Botox® to reduce drooling in a paediatric population with neurological impairments: A Phase i study

International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders

Volumn 46, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 550-563

  Hay, Nicola ^a   Penn, Claire ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF THE WITWATERSRAND   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Botox ; cerebral palsy; drooling; operculum syndrome

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN A; MUSCLE RELAXANT AGENT;

ADOLESCENT; ARTICLE; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; DRUG EFFECT; DYSPHAGIA; FEMALE; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; HYPERSALIVATION; INJECTION; INNERVATION; MALE; METHODOLOGY; PAROTID GLAND; PHASE 1 CLINICAL TRIAL (TOPIC); PRESCHOOL CHILD; REPRODUCIBILITY; RETROSPECTIVE STUDY; SPEECH THERAPY; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

ADOLESCENT; BOTULINUM TOXINS, TYPE A; CEREBRAL PALSY; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLINICAL TRIALS, PHASE I AS TOPIC; DEGLUTITION DISORDERS; FEMALE; HUMANS; INJECTIONS; MALE; NEUROMUSCULAR AGENTS; PAROTID GLAND; REPRODUCIBILITY OF RESULTS; RETROSPECTIVE STUDIES; SEVERITY OF ILLNESS INDEX; SIALORRHEA; SPEECH THERAPY; SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 80052634622     PISSN: 13682822     EISSN: 14606984     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-6984.2011.00010.x     Document Type: Article

References (38)

