메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 116, Issue 9, 2011, Pages

Pore water sulfate, alkalinity, and carbon isotope profiles in shallow sediment above marine gas hydrate systems: A numerical modeling perspective

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALKALINITY; CALCIUM CARBONATE; CARBON ISOTOPE; DISSOLVED INORGANIC CARBON; GAS HYDRATE; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITION; MARINE SEDIMENT; ONE-DIMENSIONAL MODELING; POREWATER; SEDIMENT CHEMISTRY; SULFATE;

EID: 80053000498     PISSN: 21699313     EISSN: 21699356     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2011JB008290     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (94)

References (89)
  • 1
    • 56349131667 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methane seeps on an Early Jurassic dysoxic seafloor
    • doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.01.033
    • Allison, P. A., S. P. Hesslebo, and C. E. Brett (2008), Methane seeps on an Early Jurassic dysoxic seafloor, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 270, 230-238, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2008.01.033.
    • (2008) Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. , vol.270 , pp. 230-238
    • Allison, P.A.1    Hesslebo, S.P.2    Brett, C.E.3
  • 2
    • 73949093715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean methane hydrates as a slow tipping point in the global carbon cycle
    • doi:10.1073/pnas.0800885105
    • Archer, D., B. A. Buffett, and V. Brovkin (2009), Ocean methane hydrates as a slow tipping point in the global carbon cycle, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 106(49), 20,596-20,601, doi:10.1073/pnas.0800885105.
    • (2009) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. , vol.106 , Issue.49 , pp. 20596-20601
    • Archer, D.1    Buffett, B.A.2    Brovkin, V.3
  • 4
    • 35948952754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Generalization of gas hydrate distribution and saturation in marine sediments by scaling of thermodynamic and transport processes
    • DOI 10.2475/06.2007.01
    • Bhatnagar, G., W. G. Chapman, G. R. Dickens, B. Dugan, and G. J. Hirasaki (2007), Generalization of gas hydrate distribution and saturation in marine sediments by scaling of thermodynamic and transport processes, Am. J. Sci., 307, 861-900, doi:10.2475/06.2007.01. (Pubitemid 350065479)
    • (2007) American Journal of Science , vol.307 , Issue.6 , pp. 861-900
    • Bhatnagar, G.1    Chapman, W.G.2    Dickens, G.R.3    Dugan, B.4    Hirasaki, G.J.5
  • 5
    • 41849143024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfate-methane transition as a proxy for average methane hydrate saturation in marine sediments
    • DOI 10.1029/2007GL032500
    • Bhatnagar, G., W. G. Chapman, G. R. Dickens, B. Dugan, and G. J. Hirasaki (2008), Sulfate-methane transition as a proxy for average methane hydrate saturation in marine sediments, Geophys. Res. Lett., 35, L03611, doi:10.1029/2007GL032500. (Pubitemid 351492928)
    • (2008) Geophysical Research Letters , vol.35 , Issue.3
    • Bhatnagar, G.1    Chapman, W.G.2    Dickens, G.R.3    Dugan, B.4    Hirasaki, G.J.5
  • 6
    • 79952275072 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analytical theory relating the depth of the sulfate-methane transition to gas hydrate distribution and saturation
    • doi:10.1029/2010GC003397
    • Bhatnagar, G., S. Chatterjee, W. G. Chapman, B. Dugan, G. R. Dickens, and G. J. Hirasaki (2011), Analytical theory relating the depth of the sulfate-methane transition to gas hydrate distribution and saturation, Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst., 12, Q03003, doi:10.1029/2010GC003397.
    • (2011) Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. , vol.12
    • Bhatnagar, G.1    Chatterjee, S.2    Chapman, W.G.3    Dugan, B.4    Dickens, G.R.5    Hirasaki, G.J.6
  • 7
    • 84874957950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Authigenic carbonates from the Cascadia subduction zone and their relation to gas hydrate stability
    • Bohrmann, G., J. Greinert, E. Suess, and M. E. Torres (1998), Authigenic carbonates from the Cascadia subduction zone and their relation to gas hydrate stability, Geology, 26, 647-650, doi:10.1130/0091-7613(1998) 026<0647:ACFTCS>2.3.CO;2. (Pubitemid 28534386)
    • (1998) Geology , vol.26 , Issue.7 , pp. 647-650
    • Bohrmann, G.1    Greinert, J.2    Suess, E.3    Torres, M.4
  • 8
    • 0031333220 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The gas hydrate detection problem: Recognition of shallow-subbottom gas hazards in deep-water areas, OTC-8297
    • Houston, Tex
    • Borowski, W. S., and C. K. Paull (1997), The gas hydrate detection problem: Recognition of shallow-subbottom gas hazards in deep-water areas, OTC-8297, in Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference, vol. 1, pp. 211-216, Houston, Tex.
    • (1997) Proceedings of the Offshore Technology Conference , vol.1 , pp. 211-216
    • Borowski, W.S.1    Paull, C.K.2
  • 9
    • 0030199433 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine pore-water sulfate profiles indicate in situ methane flux from underlying gas hydrate
    • Borowski, W. S., C. K. Paull, and W. Ussler III (1996), Marine pore-water sulfate profiles indicate in situ methane flux from underlying gas hydrate, Geology, 24(7), 655-658.
