Electron impact vibrational excitation of carbon monoxide in the upper atmospheres of Mars and Venus

Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics

Volumn 116, Issue 9, 2011, Pages

  Campbell, L ^a   Allan, M ^b   Brunger, M J ^a  

^a FLINDERS UNIVERSITY   (Australia)

^b UNIVERSITY OF FRIBOURG   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80053366348     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699402     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JA016848     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Ajello, J. M. (1971), Emission cross sections of CO by electron impact in the interval 1260-5000 A. I, J. Chem. Phys., 55, 3158-3168.
2. Allan, M. (1989), Study of triplet states and short-lived negative ions by means of electron impact spectroscopy, J. Electron. Spectrosc. Relat. Phenom., 48, 219-351.
3. Allan, M. (2010), Electron collisions with CO: Elastic and vibrational excitation cross sections, Phys. Rev. A, 81, 042706, doi:10.1103/PhysRevA. 81.042706.
4. Baines, K. H., P. Drossart, M. A. Lopez-Valverde, S. K. Atreya, C. Sotin, T. W. Momary, R. H. Brown, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, and P. D. Nicholson (2006), On the discovery of CO nighttime emissions on Titan by Cassini/VIMS: Derived stratospheric abundances and geological implications, Planet. Space Sci., 54, 1552-1562. (Pubitemid 44762203)
5. Beegle, L. W., J. M. Ajello, G. K. James, D. Dziczek, and M. Alvarez (1999), High resolution emission spectroscopy of the A 1P -X 1S+ fourth positive band system of CO excited by electron impact, Astron. Astrophys., 347, 375-390. (Pubitemid 129660528)
6. Billebaud, F., J. Crovisier, E. Lellouch, T. Encrenaz, and J. P. Maillard (1991), High-resolution infrared spectrum of CO on Mars: Evidence for emission lines, Planet. Space Sci., 39, 213-218.
7. Brooke, T. Y., G. S. Orton, D. Crisp, A. J. Friedson, and G. L. Bjoraker (1996), Near-infrared spectroscopy of the Shoemaker-Levy 9 impact sites with UKIRT: CO emission from the L site and additional 5-mm spectra, Icarus, 121, 422-430. (Pubitemid 126162182)
8. Brunger, M. J., S. J. Buckman, and M. T. Elford (2003), Integral cross sections for electron impact excitation of molecules, in Electron Collisions With Molecules: Scattering and Excitation, Landolt-Börnstein, vol. I/17C, edited by Y. Itikawa, pp. 6-517-6-518, Springer, New York.
9. Campbell, L., and M. J. Brunger (2008), Electron cooling by carbon monoxide in the atmospheres of Mars and Venus, PMC Phys. B, 1, 3, doi:10.1186/1754-0429-1-3.
10. Campbell, L., D. C. Cartwright, M. J. Brunger, and P. J. O. Teubner (2006), Role of electronic excited N2 in vibrational excitation of the N2 ground state at high latitudes, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A09317, doi:10.1029/ 2005JA011292.
11. Campbell, L., D. C. Cartwright, and M. J. Brunger (2007), Role of excited N2 in the production of nitric oxide, J. Geophys. Res., 112, A08303, doi:10.1029/2007JA012337.
12. Campbell, L., M. J. Brunger, and T. N. Rescigno (2008), Carbon dioxide electron cooling rates in the atmospheres of Mars and Venus, J. Geophys. Res., 113, E08008, doi:10.1029/2008JE003099.
13. Campbell, L., H. Kato, M. J. Brunger, and M. D. Bradshaw (2010), Electronimpact excitation heating rates in the atmosphere of Titan, J. Geophys. Res., 115, A09320, doi:10.1029/2010JA015482.
14. Cartwright, D. C., M. J. Brunger, L. Campbell, B. Mojarrabi, and P. J. O. Teubner (2000), Nitric oxide excited under auroral conditions: Excited state densities and band emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 105, 20,857-20,867, doi:10.1029/1999JA000333.
15. Choi, Y. W., J. Kim, K. W. Min, A. F. Nagy, and K. I. Oyama (1998), Effect of the magnetic field on the energetics of Mars ionosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 25, 2753-2756.
16. Crovisier, J., E. Lellouch, C. de Bergh, J.-P. Maillard, B. L. Lutz, and B. Bézard (2006), Carbon monoxide emissions at 4.7 mm from Venus' atmosphere, Planet. Space Sci., 54, 1398-1414. (Pubitemid 44691850)
17. Encrenaz, T., E. Lellouch, P. Drossart, H. Feuchtgruber, G. S. Orton, and S. K. Atreya (2004), First detection of CO in Uranus, Astron. Astrophys., 413, L5-L9.
18. Fletcher, L. N., P. Drossart, M. Burgdorf, G. S. Orton, and T. Encrenaz (2010), Neptune's atmospheric composition from AKARI infrared spectroscopy, Astron. Astrophys., 514, A17.
19. Furlong, J. M., and W. R. Newell (1996), Total cross section measurement for the metastable a 3P state in CO, J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys., 29, 331-338. (Pubitemid 126547809)