1. Banerjee, K. J., Glasson, C., and, O'Flaherty, S. J., 2006, Parotid and submandibular Botulinum toxin A injections for sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 48, 883-887. (Pubitemid 44596980)
2. Barratt, J., and, Penn, C., 2009, Listening to the voices of disability: experiences of caring for children with cerebral palsy in a rural South African setting. In, L. Swartz, (ed.), Disability and International Development: Towards Inclusive Global Health (New York, NY: Springer).
3. Bax, M., Flomark, O., and, Tydeman, C., 2007, Future directions. From syndrome toward disease. The definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 49, 1-43.
4. Bhayani, M. K., and, Suskind, D. L., 2008, The use of Botulinum toxin in patients with sialorrhea. Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology, 19, 243-247.
5. Brodsky, L., 2002, Drooling in children. In, J. C. Arvedson, and, L. Brodsky, (eds), Pediatric Swallowing and Feeding: Assessment and Management, 2nd edn (San Diego, CA: Singular).
6. Camp-Bruno, J. A., Winsberg, B. G., Green-Parsons, A. R., and, Abrams, J. P., 1989, Efficacy of benztropine therapy for drooling. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 31, 309-319. (Pubitemid 19158615)
7. Christen, H. J., Hanefeld, F., Kruse, E., Imhäuser, S., Ernst, J. P., and, Finkenstaedt, M., 2000, Foix-Chavany-Marie (anterior operculum) syndrome in childhood: a reappraisal of Worster-Drought syndrome. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 42, 122-132. (Pubitemid 30083906)
8. Cohen, J., 1988, Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences, 2nd edn (Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates).
9. Currà, A., Trompetto, C., Abbruzzese, G., and, Berardelli, A., 2004, Central effects of Botulinum toxin Type A: evidence and supposition. Movement Disorders, 19 (8), S60-S64. (Pubitemid 38967513)
10. Hockstein, N. G., Samadi, D. S., Gendron, K., and, Handler, S. D., 2004, Sialorrhea: a management challenge. American Family Physician, 69 (11), 2628-2634. (Pubitemid 38720449)
11. Horng, S., and, Grady, C., 2003, Misunderstandings in clinical research: distinguishing therapeutic misconception, therapeutic misestimation, and therapeutic optimism. IRB: Ethics and Human Research, 25 (1), 11-16. (Pubitemid 41585063)
12. Jankovic, J., 2004, Botulinum toxin in clinical practice. Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 75, 951-957. (Pubitemid 38869604)
13. Jongerius, P. H., Van den Hoogen, F. J. A., Van Limbeek, J., Gabreëls, F. J., Van Hulst, K., and, Rotteveel, J. J., 2004, Effect of Botulinum toxin in the treatment of drooling: a controlled clinical trial. Pediatrics, 114 (3), 620-627. (Pubitemid 41529515)
14. Jongerius, P. H., Van Hulst, K., Van Den Hoogen, F. J. A., and, Rotteveel, J. J., 2005, The treatment of posterior drooling by Botulinum toxin in a child with cerebral palsy. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 41, 351-353. (Pubitemid 41285831)
15. Lal, D., and, Hotaling, A. J., 2006, Drooling. Current Opinion in Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, 14, 381-386. (Pubitemid 44737068)
16. Lim, M., Mace, A., Reza Nouraei, S. A., and, Sandhu, G., 2006, Botulinum toxin in the management of sialorrhoea: a systematic review. Clinical Otolaryngology, 31, 267-272. (Pubitemid 44141089)
17. Lipp, A., Trottenberg, T., Schink, T., Kupsch, A., and, Arnold, G., 2003, A randomized trial of Botulinum toxin A for treatment of drooling. Neurology, 61, 1279-1281. (Pubitemid 37377556)
18. Mathur, N. N., Vaughn, T. L., and, Brown, K. R., 2006, Drooling (available at:) (accessed on 3 January 2007).
19. Meningaud, J. P., Pitak-Arnnop, P., Chikhani, L., and, Bertrand, J. C., 2006, Drooling of saliva: a review of the etiology and management options. Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology and Endodontology, 101, 48-57. (Pubitemid 41797038)
20. Mihaylov, S. I., Jarvis, S. N., Colver, A. F., and, Beresford, B., 2004, Identification and description of environmental factors that influence participation of children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 46, 299-304. (Pubitemid 38584842)
21. Ondo, W. G., Hunter, C., and, Moore, W., 2004, A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of Botulinum toxin B for sialorrhea in Parkinson's disease. Neurology, 62, 37-40. (Pubitemid 38082867)
22. Palisano, R., Rosenbaum, P., Walter, S., Russell, D., Wood, E., and, Galuppi, B., 1997, Development and reliability of a system to classify gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 39, 214-223. (Pubitemid 27226331)
23. Reid, S. M., Johnstone, B. R., Westbury, C., Rawicki, B., and, Reddihough, D. S., 2008, Randomized trial of Botulinum toxin injections into the salivary glands to reduce drooling in children with neurological disorders. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 50, 123-128. (Pubitemid 351972027)
24. Rosenbaum, P., Paneth, P., Leviton, A., Goldstein, M., and, Bax, M., 2007, A report: the definition and classification of cerebral palsy April 2006. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 49, 1-43.
25. Rosenfeld-Johnson, S., 2002, Drooling Remediation Program for Children and Adults (Tucson, AZ: Talk Tools Innovative Therapists International).
26. Savarese, R., Diamond, M., Elovic, E., and, Millis, S. R., 2004, Intraparotid injection of Botulinum toxin A as a treatment to control sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. American Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 83, 304-311.
27. Senner, J. E., Logemann, J., Zecker, S., and, Gaebler-Spira, D., 2004, Drooling, saliva production, and swallowing in cerebral palsy. Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology, 46, 801-806. (Pubitemid 39549653)
28. Suskind, D. L., and, Tilton, A., 2002, Clinical study of Botulinum A toxin in the treatment of sialorrhea in children with cerebral palsy. Laryngoscope, 112 (1), 73-81. (Pubitemid 34037741)
29. The Ghosh Lab, 2009, Functional Analysis of Cortical Circuits (San Diego, CA: The Ghosh Lab) (available at:) (accessed on 17 April 2009).
30. The Royal Children's Hospital, 2007, Saliva Control in Children (Melbourne: The Royal Children's Hospital) (available at:) (accessed on 24 June 2007).
31. Theodoros, D., Scudamore, S., Baldock, P., Coman, S., and, Hancock, K., 2007, The effects of Botox® and voice therapy in the management of severe muscle tension dysphonia: a case study. Journal of Medical Speech-Language Pathology, 15, 293-305.
32. Thomas-Stonell, N., and, Greenberg, J., 1988, Three treatment approaches and clinical factors in the reduction of drooling. Dysphagia, 3, 73-78. (Pubitemid 19067844)
33. Van der Burg, J., Jongerius, P., Van Limbeek, J., Van Hulst, K., and, Rotteveel, J., 2006, Social interaction and self-esteem of children with cerebral palsy after treatment for severe drooling: Original Paper. European Journal of Pediatrics, 165, 37-41. (Pubitemid 41830886)
34. Watson, D., Abbott, D., and, Townsley, R., 2006, Listen to me, too! Lessons from involving children with complex healthcare needs in research about multi-agency services. Child: Care, Health and Development, 33, 90-95. (Pubitemid 44964118)
35. Wilkie, T. F., and, Brody, G. S., 1977, The surgical treatment of drooling: a ten year review. Plastic, Reconstructive Surgery, 59, 791-798. (Pubitemid 8123837)
36. Winstock, A., 2005, Eating and Drinking Difficulties in Children: A Guide for Practitioners (Speechmark).
37. World Health Organization (WHO), 2001, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (Geneva: WHO) (available at:) (accessed on 1 August 2007).
38. Zilles, K., 2004, Architecture of the human cerebral cortex. In, G. Paxinos, and, J. K. Maieditors, (eds), The Human Nervous System, 2nd edn (San Diego, CA: Elsevier).