    • (1996) Geology , vol.24 , Issue.7 , pp. 655-658
    • Borowski, W.S.1    Paull, C.K.2    Ussler III, W.3
  • 10
    • 0032773799 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global and local variations of interstitial sulfate gradients in deep-water, continental margin sediments: Sensitivity to underlying methane and gas hydrates
    • DOI 10.1016/S0025-3227(99)00004-3, PII S0025322799000043
    • Borowski, W. S., C. K. Paull, and W. Ussler III (1999), Global and local variations of interstitial sulfate gradients in deep-water, continental margin sediments: Sensitivity to underlying methane and gas hydrates, Mar. Geol., 159, 131-154, doi:10.1016/S0025-3227(99)00004-3. (Pubitemid 29337431)
    • (1999) Marine Geology , vol.159 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 131-154
    • Borowski, W.S.1    Paull, C.K.2    Ussler III, W.3
  • 12
    • 0024257815 scopus 로고
    • Authigenic carbonates in sediments from the Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/0012-821X(88)90083-0
    • Botz, R., E. Faber, M. J. Whiticar, and J. M. Brooks (1988), Authigenic carbonates in sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 88, 263-272, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(88)90083-0.
    • (1988) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.88 , pp. 263-272
    • Botz, R.1    Faber, E.2    Whiticar, M.J.3    Brooks, J.M.4
  • 13
    • 0021283205 scopus 로고
    • The dependence of bacterial sulfate reduction on sulfate concentration in marine sediments
    • doi:10.1016/0016-7037(84)90301-6
    • Boudreau, B. P., and J. T. Westrich (1984), The dependence of bacterial sulfate reduction on sulfate concentration in marine sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 48, 2503-2516, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(84)90301-6.
    • (1984) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.48 , pp. 2503-2516
    • Boudreau, B.P.1    Westrich, J.T.2
  • 14
    • 0031195227 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrate melting in soil around hot conductor
    • DOI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(1997)123:7(645)
    • Briaud, J. L., and A. Chaouch (1997), Hydrate melting in soil around hot conductor, J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng., 123, 645-653, doi:10.1061/(ASCE)1090- 0241(1997)123:7(645). (Pubitemid 27399142)
    • (1997) Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering , vol.123 , Issue.7 , pp. 645-653
    • Briaud, J.-L.1    Chaouch, A.2
  • 15
    • 7044224580 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global inventory of methane clathrate: Sensitivity to changes in the deep ocean
    • DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.005, PII S0012821X04005321
    • Buffett, B. A., and D. Archer (2004), Global inventory of methane clathrate: Sensitivity to changes in the deep ocean, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 227, 185-199, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.09.005. (Pubitemid 39428177)
    • (2004) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.227 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 185-199
    • Buffett, B.1    Archer, D.2
  • 16
    • 33644845566 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hydrocarbon seep and hydrothermal vent paleoenvironments and paleontology: Past developments and future research directions
    • DOI 10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.06.018, PII S003101820500369X
    • Campbell, K. A. (2006), Hydrocarbon seep and hydrothermal vent paleoenvironments and paleontology: Past developments and future research directions, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol., 232, 362-407, doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.06.018. (Pubitemid 43363440)
    • (2006) Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , vol.232 , Issue.2-4 , pp. 362-407
    • Campbell, K.A.1
  • 17
    • 31344481712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barium cycling in shallow sediment above active mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Mexico
    • DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2005.08.008, PII S0009254105003189
    • Castellini, D. G., G. R. Dickens, G. T. Snyder, and C. D. Ruppel (2006), Barium recycling in shallow sediment above active mud volcanoes in the Gulf of Mexico, Chem. Geol., 226, 1-30, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo. 2005.08.008. (Pubitemid 43141614)
    • (2006) Chemical Geology , vol.226 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 1-30
    • Castellini, D.G.1    Dickens, G.R.2    Snyder, G.T.3    Ruppel, C.D.4
  • 18
    • 84941937671 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Microbial methane generation and gas transport in shallow sediments of an accretionary complex, southern Hydrate Ridge (ODP Leg 204) offshore Oregon, USA
    • doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.204.113.2006
    • Claypool, G. E., A. V. Milkov, Y. J. Lee, M. E. Torres, W. S. Borowski, and H. Tomaru (2006), Microbial methane generation and gas transport in shallow sediments of an accretionary complex, southern Hydrate Ridge (ODP Leg 204), offshore Oregon, USA, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 204, 1-52, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.204.113.2006.
    • (2006) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results , vol.204 , pp. 1-52
    • Claypool, G.E.1    Milkov, A.V.2    Lee, Y.J.3    Torres, M.E.4    Borowski, W.S.5    Tomaru, H.6
  • 20
    • 17644421480 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantification of methanogenic pathways using stable carbon isotopic signatures: A review and a proposal
    • DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.09.006, Stable Isotope Applications in Methane Cycle Studies
    • Conrad, R. (2005), Quantification of methanogenic pathways using stable carbon isotopic signatures: A review and a proposal, Org. Geochem., 36, 739-752, doi:10.1016/j.orggeochem.2004.09.006. (Pubitemid 40561003)
    • (2005) Organic Geochemistry , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 739-752
    • Conrad, R.1
  • 21
    • 53349168110 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fracture-controlled gas hydrate systems in the northern Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.013
    • Cook, A. E., D. Goldberg, and R. L. Kleinberg (2008), Fracture-controlled gas hydrate systems in the northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 932-941, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.013.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 932-941
    • Cook, A.E.1    Goldberg, D.2    Kleinberg, R.L.3
  • 23
    • 77958505063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Origin and evolution of fracture-hosted methane hydrate deposits
    • doi:10.1029/2010JB007492
    • Daigle, H., and B. Dugan (2010), Origin and evolution of fracture-hosted methane hydrate deposits, J. Geophys. Res., 115, B11103, doi:10.1029/ 2010JB007492.
