메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 34, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 341-351

Facial asymmetry: Etiology, evaluation, and management

Author keywords

Evaluation; Facial asymmetry; Surgical treatment

Indexed keywords

ASIAN; BONE DEVELOPMENT; CAUCASIAN; CLEFT LIP PALATE; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; CRANIOFACIAL MALFORMATION; CRANIOFACIAL SYNOSTOSIS; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DISEASE CLASSIFICATION; ETHNICITY; FACE ASYMMETRY; FACE MALFORMATION; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; HEMIFACIAL ATROPHY; HEMIFACIAL MICROSOMIA; HUMAN; HYPERPLASIA; NEUROFIBROMATOSIS; ORTHODONTICS; ORTHOGNATHIC SURGERY; OSTEOTOMY; PATHOGENESIS; PHYSICAL EXAMINATION; PLAGIOCEPHALY; REVIEW; STEREOPHOTOGRAMMETRY; SURGICAL TECHNIQUE; TEMPOROMANDIBULAR ANKYLOSIS; TOOTH OCCLUSION; TOOTH PROSTHESIS; TORTICOLLIS; VASCULAR DISEASE;

EID: 80052685109     PISSN: 20720939     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (214)

References (50)
  • 2
    • 0015175382 scopus 로고
    • Stereophotogrammetric measurement of normal facial asymmetry in children
    • Burke PH. Stereophotogrammetric measurement of normal facial asymmetry in children. Hum Biol 1971;4:536.
    • (1971) Hum Biol , vol.4 , pp. 536
    • Burke, P.H.1
  • 3
    • 0029245101 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part I. The biology of asymmetry
    • Cohen MM Jr. Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part I. The biology of asymmetry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;24:2-7.
    • (1995) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.24 , pp. 2-7
    • Cohen Jr., M.M.1
  • 4
    • 43449108305 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Asymmetry of the face in orthodontic patients
    • Haraguchi S, Iguchi Y, Takada K. Asymmetry of the face in orthodontic patients. Angle Orthod 2008;78:421-6.
    • (2008) Angle Orthod , vol.78 , pp. 421-426
    • Haraguchi, S.1    Iguchi, Y.2    Takada, K.3
  • 5
    • 0031299445 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of facial asymmetry in the dentofacial deformities population at the University of North Carolina
    • Severt TR, Proffit WR. The prevalence of facial asymmetry in the dentofacial deformities population at the University of North Carolina. Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg 1997;12:171-6.
    • (1997) Int J Adult Orthodon Orthognath Surg , vol.12 , pp. 171-176
    • Severt, T.R.1    Proffit, W.R.2
  • 6
    • 31144451324 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soft and hard tissue changes after bimaxillary surgery in Chinese class III patients
    • Chew MT. Soft and hard tissue changes after bimaxillary surgery in Chinese class III patients. Angle Orthod 2005;75:959-63.
    • (2005) Angle Orthod , vol.75 , pp. 959-963
    • Chew, M.T.1
  • 7
    • 33748553026 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Spectrum and management of dentofacial deformities in a multiethnic Asian population
    • Chew MT. Spectrum and management of dentofacial deformities in a multiethnic Asian population. Angle Orthod 2006;76:806-9.
    • (2006) Angle Orthod , vol.76 , pp. 806-809
    • Chew, M.T.1
  • 8
    • 0007176590 scopus 로고
    • Diagnosis and management of facial asymmetry
    • In: Peterson LJ, Indressano AT, Marciani RD, Roser SM, eds., Philadelphia: Lippincot
    • Hegtvedt AK. Diagnosis and management of facial asymmetry. In: Peterson LJ, Indressano AT, Marciani RD, Roser SM, eds. Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Vol 3. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1993:1400-14.