20. Gérard, J.-C., B. Huber, V. I. Shematovich, D. V. Bisikalo, and G. R. Gladstone (2008), The Venus ultraviolet oxygen dayglow and aurora: Model comparison with observations, Planet. Space Sci., 56, 542-552.
21. Gibson, J. C., L. A. Morgan, R. J. Gulley, M. J. Brunger, C. T. Bundschu, and S. J. Buckman (1996), Low energy electron scattering from CO: Absolute cross section measurements and R-matrix calculations, J. Phys. B At. Mol. Opt. Phys, 29, 3197-3214. (Pubitemid 126556365)
22. Gilli, G., M. A. López-Valverde, B. Funke, M. López- Puertas, P. Drossart, G. Piccioni, and V. Formisano (2011), Non-LTE CO limb emission 4.7 mm in the upper atmosphere of Venus, Mars and Earth: Observations and modeling, Planet. Space Sci., 59, 1010-1018, doi:10.1016/j. pss.2010.07.023.
23. González-Galindo, F., M. A. López-Valverde, M. Angelats i Coll, and F. Forget (2005), Extension of a Martian general circulation model to thermospheric altitudes: UV heating and photochemical models, J. Geophys. Res., 110, E09008, doi:10.1029/2004JE002312. (Pubitemid 41569007)
24. Gronoff, G., J. Lilensten, C. Simon, M. Barthélemy, F. Leblanc, and O. Dutuit (2008), Modelling the Venusian airglow, Astron. Astrophys., 482, 1015-1029. (Pubitemid 351574171)
25. Kasprzak, W. T., H. B. Niemann, A. E. Hedin, S. W. Bougher, and D. M. Hunten (1993), Neutral composition measurements by the Pioneer Venus neutral mass spectrometer during orbiter re-entry, Geophys. Res. Lett., 20, 2747-2750.
26. Kato, H., H. Kawahara, M. Hoshino, H. Tanaka, M. J. Brunger, and Y.-K. Kim (2007), Cross sections for electron impact excitation of the vibrationally resolved A 1P electronic state of carbon monoxide, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 064307.
27. Lawrence, G. M. (1971), Quenching and radiation rates of CO (a 3P), Chem. Phys. Lett., 9, 575-577.
28. Leblanc, F., O. Witasse, J. Winningham, D. Brain, J. Lilensten, P.-L. Blelly, R. A. Frahm, J. S. Halekas, and J. L. Bertaux (2006), Origins of the Martian aurora observed by spectroscopy for investigation of characteristics of the atmosphere of Mars (SPICAM) on board Mars Express, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A09313, doi:10.1029/2006JA011763.
29. Blelly, R. A. Frahm, J. S. Halekas, and J. L. Bertaux (2006), Origins of the Martian aurora observed by spectroscopy for investigation of characteristics of the atmosphere of Mars (SPICAM) on board Mars Express, J. Geophys. Res., 111, A09313, doi:10.1029/2006JA011763.
30. Lillis, R. J., M. O. Fillingim, L. M. Peticolas, D. A. Brain, R. P. Lin, and S. W. Bougher (2009), Nightside ionosphere of Mars: Modeling the effects of crustal magnetic fields and electron pitch angle distributions on electron impact ionization, J. Geophys. Res., 114, E11009, doi:10.1029/2009JE003379.
31. López-Valverde, M. A., and M. López-Puertas (1994), A non-local thermodynamic equilibrium radiative transfer model for infrared emissions in the atmosphere of Mars: 1. Theoretical basis and nighttime populations, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 13,093-13,115.
32. Morrison, M. A., and A. E. Greene (1978), Electron cooling by excitation of carbon dioxide, J Geophys Res, 83, 1172-1174.
33. Nagy, A. F., and T. E. Cravens (2002), Solar system ionospheres, in Atmospheres in the Solar System: Comparative Aeronomy, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 130, edited by M. Mendillo, A. Nagy, and J. H. Waite, pp. 39-52
34. AGU, Washington, D. C. Nier, A. O., and M. B. McElroy (1977), Composition and structure of Mars' upper atmosphere: Results from the neutral mass spectrometers on Viking 1 and 2, J. Geophys. Res., 82, 4341-4349.
35. 2, Ann Geophys., 16, 176-182.
36. Poparic, G. B., D. S. Belic, and M. D. Vicic (2006), Resonant vibrational excitation of CO by low-energy electrons, Phys. Rev. A, 73, 062713
37. Shematovich, V. I., D. V. Bisikalo, J.-C. Gérard, C. Cox, S. W. Bougher, and F. Leblanc (2008), Monte Carlo model of electron transport for the calculation of Mars dayglow emissions, J. Geophys. Res., 113, E02011, doi:10.1029/2007JE002938.
38. Slanger, T. G., T. E. Cravens, J. Crovisier, S. Miller, and D. F. Strobel (2008), Photoemission phenomena in the solar system, Space Sci. Rev., 139, 267-310, doi:10.1007/s11214-008-9387-3.
39. Spenner, K., W. C. Knudsen, and W. Lotze (1996), Suprathermal electron fluxes in the Venus nightside ionosphere at moderate and high solar activity, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 4557-4563. (Pubitemid 126678328)
40. 2-CO mixtures from 164 to 406°K, J. Chem. Phys., 63, 4730-4734.