    • (2010) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.115
    • Daigle, H.1    Dugan, B.2
  • 24
    • 0035090713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A numerical model for the formation of gas hydrate below the seafloor
    • doi:10.1029/2000JB900363
    • Davie, M. K., and B. A. Buffett (2001), A numerical model for the formation of gas hydrate below the seafloor, J. Geophys. Res., 106, 497-514, doi:10.1029/2000JB900363.
    • (2001) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.106 , pp. 497-514
    • Davie, M.K.1    Buffett, B.A.2
  • 25
    • 0037472731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sources of methane for marine gas hydrate: Inferences from a comparison of observations and numerical models
    • DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01064-6, PII S0012821X02010646
    • Davie, M. K., and B. A. Buffett (2003a), Sources of methane for marine gas hydrate: Inferences from a comparison of observations and numerical models, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 206, 51-63, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(02)01064-6. (Pubitemid 36137958)
    • (2003) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.206 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 51-63
    • Davie, M.K.1    Buffett, B.A.2
  • 26
    • 1442291154 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A steady state model for marine hydrate formation: Constraints on methane supply from pore water sulfate profiles
    • doi:10.1029/2002JB002300
    • Davie, M. K., and B. A. Buffett (2003b), A steady state model for marine hydrate formation: Constraints on methane supply from pore water sulfate profiles, J. Geophys. Res., 108(B10), 2495, doi:10.1029/2002JB002300.
    • (2003) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.108 , Issue.B10 , pp. 2495
    • Davie, M.K.1    Buffett, B.A.2
  • 27
    • 0034756743 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The potential volume of oceanic methane hydrates with variable external conditions
    • DOI 10.1016/S0146-6380(01)00086-9, PII S0146638001000869
    • Dickens, G. R. (2001a), The potential volume of oceanic methane hydrates with variable external conditions, Org. Geochem., 32, 1179-1193, doi:10.1016/S0146-6380(01)00086-9. (Pubitemid 32984074)
    • (2001) Organic Geochemistry , vol.32 , Issue.10 , pp. 1179-1193
    • Dickens, G.R.1
  • 28
    • 0035051186 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sulfate profiles and barium fronts in sediment on the Blake Ridge: Present and past methane fluxes through a large as hydrate reservoir
    • DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(00)00556-1
    • Dickens, G. R. (2001b), Sulfate profiles and barium fronts in sediment on the Blake Ridge: Present and past methane fluxes through a large gas hydrate reservoir, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 65, 529-543, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(00) 00556-1. (Pubitemid 32324993)
    • (2001) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.65 , Issue.4 , pp. 529-543
    • Dickens, G.R.1
  • 29
    • 0041320939 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Rethinking the global carbon cycle with a large, dynamic and microbially mediated gas hydrate capacitor
    • DOI 10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00325-X
    • Dickens, G. R. (2003), Rethinking the global carbon cycle with a large, dynamic and microbially mediated gas hydrate capacitor, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 213, 169-183, doi:10.1016/S0012-821X(03)00325-X. (Pubitemid 37061263)
    • (2003) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.213 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 169-183
    • Dickens, G.R.1
  • 31
    • 0030621309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direct measurement of in situ methane quantities in a large gas-hydrate reservoir
    • DOI 10.1038/385426a0
    • Dickens, G. R., C. K. Paull, and P. Wallace, and the ODP Leg 164 Shipboard Scientific Party (1997), Direct measurement of in situ methane quantities in a large gas hydrate reservoir, Nature, 385, 426-428, doi:10.1038/385426a0. (Pubitemid 27065925)
    • (1997) Nature , vol.385 , Issue.6615 , pp. 426-428
    • Dickens, G.R.1    Paull, C.K.2    Wallace, P.3
  • 32
    • 53349166407 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid flow in the Keathley Canyon 151 mini-basin, northern Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/j. marpetgeo.2007.12.005
    • Dugan, B. (2008), Fluid flow in the Keathley Canyon 151 mini-basin, northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 919-923, doi:10.1016/j. marpetgeo.2007.12.005.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 919-923
    • Dugan, B.1
  • 33
    • 0007856605 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic and pore water halogen constraints on gas hydrate distribution at ODP Site 997 (Blake Ridge)
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00152-1, PII S0009254198001521
    • Egeberg, P. K., and G. R. Dickens (1999), Thermodynamic and pore water halogen constraints on gas hydrate distribution at ODP Site 997(Blake Ridge), Chem. Geol., 153, 53-79, doi:10.1016/S0009-2541(98)00152-1. (Pubitemid 29303321)
    • (1999) Chemical Geology , vol.153 , Issue.1-4 , pp. 53-79
    • Egeberg, P.K.1    Dickens, G.R.2
  • 34
    • 2142811058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Quantifying carbon sources in the formation of authigenic carbonates at gas hydrate sites in the Gulf of Mexico
    • DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.021, PII S0009254104000063
