reduction and liberation on the recycling rate of end-of-life vehicles. Minerals Engineering 17(2): 331-347.
49. Wernick, I. K. and N. J. Themelis. 1998. Recycling metals for the environment. Annual Review of Energy and the Environment 23: 465-497.
50. Xiao, Y. and M. A. Reuter. 2002. Recycling of distributed aluminium turning scrap. Minerals Engineering 15(11, Supplement 1): 963-970.
51. Zikopoulos, C. and G. Tagaras. 2008. On the attractiveness of sorting before disassembly in remanufacturing. IIE Transactions 40(3): 313-323.