Synthesis and characterization of Na2Ti6O 13 whiskers and their transformation to (1-x) Na0.5Bi 0.5TiO3-xBaTiO3 ceramics

Journal of the American Ceramic Society

Volumn 94, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 2857-2871

  Maurya, Deepam ^a   Murayama, M ^b   Priya, Shashank ^a  

^a Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University   (United States)

^b VIRGINIA POLYTECHNIC INSTITUTE AND STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFM; BASE MATRIX; CONCENTRIC GROWTH; EDS ANALYSIS; GRAIN SURFACE; GROWTH DIRECTIONS; LEAD-FREE; MATRIX; MOLTEN SALT SYNTHESIS METHOD; PEROVSKITE PHASE; PIEZOELECTRIC CONSTANT; PROCESSING TEMPERATURE; SINTERING PROCESS; SINTERING TEMPERATURES; TAPE CASTING; TEXTURE EVOLUTIONS; THREE STAGES; TIO; TOPOCHEMICAL REACTION; XRD;

BARIUM COMPOUNDS; CERAMIC MATERIALS; FUSED SALTS; LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS; PEROVSKITE; PROCESSING; SINTERING; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; SYNTHESIS (CHEMICAL);

GRAIN GROWTH;

EID: 80052998899     PISSN: 00027820     EISSN: 15512916     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2011.04444.x     Document Type: Article

References (66)