    • Formolo, M. J., T. W. Lyons, C. Zhang, C. Kelley, R. Sassen, J. Horita, and D. R. Cole (2004), Quantifying carbon sources in the formation of authigenic carbonates at gas hydrate sites in the Gulf of Mexico, Chem. Geol., 205, 253-264, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.021. (Pubitemid 38549686)
    • (2004) Chemical Geology , vol.205 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 253-264
    • Formolo, M.J.1    Lyons, T.W.2    Zhang, C.3    Kelley, C.4    Sassen, R.5    Horita, J.6    Cole, D.R.7
  • 35
    • 0041988875 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A reassessment of the sources and importance of land-derived organic matter in surface sediments from the Gulf of Mexico
    • DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00217-8, PII S0016703798002178
    • Goñi, M. A., K. C. Ruttenberg, and T. I. Eglington (1998), A reassessment of the sources and importance of land-derived organic matter in surface sediments from the Gulf of Mexico, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 62, 3055-3075, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(98)00217-8. (Pubitemid 29178427)
    • (1998) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.62 , Issue.18 , pp. 3055-3075
    • Goni, M.A.1    Ruttenberg, K.C.2    Eglinton, T.I.3
  • 36
    • 85040245578 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methane-venting and gas hydrate-related carbonates at the hydrate ridge: Their classification, distribution and origin
    • Edited by C. K. Paull and W. P. Dillon, AGU, Washington, D. C
    • Greinert, J., G. Bohrmann, and E. Suess (2001), Methane-venting and gas hydrate-related carbonates at the hydrate ridge: Their classification, distribution and origin, in Natural Gas Hydrates: Occurrence, Distribution, and Detection, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 124, edited by C. K. Paull and W. P. Dillon, pp. 99-113, AGU, Washington, D. C.
    • (2001) Natural Gas Hydrates: Occurrence, Distribution, and Detection Geophys. Monogr. Ser. , vol.124 , pp. 99-113
    • Greinert, J.1    Bohrmann, G.2    Suess, E.3
  • 37
    • 61349094636 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical constraints for the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate in an area of high methane flux, eastern margin of the Japan Sea
    • doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.01.015
    • Hiruta, A., G. T. Snyder, H. Tomaru, and R.Matsumoto (2009), Geochemical constraints for the formation and dissociation of gas hydrate in an area of high methane flux, eastern margin of the Japan Sea, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 279, 326-339, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.01.015.
    • (2009) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.279 , pp. 326-339
    • Hiruta, A.1    Snyder, G.T.2    Tomaru, H.3    Matsumoto, R.4
  • 38
    • 0027470537 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion coefficients of sulfate and methane in marine sediments: Influence of porosity
    • DOI 10.1016/0016-7037(93)90368-7
    • Iversen, N., and B. B. Jørgensen (1993), Diffusion coefficients of sulfate and methane in marine sediments: Influence of porosity, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 57, 571-578, doi:10.1016/0016-7037(93)90368-7. (Pubitemid 23380136)
    • (1993) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.57 , Issue.3 , pp. 571-578
    • Iversen, N.1    Jorgensen, B.B.2
  • 39
    • 67650346938 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine pore fluid profiles of dissolved sulfate: Do they reflect in situ methane fluxes
    • Kastner, M., M. E. Torres, E. Solomon, and A. J. Spivack (2008a), Marine pore fluid profiles of dissolved sulfate: Do they reflect in situ methane fluxes?, Fire in the Ice, Summer, 6-8.
    • (2008) Fire in the Ice, Summer , pp. 6-8
    • Kastner, M.1    Torres, M.E.2    Solomon, E.3    Spivack, A.J.4
  • 40
    • 53349168083 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical constraints on the origin of the pore fluids and gas hydrate distribution at Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.022
    • Kastner, M., G. Claypool, and G. Robertson (2008b), Geochemical constraints on the origin of the pore fluids and gas hydrate distribution at Atwater Valley and Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 860-872, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.022.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 860-872
    • Kastner, M.1    Claypool, G.2    Robertson, G.3
  • 41
    • 0000257045 scopus 로고
    • Geochemistry of metal-rich brines from central Mississippi Salt Dome basin, USA
    • doi:10.1016/0883-2927(87)90008-4
    • Kharaka, Y. K., A. S. Maest, W. W. Carothers, L. M. Law, and P. J. Lamothe (1987), Geochemistry of metal-rich brines from central Mississippi Salt Dome basin, USA, Appl. Geochem., 2, 543-561, doi:10.1016/0883-2927(87)90008-4.
    • (1987) Appl. Geochem. , vol.2 , pp. 543-561
    • Kharaka, Y.K.1    Maest, A.S.2    Carothers, W.W.3    Law, L.M.4    Lamothe, P.J.5
  • 42
    • 33847066691 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical characterization of the organic matter, pore water constituents and shallow methane gas in the eastern part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea)
    • doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.2007.00560.x
    • Kim, J. H., M. H. Park, U. Tsunogai, T. J. Cheong, B. J. Ryu, Y. J. Lee, H. C. Han, J. H. Oh, and H. W. Chang (2007), Geochemical characterization of the organic matter, pore water constituents and shallow methane gas in the eastern part of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea), Isl. Arc, 16, 93-104, doi:10.1111/j.1440-1738.2007.00560.x.
