메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 5, Issue 8, 2011, Pages

Multilocus genotyping of human giardia isolates suggests limited zoonotic transmission and association between assemblage B and flatulence in children

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ALBENDAZOLE; BETA GIARDIN; GLUTAMATE DEHYDROGENASE; INFUSION FLUID; METRONIDAZOLE; PROTOZOAL PROTEIN; TINIDAZOLE; TRIOSEPHOSPHATE ISOMERASE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG; ANTIPROTOZOAL AGENT; CYTOSKELETON PROTEIN; GIARDIN PROTEIN, GIARDIA LAMBLIA; PROTOZOAL DNA;

EID: 80052425140     PISSN: 19352727     EISSN: 19352735     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001262     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (112)

References (50)
  • 1
    • 77953917550 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The identification of a new Giardia duodenalis assemblage in marine vertebrates and a preliminary analysis of G. duodenalis population biology in marine systems
    • Lasek-Nesselquist E, Welch DM, Sogin ML, (2010) The identification of a new Giardia duodenalis assemblage in marine vertebrates and a preliminary analysis of G. duodenalis population biology in marine systems. Int J Parasitol 40: 1063-1074.
    • (2010) Int J Parasitol , vol.40 , pp. 1063-1074
    • Lasek-Nesselquist, E.1    Welch, D.M.2    Sogin, M.L.3
  • 2
    • 0033678745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardiasis as a re-emerging infectious disease and its zoonotic potential
    • Thompson RC, (2000) Giardiasis as a re-emerging infectious disease and its zoonotic potential. Int J Parasitol 30: 1259-1267.
    • (2000) Int J Parasitol , vol.30 , pp. 1259-1267
    • Thompson, R.C.1
  • 3
    • 0003505256 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • WHO, Available from:
    • WHO (1996) The World Health Report 1996. Available from: http://www.who.int/whr/1996/en/index.html.
    • (1996) The World Health Report 1996
  • 4
    • 33646484063 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the 'Neglected Diseases Initiative'
    • Savioli L, Smith H, Thompson A, (2006) Giardia and Cryptosporidium join the 'Neglected Diseases Initiative'. Trends Parasitol 22: 203-208.
    • (2006) Trends Parasitol , vol.22 , pp. 203-208
    • Savioli, L.1    Smith, H.2    Thompson, A.3
  • 5
    • 0037403506 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic diversity within the morphological species Giardia intestinalis and its relationship to host origin
    • Monis PT, Andrews RH, Mayrhofer G, Ey PL, (2003) Genetic diversity within the morphological species Giardia intestinalis and its relationship to host origin. Infect Genet Evol 3: 29-38.
    • (2003) Infect Genet Evol , vol.3 , pp. 29-38
    • Monis, P.T.1    Andrews, R.H.2    Mayrhofer, G.3    Ey, P.L.4
  • 6
    • 0004105063 scopus 로고
    • Parasitic zoonoses. Report of a WHO expert committee with the participation of FAO
    • WHO, Available from:
    • WHO (1979) Parasitic zoonoses. Report of a WHO expert committee with the participation of FAO. Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/trs/WHO_TRS_637.pdf.
    • (1979)
  • 8
    • 1842555132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological and molecular evidence supports the zoonotic transmission of Giardia among humans and dogs living in the same community
    • Traub RJ, Monis PT, Robertson I, Irwin P, Mencke N, et al. (2004) Epidemiological and molecular evidence supports the zoonotic transmission of Giardia among humans and dogs living in the same community. Parasitology 128: 253-62.
    • (2004) Parasitology , vol.128 , pp. 253-262
    • Traub, R.J.1    Monis, P.T.2    Robertson, I.3    Irwin, P.4    Mencke, N.5
  • 9
    • 50049135646 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis
    • Caccio SM, Ryan U, (2008) Molecular epidemiology of giardiasis. Mol Biochem Parasitol 160: 75-80.
    • (2008) Mol Biochem Parasitol , vol.160 , pp. 75-80
    • Caccio, S.M.1    Ryan, U.2
  • 10
    • 0242558930 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cryptosporidium and Giardia-zoonoses: fact or fiction?
    • Monis PT, Thompson RC, (2003) Cryptosporidium and Giardia-zoonoses: fact or fiction? Infect Genet Evol 3: 233-244.
    • (2003) Infect Genet Evol , vol.3 , pp. 233-244
    • Monis, P.T.1    Thompson, R.C.2
  • 12
    • 5044233735 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Classification of Giardia duodenalis parasites in Turkey into groups A and B using restriction fragment length polymorphism
    • Aydin AF, Besirbellioglu BA, Avci IY, Tanyuksel M, Araz E, et al. (2004) Classification of Giardia duodenalis parasites in Turkey into groups A and B using restriction fragment length polymorphism. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 50: 147-151.