    • (1993) Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , vol.3 , pp. 1400-1414
    • Hegtvedt, A.K.1
  • 9
    • 0029286108 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part III. Common and/or well known causes of asymmetry
    • Cohen MM Jr. Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part III. Common and/or well known causes of asymmetry. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;24:127-33.
    • (1995) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.24 , pp. 127-133
    • Cohen Jr., M.M.1
  • 10
    • 0030685717 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A simple classification for surgical planning of maxillomandibular asymmetry
    • Reyneke JP, Tsakiris P, Kienle F. A simple classification for surgical planning of maxillomandibular asymmetry. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1997;35:349-51.
    • (1997) Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.35 , pp. 349-351
    • Reyneke, J.P.1    Tsakiris, P.2    Kienle, F.3
  • 11
    • 73549114882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differential diagnosis of the idiopathic laterally deviated mandible
    • Kawamoto HK, Kim SS, Jarrahy R, Bradley JP. Differential diagnosis of the idiopathic laterally deviated mandible. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009:124:1600-9.
    • (2009) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.124 , pp. 1600-1609
    • Kawamoto, H.K.1    Kim, S.S.2    Jarrahy, R.3    Bradley, J.P.4
  • 12
    • 0030071923 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Plagiocephaly: Differential diagnosis based on endocranial morphology
    • Lo LJ, Marsh JL, Pilgram TK, Vannier MW. Plagiocephaly: differential diagnosis based on endocranial morphology. Plast Reconstr Surg 1996;97:282-91.
    • (1996) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.97 , pp. 282-291
    • Lo, L.J.1    Marsh, J.L.2    Pilgram, T.K.3    Vannier, M.W.4
  • 14
    • 0029825894 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mandibular dysmorphology in unicoronal synostosis and plagiocephaly without synostosis
    • Kane AA, Lo LJ, Vannier MW, Marsh JL. Mandibular dysmorphology in unicoronal synostosis and plagiocephaly without synostosis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 1996;33:418-23.
    • (1996) Cleft Palate Craniofac J , vol.33 , pp. 418-423
    • Kane, A.A.1    Lo, L.J.2    Vannier, M.W.3    Marsh, J.L.4
  • 15
    • 1242309481 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Craniofacial deformity in patients with uncorrected congenital muscular torticollis: An assessment from 3-dimensional CT imaging
    • Yu CC, Wong FH, Lo LJ, Chen YR. Craniofacial deformity in patients with uncorrected congenital muscular torticollis: an assessment from 3-dimensional CT imaging. Plast Reconstr Surg 2004;113:24-33.
    • (2004) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.113 , pp. 24-33
    • Yu, C.C.1    Wong, F.H.2    Lo, L.J.3    Chen, Y.R.4
  • 18
    • 0017896306 scopus 로고
    • An assessment of asymmetry in the normal craniofacial complex
    • Shah SM, Joshi MR. An assessment of asymmetry in the normal craniofacial complex. Angle Orthod 1978;48:141-8.
    • (1978) Angle Orthod , vol.48 , pp. 141-148
    • Shah, S.M.1    Joshi, M.R.2
  • 19
    • 0036484397 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Facial asymmetry in subjects with class III deformity
    • Haraguchi S, Takada K, Yasuda Y. Facial asymmetry in subjects with class III deformity. Angle Orthod 2002;72:28-35.
    • (2002) Angle Orthod , vol.72 , pp. 28-35
    • Haraguchi, S.1    Takada, K.2    Yasuda, Y.3
  • 20
    • 67649201600 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unilateral cheiloplasty
    • SJ Mathes, ed, 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier
    • Noordhoff MS, Chen PKT. Unilateral cheiloplasty. In: SJ Mathes, ed. Plastic Surgery. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Saunders Elsevier, 2006;4:165-215.
    • (2006) Plastic Surgery , vol.4 , pp. 165-215
    • Noordhoff, M.S.1    Chen, P.K.T.2
  • 21
    • 0036190635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of conservative condylectomy for treatment of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle
    • Wolford LM, Mehra P, Franco P. Use of conservative condylectomy for treatment of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2002;60:262-8.