    • (2007) Isl. Arc , vol.16 , pp. 93-104
    • Kim, J.H.1    Park, M.H.2    Tsunogai, U.3    Cheong, T.J.4    Ryu, B.J.5    Lee, Y.J.6    Han, H.C.7    Oh, J.H.8    Chang, H.W.9
  • 43
    • 78751579247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and isotopic signatures in sediments and gas hydrate of the central/southwestern Ulleung Basin: High alkalinity escape fuelled by biogenically sourced methane
    • doi:10.1007/s00367-010-0214-y
    • Kim, J. H., M. H. Park, J. H. Chun, and Y. J. Lee (2011), Molecular and isotopic signatures in sediments and gas hydrate of the central/southwestern Ulleung Basin: High alkalinity escape fuelled by biogenically sourced methane, Geo Mar. Lett., 31, 37-49, doi:10.1007/s00367-010-0214-y.
    • (2011) Geo Mar. Lett. , vol.31 , pp. 37-49
    • Kim, J.H.1    Park, M.H.2    Chun, J.H.3    Lee, Y.J.4
  • 44
    • 16344373080 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global distribution of methane hydrate in ocean sediment
    • DOI 10.1021/ef049798o
    • Klauda, J. B., and S. I. Sandler (2005), Global distribution of methane hydrate in ocean sediment, Energy Fuels, 19, 459-470, doi:10.1021/ef049798o. (Pubitemid 40466805)
    • (2005) Energy and Fuels , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 459-470
    • Klauda, J.B.1    Sandler, S.I.2
  • 45
    • 0027808041 scopus 로고
    • Gas hydrates - geological perspective and global change
    • DOI 10.1029/93RG00268
    • Kvenvolden, K. A. (1993), Gas hydrates: Geological perspective and global change, Rev. Geophys., 31, 173-187, doi:10.1029/93RG00268. (Pubitemid 24394383)
    • (1993) Reviews of Geophysics , vol.31 , Issue.2 , pp. 173-187
    • Kvenvolden, K.A.1
  • 46
    • 0029415407 scopus 로고
    • A review of the geochemistry of methane in natural gas hydrate
    • Kvenvolden, K. A. (1995), A review of the geochemistry of methane in natural gas hydrate, Org. Geochem., 23, 997-1008, doi:10.1016/0146-6380(96) 00002-2. (Pubitemid 26471919)
    • (1995) Organic Geochemistry , vol.23 , Issue.11-12 , pp. 997-1008
    • Kvenvolden, K.A.1
  • 47
    • 77958554347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Destabilization of marine gas hydrate-bearing sediments induced by a hot wellbore: A numerical approach
    • doi:10.1021/ef100596x
    • Kwon, T. H., K. I. Song, and G. C. Cho (2010), Destabilization of marine gas hydrate-bearing sediments induced by a hot wellbore: A numerical approach, Energy Fuels, 24, 5493-5507, doi:10.1021/ef100596x.
    • (2010) Energy Fuels , vol.24 , pp. 5493-5507
    • Kwon, T.H.1    Song, K.I.2    Cho, G.C.3
  • 48
    • 67849110030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas hydrate and free gas saturations estimated from velocity logs on Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon, U.S.A
    • doi:10.2973/odp. proc.sr.204.103.2006
    • Lee, M. W., and T. S. Collett (2006), Gas hydrate and free gas saturations estimated from velocity logs on Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon, U.S.A., Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 204, 1-25, doi:10.2973/odp. proc.sr.204.103.2006.
    • (2006) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results , vol.204 , pp. 1-25
    • Lee, M.W.1    Collett, T.S.2
  • 49
    • 53349147998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Integrated analysis of well logs and seismic data to estimate gas hydrate concentrations at Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/j. marpetgeo.2007.09.002
    • Lee, M. W., and T. S. Collett (2008), Integrated analysis of well logs and seismic data to estimate gas hydrate concentrations at Keathley Canyon, northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 924-931, doi:10.1016/j. marpetgeo.2007.09.002.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 924-931
    • Lee, M.W.1    Collett, T.S.2
  • 50
    • 49549157667 scopus 로고
    • Diffusion of ions in sea water and in deepsea sediments
    • doi:10.1016/0016-7037(74)90145-8
    • Li, Y., and S. Gregory (1974), Diffusion of ions in sea water and in deepsea sediments, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 38, 703-714, doi:10.1016/0016- 7037(74)90145-8.