    • (2004) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis , vol.50 , pp. 147-151
    • Aydin, A.F.1    Besirbellioglu, B.A.2    Avci, I.Y.3    Tanyuksel, M.4    Araz, E.5
  • 13
    • 28844442950 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia assemblage A infection and diarrhea in Bangladesh
    • Haque R, Roy S, Kabir M, Stroup SE, Mondal D, et al. (2005) Giardia assemblage A infection and diarrhea in Bangladesh. J Infect Dis 192: 2171-2173.
    • (2005) J Infect Dis , vol.192 , pp. 2171-2173
    • Haque, R.1    Roy, S.2    Kabir, M.3    Stroup, S.E.4    Mondal, D.5
  • 14
    • 0034992082 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human giardiasis: genotype linked differences in clinical symptomatology
    • Homan WL, Mank TG, (2001) Human giardiasis: genotype linked differences in clinical symptomatology. Int J Parasitol 31: 822-826.
    • (2001) Int J Parasitol , vol.31 , pp. 822-826
    • Homan, W.L.1    Mank, T.G.2
  • 15
    • 0036153844 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Correlation between genotype of Giardia duodenalis and diarrhoea
    • Read C, Walters J, Robertson ID, Thompson RC, (2002) Correlation between genotype of Giardia duodenalis and diarrhoea. Int J Parasitol 32: 229-231.
    • (2002) Int J Parasitol , vol.32 , pp. 229-231
    • Read, C.1    Walters, J.2    Robertson, I.D.3    Thompson, R.C.4
  • 17
    • 53049106883 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis reveals striking differences between assemblages A and B
    • Caccio SM, Beck R, Lalle M, Marinculic A, Pozio E, (2008) Multilocus genotyping of Giardia duodenalis reveals striking differences between assemblages A and B. Int J Parasitol 32: 1023-1531.
    • (2008) Int J Parasitol , vol.32 , pp. 1023-1531
    • Caccio, S.M.1    Beck, R.2    Lalle, M.3    Marinculic, A.4    Pozio, E.5
  • 18
    • 70350036191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multilocus genotyping of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in non-outbreak related cases of diarrhoea in human patients in Belgium
    • Geurden T, Levecke B, Caccio SM, Visser A, De Groote G, et al. (2009) Multilocus genotyping of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in non-outbreak related cases of diarrhoea in human patients in Belgium. Parasitology 136: 1161-1168.
    • (2009) Parasitology , vol.136 , pp. 1161-1168
    • Geurden, T.1    Levecke, B.2    Caccio, S.M.3    Visser, A.4    De Groote, G.5
  • 19
    • 70349774368 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterisation of Giardia duodenalis in captive non-human primates reveals mixed assemblage A and B infections and novel polymorphisms
    • Levecke B, Geldhof P, Claerebout E, Dorny P, Vercammen F, et al. (2009) Molecular characterisation of Giardia duodenalis in captive non-human primates reveals mixed assemblage A and B infections and novel polymorphisms. Int J Parasitol 39: 1595-1601.
    • (2009) Int J Parasitol , vol.39 , pp. 1595-1601
    • Levecke, B.1    Geldhof, P.2    Claerebout, E.3    Dorny, P.4    Vercammen, F.5
  • 20
    • 77349087543 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • From mouse to moose: multilocus genotyping of Giardia isolates from various animal species
    • Lebbad M, Mattsson JG, Christensson B, Ljungstrom B, Backhans A, et al. (2010) From mouse to moose: multilocus genotyping of Giardia isolates from various animal species. Vet Parasitol 168: 231-239.
    • (2010) Vet Parasitol , vol.168 , pp. 231-239
    • Lebbad, M.1    Mattsson, J.G.2    Christensson, B.3    Ljungstrom, B.4    Backhans, A.5
  • 21
    • 33847142257 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardiasis as differential diagnosis in diarrhea outbreaks in child day centers. Written hygienic guidelines and adequate testing can reduce the transmission
    • Svenungsson B, Velicko I, Petersson I, De Jong B, Andersson Y, et al. (2007) [Giardiasis as differential diagnosis in diarrhea outbreaks in child day centers. Written hygienic guidelines and adequate testing can reduce the transmission]. Lakartidningen 104: 500-503.
    • (2007) Lakartidningen , vol.104 , pp. 500-503
    • Svenungsson, B.1    Velicko, I.2    Petersson, I.3    De Jong, B.4    Andersson, Y.5
  • 23
    • 13844257272 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic heterogeneity at the beta-giardin locus among human and animal isolates of Giardia duodenalis and identification of potentially zoonotic subgenotypes
    • Lalle M, Pozio E, Capelli G, Bruschi F, Crotti D, et al. (2005) Genetic heterogeneity at the beta-giardin locus among human and animal isolates of Giardia duodenalis and identification of potentially zoonotic subgenotypes. Int J Parasitol 35: 207-213.