    • (2002) J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.60 , pp. 262-268
    • Wolford, L.M.1    Mehra, P.2    Franco, P.3
  • 22
    • 4344662880 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surgical treatment of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in the adult. A 5-year follow-up
    • Holmlund AB, Gynther GW, Reinholt FP. Surgical treatment of osteochondroma of the mandibular condyle in the adult. A 5-year follow-up. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004;33:549-53.
    • (2004) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.33 , pp. 549-553
    • Holmlund, A.B.1    Gynther, G.W.2    Reinholt, F.P.3
  • 27
    • 0029286346 scopus 로고
    • Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part IV. Hemi-asymmetries
    • Cohen MM Jr. Perspectives of craniofacial asymmetry. Part IV. Hemi-asymmetries. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1995;24:134-41.
    • (1995) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.24 , pp. 134-141
    • Cohen Jr., M.M.1
  • 28
    • 70049096650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics and corrective outcome of face asymmetry by orthognathic surgery
    • Ko EWC, Huang CS, Chen YR. Characteristics and corrective outcome of face asymmetry by orthognathic surgery. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009;67:2201-9.
    • (2009) J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.67 , pp. 2201-2209
    • Ko, E.W.C.1    Huang, C.S.2    Chen, Y.R.3
  • 29
    • 34548433683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Management of facial asymmetry
    • In: Miloro M, Ghali GE, Larsen PE, Waite P, eds., Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker Inc
    • Waite PD, Urban SD. Management of facial asymmetry. In: Miloro M, Ghali GE, Larsen PE, Waite P, eds. Peterson's Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery. Hamilton, Ontario, Canada: BC Decker Inc, 2004:1205-19.
    • (2004) Peterson's Principles of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , pp. 1205-1219
    • Waite, P.D.1    Urban, S.D.2
  • 30
    • 0000282524 scopus 로고
    • Cleft lip and palate. Morphologic studies of facial skeleton
    • Harvold E. Cleft lip and palate. Morphologic studies of facial skeleton. Am J Orthod 1954;40:493-506.
    • (1954) Am J Orthod , vol.40 , pp. 493-506
    • Harvold, E.1
  • 31
    • 4444243858 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Three-dimensional assessment of facial soft tissue asymmetry before and after orthognathic surgery
    • Hajeer MJ, Ayoub AF, Millet DT. Three-dimensional assessment of facial soft tissue asymmetry before and after orthognathic surgery. Br J Oral Maxillo Fac Surg 2004;42:396-404.
    • (2004) Br J Oral Maxillo Fac Surg , vol.42 , pp. 396-404
    • Hajeer, M.J.1    Ayoub, A.F.2    Millet, D.T.3
  • 32
    • 25644454468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3 dMD photogrammetric images
    • Aldridge K, Boyadjiev SA, Capone GT, DeLeon VB, Richtsmeier JT. Precision and error of three-dimensional phenotypic measures acquired from 3 dMD photogrammetric images. Am J Med Genet A 2005;138A:247-53.
    • (2005) Am J Med Genet A , vol.138 A , pp. 247-253
    • Aldridge, K.1    Boyadjiev, S.A.2    Capone, G.T.3    de Leon, V.B.4    Richtsmeier, J.T.5
  • 33
    • 33747612866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Anthropometric precision and accuracy of digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: Comparing the Genex and 3 dMD imaging systems with one another and with direct anthropometry
    • Weinberg SM, Naidoo S, Govier DP, Martin RA, Kane AA, Marazita ML. Anthropometric precision and accuracy of digital three-dimensional photogrammetry: comparing the Genex and 3 dMD imaging systems with one another and with direct anthropometry. J Craniofac Surg 2006;17:477-83.