    • (1974) Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta , vol.38 , pp. 703-714
    • Li, Y.1    Gregory, S.2
  • 51
    • 34548553452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dynamic multiphase flow model of hydrate formation in marine sediments
    • DOI 10.1029/2005JB004227
    • Liu, X. L., and P. B. Flemings (2007), Dynamic multiphase flow model of hydrate formation in marine sediments, J. Geophys. Res., 112, B03101, doi:10.1029/2005JB004227. (Pubitemid 47386325)
    • (2007) Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth , vol.112 , Issue.3
    • Liu, X.1    Flemings, P.B.2
  • 52
    • 53349113727 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Natural gas geochemistry of sediments drilled on the Gulf of Mexico JIP cruise
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.017
    • Lorenson, T. D., G. E. Claypool, and J. A. Dougherty (2008), Natural gas geochemistry of sediments drilled on the Gulf of Mexico JIP cruise, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 873-883, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.017.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 873-883
    • Lorenson, T.D.1    Claypool, G.E.2    Dougherty, J.A.3
  • 53
    • 0035798242 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oscillations in Phanerozoic seawater chemistry: Evidence from fluid Inclusions
    • DOI 10.1126/science.1064280
    • Lowenstein, T. K., M. N. Timofeeff, S. T. Brennan, L. A. Hardie, and R. M. Demicco (2001), Oscillations in Phanerozoic seawater chemistry: Evidence from fluid inclusions, Science, 294, 1086-1088, doi:10.1126/science.1064280. (Pubitemid 33041860)
    • (2001) Science , vol.294 , Issue.5544 , pp. 1086-1088
    • Lowenstein, T.K.1    Timofeeff, M.N.2    Brennan, S.T.3    Hardie, L.A.4    Demicco, R.V.5
  • 54
    • 0142218783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Fluid flow, methane fluxes, carbonate precipitation and biogeochemical turnover in gas hydrate-bearing sediments at Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin: Numerical modeling and mass balances
    • DOI 10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00127-3
    • Luff, R., and K. Wallman (2003), Fluid flow, methane fluxes, carbonate precipitation and biogeochemical turnover in gas hydrate-bearing sediments at Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin: Numerical modeling and mass balances, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 67, 3403-3421, doi:10.1016/S0016-7037(03)00127-3. (Pubitemid 37312357)
    • (2003) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.67 , Issue.18 , pp. 3403-3421
    • Luff, R.1    Wallmann, K.2
  • 56
    • 77950527784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Marine gas hydrates in thin sand layers that soak up microbial methane
    • doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.008
    • Malinverno, A. (2010), Marine gas hydrates in thin sand layers that soak up microbial methane, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 292, 399-408, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2010.02.008.
    • (2010) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.292 , pp. 399-408
    • Malinverno, A.1
  • 57
    • 55949116935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas hydrate occurrence from pore water chlorinity and downhole logs in a transect across the northern Cascadia margin (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311)
    • doi:10.1029/2008JB005702
    • Malinverno, A., M. Kastner, M. E. Torres, and U. G. Wortmann (2008), Gas hydrate occurrence from pore water chlorinity and downhole logs in a transect across the northern Cascadia margin (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 311), J. Geophys. Res., 113, B08103, doi:10.1029/2008JB005702.
    • (2008) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.113
    • Malinverno, A.1    Kastner, M.2    Torres, M.E.3    Wortmann, U.G.4
  • 58
    • 3242715247 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Global estimates of hydrate-bound gas in marine sediments: How much is really out there?
    • DOI 10.1016/j.earscirev.2003.11.002, PII S0012825203001296
    • Milkov, A. V. (2004), Global estimates of hydrate-bound gas in marine sediments: How much is really out there?, Earth Sci. Rev., 66, 183-197, doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2003.11.002. (Pubitemid 38964599)
    • (2004) Earth-Science Reviews , vol.66 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 183-197
    • Milkov, A.V.1
  • 59
    • 17644391089 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular and stable isotope compositions of natural gas hydrates: A revised global dataset and basic interpretations in the context of geological settings
    • DOI 10.1016/j.orggeochem.2005.01.010, Stable Isotope Applications in Methane Cycle Studies
    • Milkov, A. V. (2005), Molecular and stable isotope compositions of natural gas hydrates: A revised global dataset and basic interpretations in the context of geological settings, Org. Geochem., 36, 681-702, doi:10.1016/j. orggeochem.2005.01.010. (Pubitemid 40560999)
    • (2005) Organic Geochemistry , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 681-702
    • Milkov, A.V.1
  • 60
    • 84874988323 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • In situ methane concentrations at Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon: New constraints on the global gas hydrate inventory from an active margin
    • Milkov, A. V., G. E. Claypool, Y. J. Lee, W. Xu, G. R. Dickens, and W. S. Borowski, and the ODP Leg 204 Scientific Party (2003), In situ methane concentrations at Hydrate Ridge, offshore Oregon: New constraints on the global gas hydrate inventory from an active margin, Geology, 31, 833-836, doi:10.1130/G19689.1. (Pubitemid 37388360)
    • (2003) Geology , vol.31 , Issue.10 , pp. 833-836
    • Milkov, A.V.1    Claypool, G.E.2    Lee, Y.-J.3    Xu, W.4    Dickens, G.R.5    Borowski, W.S.6
  • 61
    • 2942659579 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Co-existence of gas hydrate, free gas, and brine within the regional gas hydrate stability zone at Hydrate Ridge (Oregon margin): Evidence from prolonged degassing of a pressurized core
    • DOI 10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.028, PII S0012821X04002122