1. B. Jaffe, W. R. Cook, and, H. Jaffe, Piezoelectric Ceramics. Academic, New York, 1971.
2. J. W. Waanders, Piezoelectric Ceramics-Properties and Applications. Philips Components, Eindhoven, 1991.
3. G. H. Haertling, " Ferroelectric Ceramics: History and Technology," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82, 797-818 (1999).
4. 3 for Lead Free Piezoelectric Ceramics," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 30, 2236-9 (1991).
5. 3 Piezoelectric Ceramics," Mater. Chem. Phys., 98, 5-8 (2006).
6. 3 Spherical Particles Under Low Alkaline Solution Concentration," J. Alloys Comp., 484, 801-5 (2009).
7. 3 Nanocrystalline Powders by Stearic Acid Gel Method," Mater. Chem. Phys., 90, 282-5 (2005). (Pubitemid 40178223)
8. 3 System Compositions," Mater. Lett., 59, 2437-41 (2005). (Pubitemid 40821796)
9. 3 Ceramics," Mater. Lett., 58, 1701-5 (2004).
10. J. Qi, L. Sun, P. Du, and, L. Li, " Slurry Synthesis of Bismuth Sodium Titanate with a Transient Aurivillius-Type Structure," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 93, 1044-8 (2010).
11. E. Aksel, and, J. L. Jones, " Phase Formation of Sodium Bismuth Titanate Perovskite During Solid State Processing," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 93, 3012-6 (2010).
12. A. Loachim, M. I. Toacsan, M. G. Banciu, L. Nedelcu, H. Alexandru, C. Berbecaru, D. Ghetu, and, G. Stoica, " BNT Ceramics Synthesis and Characterization," Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 109, 183-7 (2004).
13. 3 Ceramics," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 80, 2954-8 (1997), IEEE. (Pubitemid 127617735)
14. 3-Based Ceramics," Mater. Sci. Eng. B, 99, 449-52 (2003).
15. 3 Ferroelectric Ceramics," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 21, 1299-302 (2001). (Pubitemid 32763845)
16. 3 at <1000°C," Mater. Lett., 61, 2986-9 (2007).
17. 3 Ceramics," Ceram. Int., 34, 769-72 (2008). (Pubitemid 351601927)
18. G. L. Messing, S. Trolier-McKinstry, E. M. Sabolsky, C. Duran, S. Kwon, B. Brahmaroutu, P. Park, H. Yilmaz, P. W. Rehrig, K. B. Eitel, E. Suvaci, M. Seabaugh, and, K. S. Oh, " Templated Grain Growth of Textured Piezoelectric Ceramics," Crit. Rev. Solid State Mater. Sci., 29 [2] 45-96 (2004).
19. Y. Saito, H. Takao, T. Tani, T. Nonoyama, K. Takatori, T. Homma, T. Nagaya, and, M. Nakamura, " Lead-Free Piezoceramics," Nature, 84-7 (2004). (Pubitemid 39496798)
20. 3) Ceramics-I Processing," J. Electroceram., 11, 207-15 (2003).
21. 3 Ceramics by Reactive Template Grain Growth," J. Electroceram., 21, 246-50 (2008).
22. 3 Prepared by Reactive-Templated Grain Growth Process," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 27, 3633-36 (2007). (Pubitemid 47010314)
23. T. Tani, and, T. Kimura, " Reactive-Templated Grain Growth Processing for Lead Free Piezoelectric Ceramics," Adv. Appl. Ceram., 105, 55-63 (2006). (Pubitemid 44110249)
24. 3 Ceramics Textured by Reactive-Templated Grain Growth Method," J. Jpn. Soc. Powder Metall., 49, 198-202 (2002). (Pubitemid 34690435)
25. 3) Ceramics-II Processing," J. Electroceram., 11, 217-26 (2003).
26. 3 Particles," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 92, 1607-9 (2009).
27. Z. L. Wang, and, Z. C. Kang, Functional and Smart Materials. Plenum Press, New York, 1998, 93pp.
28. F. K. Lotgering, " Topotactical Reactions with Ferrimagnetic Oxides Having Hexagonal Crystal Structures-I," J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 9, 113-23 (1959).
29. 13 and the Alkali Metal Titanates," Acta Cryst., 15, 194-201 (1962).
30. L. Liu, and, H. Fan, " Influence of Sintering Temperature on Electrical Properties of Bismuth Sodium Titanate Based Piezoelectric Ceramics," J. Electroceram., 16, 293-6 (2006). (Pubitemid 44673883)
31. S. B. Vakhrushev, B. G. Ivanitskii, B. E. Kvyatkovskii, A. N. Maistrenko, R. S. Malysheva, N. M. Okuneva, and, N. N. Parfenova, " Neutron-Diffraction Study of Sodium-Bismuth Titanate," Fiz. Tverd. Tela (Leningrad), 25, 2613-6 (1983).
32. B. D. Cullity, Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, 2nd edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company Inc., Philippines, 1978.
33. M.-K. Kang, D.-Y. Kim, and, N. M. Hwang, " Ostwald Ripening Kinetics of Angular Grains Dispersed in a Liquid Phase by Two-Dimensional Nucleation and Abnormal Grain Growth," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., 22, 603-12 (2002). (Pubitemid 34213028)