    • (2006) J Craniofac Surg , vol.17 , pp. 477-483
    • Weinberg, S.M.1    Naidoo, S.2    Govier, D.P.3    Martin, R.A.4    Kane, A.A.5    Marazita, M.L.6
  • 34
    • 77952853460 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Precision and accuracy of the 3 dMD photogrammetric system in craniomaxillofacial application
    • Lübbers HT, Medinger L, Kruse A, Grätz KW, Matthews F. Precision and accuracy of the 3 dMD photogrammetric system in craniomaxillofacial application. J Craniofac Surg 2010;21:763-7.
    • (2010) J Craniofac Surg , vol.21 , pp. 763-767
    • Lübbers, H.T.1    Medinger, L.2    Kruse, A.3    Grätz, K.W.4    Matthews, F.5
  • 35
    • 70449359687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Soft tissue images from cephalograms compared with those from a 3D surface acquisition system
    • Incrapera AK, Kau CH, English JD, McGrory K, Sarver DM. Soft tissue images from cephalograms compared with those from a 3D surface acquisition system. Angle Orthod 2010;80:58-64.
    • (2010) Angle Orthod , vol.80 , pp. 58-64
    • Incrapera, A.K.1    Kau, C.H.2    English, J.D.3    McGrory, K.4    Sarver, D.M.5
  • 36
    • 0032185437 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The value of stereolithographic models for preoperative diagnosis of craniofacial deformities and planning of surgical corrections
    • Sailer HF, Haers PE, Zollikofer CP, Warnke T, Caris FR, Stucki P. The value of stereolithographic models for preoperative diagnosis of craniofacial deformities and planning of surgical corrections. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998;27:327-33.
    • (1998) Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.27 , pp. 327-333
    • Sailer, H.F.1    Haers, P.E.2    Zollikofer, C.P.3    Warnke, T.4    Caris, F.R.5    Stucki, P.6
  • 37
    • 0008671212 scopus 로고
    • Dentofacial asymmetry
    • In: Proffit WR, White RP Jr, eds., St Louis: Mosby
    • Proffit WR, Turvey TA. Dentofacial asymmetry. In: Proffit WR, White RP Jr, eds. Surgical Orthodontic Treatment. St Louis: Mosby, 1991:483-549.
    • (1991) Surgical Orthodontic Treatment , pp. 483-549
    • Proffit, W.R.1    Turvey, T.A.2
  • 38
    • 12644266136 scopus 로고
    • Facial asymmetry
    • In: Whitaker LA, Salyer KE, Munro IR, Jackson IT, eds, St Louis: CV Mosby
    • Facial asymmetry. In: Whitaker LA, Salyer KE, Munro IR, Jackson IT, eds. Atlas of Craniofacial Surgery. St Louis: CV Mosby, 1982:258-317.
    • (1982) Atlas of Craniofacial Surgery , pp. 258-317
  • 39
    • 58149163075 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-splint technique for correction of severe facial asymmetry: Correlation between intraoperative maxillomandibular complex roll and restoration of mouth symmetry
    • Bergeron L, Yu CC, Chen YR. Single-splint technique for correction of severe facial asymmetry: correlation between intraoperative maxillomandibular complex roll and restoration of mouth symmetry. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008;122:1535-41.
    • (2008) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.122 , pp. 1535-1541
    • Bergeron, L.1    Yu, C.C.2    Chen, Y.R.3
  • 40
    • 70349295997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Single-splint technique in orthognathic surgery: Intraoperative checkpoints to control facial symmetry
    • Yu CC, Bergeron L, Lin CH. Single-splint technique in orthognathic surgery: intraoperative checkpoints to control facial symmetry. Plast Reconstr Surg 2009;124:879-86.
    • (2009) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.124 , pp. 879-886
    • Yu, C.C.1    Bergeron, L.2    Lin, C.H.3
  • 42
    • 43149122010 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of skeletal and soft-tissue changes following unilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis
    • Altug-Atac AT, Grayson BH, McCarthy JG. Comparison of skeletal and soft-tissue changes following unilateral mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Plast Reconstr Surg 2008;121:1751-9.