    • Milkov, A. V., G. R. Dickens, G. E. Claypool, Y. J. Lee, W. S. Borowski, M. E. Torres, W. Xu, H. Tomaru, A. M. Tréhu, and P. Schultheiss (2004), Co-existence of gas hydrate, free gas, and brine within the regional gas hydrate stability zone at Hydrate Ridge (Oregon margin): Evidence from prolonged degassing of a pressurized core, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 222, 829-843, doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2004.03.028. (Pubitemid 38783393)
    • (2004) Earth and Planetary Science Letters , vol.222 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 829-843
    • Milkov, A.V.1    Dickens, G.R.2    Claypool, G.E.3    Lee, Y.-J.4    Borowski, W.S.5    Torres, M.E.6    Xu, W.7    Tomaru, H.8    Trehu, A.M.9    Schultheiss, P.10
  • 62
    • 14044269384 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gas hydrate systems at Hydrate Ridge offshore Oregon inferred from molecular and isotopic properties of hydrate-bound and void gases
    • DOI 10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.021, PII S0016703704006489
    • Milkov, A. V., G. E. Claypool, Y. J. Lee, and R. Sassen (2005), Gas hydrate systems at Hydrate Ridge offshore Oregon inferred from molecular and isotopic properties of gas hydrate-bound and void gases, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 69, 1007-1026, doi:10.1016/j.gca.2004.08.021. (Pubitemid 40280664)
    • (2005) Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 1007-1026
    • Milkov, A.V.1    Claypool, G.E.2    Lee, Y.-J.3    Sassen, R.4
  • 67
    • 29544442116 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Geochemical constraints on the distribution of gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1007/s00367-005-0001-3
    • Paull, C. K., W. Ussler III, T. Lorenson, W. Winters, and J. Dougherty (2005), Geochemical constraints on the distribution of gas hydrates in the Gulf of Mexico, Geo Mar. Lett., 25, 273-280, doi:10.1007/s00367-005-0001-3.
    • (2005) Geo Mar. Lett. , vol.25 , pp. 273-280
    • Paull, C.K.1    Ussler III, W.2    Lorenson, T.3    Winters, W.4    Dougherty, J.5
  • 68
    • 2142806825 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Carbon cycling at ancient methane-seeps
    • DOI 10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.025, PII S0009254104000154
    • Peckmann, J., and V. Thiel (2004), Carbon cycling at ancient methaneseeps, Chem. Geol., 205, 443-467, doi:10.1016/j.chemgeo.2003.12.025. (Pubitemid 38549694)
    • (2004) Chemical Geology , vol.205 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 443-467
    • Peckmann, J.1    Thiel, V.2
  • 69
    • 53349162991 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Assessing sulfate reduction and methane cycling in a high salinity pore water system in the northern Gulf of Mexico
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.016
    • Pohlman, J., C. Ruppel, D. R. Hutchinson, R. Downer, and R. B. Coffin (2008), Assessing sulfate reduction and methane cycling in a high salinity pore water system in the northern Gulf of Mexico, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 942-951, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.016.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 942-951
    • Pohlman, J.1    Ruppel, C.2    Hutchinson, D.R.3    Downer, R.4    Coffin, R.B.5
  • 70
    • 70350228369 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Methane sources and production in the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system
    • doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2009.08.037
    • Pohlman, J., M. Kaneko, V. B. Heuer, R. B. Coffin, and M. Whiticar (2009), Methane sources and production in the northern Cascadia margin gas hydrate system, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 287, 504-512, doi:10.1016/j. epsl.2009.08.037.
    • (2009) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.287 , pp. 504-512
    • Pohlman, J.1    Kaneko, M.2    Heuer, V.B.3    Coffin, R.B.4    Whiticar, M.5
  • 71
    • 0346979764 scopus 로고
    • Methane consumption in Cariaco trench waters and sediments
    • doi:10.1016/0012-821X(76)90195-3
    • Reeburgh, W. S. (1976), Methane consumption in Cariaco trench waters and sediments, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 28, 337-344, doi:10.1016/0012-821X(76) 90195-3.
    • (1976) Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. , vol.28 , pp. 337-344
    • Reeburgh, W.S.1
  • 72
    • 0030773681 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Formation and accumulation of gas hydrate in porous media
    • doi:10.1029/97JB00392
    • Rempel, A. W., and B. A. Buffett (1997), Formation and accumulation of gas hydrate in porous media, J. Geophys. Res., 102, 10,151-10,164, doi:10.1029/97JB00392.
    • (1997) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.102 , pp. 10151-10164
    • Rempel, A.W.1    Buffett, B.A.2
  • 73
    • 0033998863 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Zonation of authigenic carbonates within gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary sections on the Blake Ridge: Offshore southeastern North America
    • Rodriguez, N. M., C. K. Paull, and W. S. Borowski (2000), Zonation of authigenic carbonates within gas hydrate-bearing sedimentary sections on the Blake Ridge: Offshore southeastern North America, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 164, 301-312, doi:10.2973/odp.proc. sr.164.227.2000. (Pubitemid 30222258)
    • (2000) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program: Scientific Results , vol.164 , pp. 301-312
    • Rodriguez, N.M.1    Paull, C.K.2    Borowski, W.S.3
  • 74
    • 53349166326 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scientific results from Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrates Joint Industry Project Leg 1 Drilling: Introduction and overview
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.02.007
    • Ruppel, C., R. Boswell, and E. Jones (2008), Scientific results from Gulf of Mexico Gas Hydrates Joint Industry Project Leg 1 Drilling: Introduction and overview, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 819-829, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo. 2008.02.007.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 819-829
    • Ruppel, C.1    Boswell, R.2    Jones, E.3
  • 75
    • 2942605373 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sites 997
    • Shipboard Scientific Party doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.164.110.1996
    • Shipboard Scientific Party (1996), Sites 997, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep., 164, 277-334, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.164.110.1996.