34. M. N. Rahaman, Ceramic Processing. Taylor & Fransis Group, Florida, USA, 2007.
35. S.-M. Lee, and, S.-J. L. Kang, " Theoretical Analysis of Liquid-Phase Sintering: Pore Filling Theory," Acta Mater., 46 [9] 3191-202 (1998).
36. 3," J. Mater. Sci., 34, 3057-61 (1999).
37. S. J. P. Longworth, K. M. Knowles, and, R. E. Dunin-Borkowski, " The Measurement and Interpretation of Electrostatic Potential Profiles Across Grain Boundaries in Strontium Titanate," J. Phys.: Conf. Ser., 26, 235-38 (2006). (Pubitemid 43300894)
38. K. K. Soni, J. M. Chabala, R. Magilevsky, R. Levi-Setti, K. Zhang, W. S. Wolbach, and, S. R. Bryan, " Imaging and Microanalysis of Ceramic Materials with a Scanning Ion Microprobe," Surf. Interf. Anal., 21, 117-22 (1994).
39. 20," J. Solid State Chem., 74, 151-63 (1983).
40. 20: A Hollandite Related Compound," J. Solid State Chem., 49, 59-64 (1983).
41. 15," Mater. Res. Bull., 2, 1041-4 (1967).
42. E. C. Subbarao, " A Family of Ferroelectric Bismuth Compound," J. Phys. Chem. Solids, 2, 665-76 (1962).
43. B. Aurivillius, " Mixed Oxides with Layer Lattices: III. Structure of BaBi4Ti4O15," Arkiv Kemi., 2, 519-27 (1950).
44. R. Trivedi, " Theory of Capillarity "; pp. 135-63 in Lectures on the Theory of Phase Transformations, 2nd edition, Edited by, Hubert I. Aaroson,. A Publication of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society, Warrendale, PA, 1999.
45. J. M. Howe, Interfaces in Materials, pp. 83-6. Wiley, New York, 1997.
46. D. P. Woodruff, The Solid-Liquid Interface, pp. 3-5. Cambridge University Press, London, U.K., 1973.
47. 3 Single Crystals by Modified Bridgman Method," J. Cryst. Growth, 244, 318-26 (2002).
48. 3 [PMNT] Single Crystals," J. Cryst. Growth, 209, 81-90 (2000). (Pubitemid 30527037)
49. 3 Single Crystals by a Modified Bridgman Method," J. Cryst. Growth, 244, 318-26 (2002).
50. 3 Single Crystals from (111) Substrates by Seeded Polycrystal Conversion," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 82, 2958-62 (1999). (Pubitemid 30519385)
51. 3 from Polycrystalline Precursors," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 81, 244-8 (1998). (Pubitemid 128575214)
52. 3 Single Crystals Grown by Seeded Polycrystal Conversion," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 86, 2182-7 (2003).
53. 3 Single Crystals Shown by Morphology of Crystalline Grains in Ceramics," J. Cryst. Growth, 284, 275-80 (2005). (Pubitemid 41336775)
54. X. Y. Liu, E. S. Boek, W. J. Briels, and, P. Bennema, " Prediction of Crystal Growth Morphology Based on Structural Analysis of the Solid-Fluid Interface," Nature, 374, 342-5 (2005).
55. J. P. van der Eerden, " Crystal Growth Mechanism "; pp. 3111-475 in Hand-Book of Crystal Growth Fundamentals Part A: Thermodynamics and Kinetics, Edited by, D. T. J. Hurle,. North Holland, Amsterdam, 1993.
56. J. W. Martin, and, R. D. Doherty, Stability of Microstructure in Metallic Systems, pp. 210-2. Cambridge University Press, London, 1976.
57. 3 Prepared by the Reactive-Templated Grains Growth Process," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 91, 3889-95 (2008).
58. M. Upmanyu, D. J. Srolovitz, A. E. Lobkovsky, J. A. Warren, and, W. C. Carter, " Simultaneous Grain Boundary Migration and Grain Rotation," Acta Mater., 54, 1707-19 (2006).
59. L. Zhou, and, H. Y. Sohn, " Microstructural Changes in Several Titaniferous Materials During Chlorination Reaction," Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 35, 954-62 (1996). (Pubitemid 126469050)
60. J.-K. Liou, M.-H. Lin, and, H.-Y. Lu, " Crystallographic Faceting in Sintered Titanate," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 85 [12] 2931-7 (2002).
61. 3 System," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., 91 [10] 3191-6 (2008).
62. M. Demartin, and, D. Damjanovic, " Dependence of Direct Piezoelectric Effect in Coarse and and Fine Grain Barium Titanate Ceramics on Dynamic and Static Pressure," Appl. Phys. Lett., 68, 3046-8 (1996). (Pubitemid 126684207)
63. 3," Acta Crsytallogr. Sect. B: Struct. Sci., 58, 168-78 (2002). (Pubitemid 135686816)
64. G.A Samara, and, E. L. Venturini, " Ferroelectric/Relaxor Crossover in Compositionally Disordered Perovskites," Phase Trans., 79, 21-40 (2006). (Pubitemid 43245753)
65. L. E. Cross, " Relaxor Ferroelectrics," Ferroelectrics, 76, 241-67 (1987).
66. N. Balke, T. Granzow, and, J. Rodel, " Current-Voltage Characteristics for Lead Zirconate Titanate Bulk Ceramics," J. Appl. Phys., 104, 054120-5 (2008).