    • (2008) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.121 , pp. 1751-1759
    • Altug-Atac, A.T.1    Grayson, B.H.2    McCarthy, J.G.3
  • 43
    • 9644289328 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Predictability of soft tissue profile changes following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal class III Chinese patients
    • Koh CH, Chew MT. Predictability of soft tissue profile changes following bimaxillary surgery in skeletal class III Chinese patients. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004;62:1505-9.
    • (2004) J Oral Maxillofac Surg , vol.62 , pp. 1505-1509
    • Koh, C.H.1    Chew, M.T.2
  • 44
    • 67349109737 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hard and soft tissue changes after correction of mandibular prognathism and facial asymmetry by mandibular setback surgery: Three-dimensional analysis using computerized tomography
    • Jung YJ, Kim MJ, Baek SH. Hard and soft tissue changes after correction of mandibular prognathism and facial asymmetry by mandibular setback surgery: three-dimensional analysis using computerized tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2009;107:763-71.
    • (2009) Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod , vol.107 , pp. 763-771
    • Jung, Y.J.1    Kim, M.J.2    Baek, S.H.3
  • 45
    • 77952836852 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Simultaneous correction of hard-and soft-tissue facial asymmetry: Combination of orthognathic surgery and face lift using a resorbable fixation device
    • Choi JY, Choi JP, Lee YK. Simultaneous correction of hard-and soft-tissue facial asymmetry: Combination of orthognathic surgery and face lift using a resorbable fixation device. J Craniofac Surg 2010;21:363-70.
    • (2010) J Craniofac Surg , vol.21 , pp. 363-370
    • Choi, J.Y.1    Choi, J.P.2    Lee, Y.K.3
  • 46
    • 18144367754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Definitive surgical correction of the deformity resulting from hemimandibular hyperplasia
    • Ferguson JW. Definitive surgical correction of the deformity resulting from hemimandibular hyperplasia. J Cranio Maxillofac Surg 2005;33:150-7.
    • (2005) J Cranio Maxillofac Surg , vol.33 , pp. 150-157
    • Ferguson, J.W.1
  • 48
    • 0031818599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Controlled multiplanar distraction of the mandible: Device development and clinical application
    • McCarthy JG, Williams JK, Grayson BH, Crombie JS. Controlled multiplanar distraction of the mandible: device development and clinical application. J Craniofac Surg 1998;9:322-9.
    • (1998) J Craniofac Surg , vol.9 , pp. 322-329
    • McCarthy, J.G.1    Williams, J.K.2    Grayson, B.H.3    Crombie, J.S.4
  • 49
    • 0037739714 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Volumetric change of the medial pterygoid following distraction osteogenesis of the mandible: An example of the associated soft-tissue changes
    • Mackool RJ, Hopper RA, Grayson BH, Holliday R, McCarthy JG. Volumetric change of the medial pterygoid following distraction osteogenesis of the mandible: an example of the associated soft-tissue changes. Plast Reconstr Surg 2003;111:1804-7.
    • (2003) Plast Reconstr Surg , vol.111 , pp. 1804-1807
    • McKool, R.J.1    Hopper, R.A.2    Grayson, B.H.3    Holliday, R.4    McCarthy, J.G.5
  • 50
    • 0347724019 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correction of facial asymmetry with multiplanar mandible distraction: A one-year follow-up study
    • Ko EW, Hung KF, Huang CS, Chen PK. Correction of facial asymmetry with multiplanar mandible distraction: a one-year follow-up study. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2004;41:5-12.
    • (2004) Cleft Palate Craniofac J , vol.41 , pp. 5-12
    • Ko, E.W.1    Hung, K.F.2    Huang, C.S.3    Chen, P.K.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.