    • (1996) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep. , vol.164 , pp. 277-334
  • 76
    • 1842437877 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site 1230
    • Shipboard Scientific Party doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.201.111.2003
    • Shipboard Scientific Party (2003a), Site 1230, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep., 201, 1-107, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.201.111.2003.
    • (2003) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep. , vol.201 , pp. 1-107
  • 77
    • 4143115168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Site 1244
    • Shipboard Scientific Party doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.103.2003
    • Shipboard Scientific Party (2003b), Site 1244, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep., 204, 1-132, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.103.2003.
    • (2003) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Initial Rep. , vol.204 , pp. 1-132
  • 80
    • 77954004198 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data report: Clues about carbon cycling in methane-bearing sediments using stable isotopes of the dissolved inorganic carbon, IODP Expedition 311
    • doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.311.206.2009
    • Torres, M. E., and M. Kastner (2009), Data report: Clues about carbon cycling in methane-bearing sediments using stable isotopes of the dissolved inorganic carbon, IODP Expedition 311, Proc. Integrated Ocean Drill. Program, 311, doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.311.206.2009.
    • (2009) Proc. Integrated Ocean Drill. Program , vol.311
    • Torres, M.E.1    Kastner, M.2
  • 81
    • 67849121524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Data report: Isotopic characterization of dissolved inorganic carbon in pore waters, Leg 204
    • doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.204.117.2006
    • Torres, M. E., and W. D. Rugh (2006), Data report: Isotopic characterization of dissolved inorganic carbon in pore waters, Leg 204, Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results, 204, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.sr.204.117.2006.
    • (2006) Proc. Ocean Drill. Program, Sci. Results , vol.204
    • Torres, M.E.1    Rugh, W.D.2
  • 82
    • 33845725960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ocean Drill. Program, College Station, Tex doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204. 2003
    • Tréhu, A. M., et al. (2003), Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program, Initial Reports, vol. 204, Ocean Drill. Program, College Station, Tex, doi:10.2973/odp.proc.ir.204.2003.
    • (2003) Proceedings of the Ocean Drilling Program Initial Reports , vol.204
    • Tréhu, A.M.1
  • 84
    • 0034548842 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New perspectives on anaerobic methane oxidation
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1462-2920.2000.00135.x
    • Valentine, D. L., and W. S. Reeburgh (2000), New perspectives on anaerobic methane oxidation, Environ. Microbiol., 2, 477-484, doi:10.1046/j.1462-2920.2000.00135.x. (Pubitemid 33136686)
    • (2000) Environmental Microbiology , vol.2 , Issue.5 , pp. 477-484
    • Valentine, D.L.1    Reeburgh, W.S.2
  • 85
  • 86
    • 53349163363 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program
    • doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2008.01.018
    • Winters, W. J., B. Dugan, and T. S. Collett (2008), Physical properties of sediments from Keathley Canyon and Atwater Valley, JIP Gulf of Mexico gas hydrate drilling program, Mar. Pet. Geol., 25, 896-905, doi:10.1016/j.marpetgeo. 2008.01.018.
    • (2008) Mar. Pet. Geol. , vol.25 , pp. 896-905
    • Winters, W.J.1    Dugan, B.2    Collett, T.S.3
  • 87
    • 0033541121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predicting the occurrence, distribution, and evolution of methane gas hydrate in porous marine sediments
    • Xu, W., and C. Ruppel (1999), Predicting the occurrence, distribution, and evolution of methane gas hydrate in porous marine sediments, J. Geophys. Res., 104, 5081-5095, doi:10.1029/1998JB900092. (Pubitemid 29294532)
    • (1999) Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth , vol.104 , Issue.3 , pp. 5081-5095
    • Xu, W.1    Ruppel, C.2
  • 88
    • 33750983931 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of gas hydrate-bearing sediment from Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin
    • DOI 10.1007/s11430-006-0872-9
    • Yu, X., J. Li, J. Gong, J. Chen, X. Jin, L. Young-Lee, H. Li, and J. Xu (2006), Stable carbon and nitrogen isotopic composition of gas hydrate-bearing sediment from Hydrate Ridge, Cascadia Margin, Sci. China Ser. D: Earth Sci., 49, 872-880. (Pubitemid 44740791)
    • (2006) Science in China, Series D: Earth Sciences , vol.49 , Issue.8 , pp. 872-880
    • Yu, X.1    Li, J.2    Gong, J.3    Chen, J.4    Jin, X.5    Lee, Y.-J.6    Li, H.7    Xu, J.8
  • 89
    • 0000551837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Thermodynamic conditions for the stability of gas hydrate in the seafloor
    • doi:10.1029/98JB02137
    • Zatsepina, O. Y., and B. A. Buffett (1998), Thermodynamic conditions for the stability of gas hydrate in the seafloor, J. Geophys. Res., 103, 24,127-24,139, doi:10.1029/98JB02137.
    • (1998) J. Geophys. Res. , vol.103 , pp. 24127-24139
    • Zatsepina, O.Y.1    Buffett, B.A.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.