    • (2005) Int J Parasitol , vol.35 , pp. 207-213
    • Lalle, M.1    Pozio, E.2    Capelli, G.3    Bruschi, F.4    Crotti, D.5
  • 24
    • 2442555754 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Discrimination of all genotypes of Giardia duodenalis at the glutamate dehydrogenase locus using PCR-RFLP
    • Read CM, Monis PT, Thompson RC, (2004) Discrimination of all genotypes of Giardia duodenalis at the glutamate dehydrogenase locus using PCR-RFLP. Infect Genet Evol 4: 125-130.
    • (2004) Infect Genet Evol , vol.4 , pp. 125-130
    • Read, C.M.1    Monis, P.T.2    Thompson, R.C.3
  • 25
    • 0242386555 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Triosephosphate isomerase gene characterization and potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis
    • Sulaiman IM, Fayer R, Bern C, Gilman RH, Trout JM, et al. (2003) Triosephosphate isomerase gene characterization and potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis. Emerg Infect Dis 9: 1444-1452.
    • (2003) Emerg Infect Dis , vol.9 , pp. 1444-1452
    • Sulaiman, I.M.1    Fayer, R.2    Bern, C.3    Gilman, R.H.4    Trout, J.M.5
  • 26
    • 67650074092 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High genetic polymorphism among Giardia duodenalis isolates from Sahrawi children
    • Lalle M, Bruschi F, Castagna B, Campa M, Pozio E, et al. (2009) High genetic polymorphism among Giardia duodenalis isolates from Sahrawi children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 103: 834-838.
    • (2009) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.103 , pp. 834-838
    • Lalle, M.1    Bruschi, F.2    Castagna, B.3    Campa, M.4    Pozio, E.5
  • 28
    • 0036072622 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Sequence analysis of the beta-giardin gene and development of a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to genotype Giardia duodenalis cysts from human faecal samples
    • Caccio SM, De Giacomo M, Pozio E, (2002) Sequence analysis of the beta-giardin gene and development of a polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay to genotype Giardia duodenalis cysts from human faecal samples. Int J Parasitol 32: 1023-1030.
    • (2002) Int J Parasitol , vol.32 , pp. 1023-1030
    • Caccio, S.M.1    De Giacomo, M.2    Pozio, E.3
  • 29
    • 14644397888 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • RAxML-III: a fast program for maximum likelihood-based inference of large phylogenetic trees
    • Stamatakis A, Ludwig T, Meier H, (2005) RAxML-III: a fast program for maximum likelihood-based inference of large phylogenetic trees. Bioinformatics 21: 456-463.
    • (2005) Bioinformatics , vol.21 , pp. 456-463
    • Stamatakis, A.1    Ludwig, T.2    Meier, H.3
  • 30
    • 77949272124 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates from domestic ferrets
    • Abe N, Tanoue T, Noguchi E, Ohta G, Sakai H, (2010) Molecular characterization of Giardia duodenalis isolates from domestic ferrets. Parasitol Res 106: 733-736.
    • (2010) Parasitol Res , vol.106 , pp. 733-736
    • Abe, N.1    Tanoue, T.2    Noguchi, E.3    Ohta, G.4    Sakai, H.5
  • 31
    • 36448952724 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia duodenalis cysts isolated from wild moose and reindeer in Norway: genetic characterization by PCR-rflp and sequence analysis at two genes
    • Robertson LJ, Forberg T, Hermansen L, Hamnes IS, Gjerde B, (2007) Giardia duodenalis cysts isolated from wild moose and reindeer in Norway: genetic characterization by PCR-rflp and sequence analysis at two genes. J Wildl Dis 43: 576-585.
    • (2007) J Wildl Dis , vol.43 , pp. 576-585
    • Robertson, L.J.1    Forberg, T.2    Hermansen, L.3    Hamnes, I.S.4    Gjerde, B.5
  • 32
    • 4644316721 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in pre-weaned dairy calves
    • Trout JM, Santin M, Greiner E, Fayer R, (2004) Prevalence of Giardia duodenalis genotypes in pre-weaned dairy calves. Vet Parasitol 124: 179-186.
    • (2004) Vet Parasitol , vol.124 , pp. 179-186
    • Trout, J.M.1    Santin, M.2    Greiner, E.3    Fayer, R.4
  • 33
    • 34948841452 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparative evaluation of Giardia duodenalis sequence data
    • Wielinga CM, Thompson RC, (2007) Comparative evaluation of Giardia duodenalis sequence data. Parasitology 134: 1795-1821.
    • (2007) Parasitology , vol.134 , pp. 1795-1821
    • Wielinga, C.M.1    Thompson, R.C.2
  • 34
    • 77956399476 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical correlations of genetic subtypes of Giardia lamblia in an urban setting
    • Breathnach AS, McHugh TD, Butcher PD, (2010) Prevalence and clinical correlations of genetic subtypes of Giardia lamblia in an urban setting. Epidemiol Infect pp. 1-9.
    • (2010) Epidemiol Infect , pp. 1-9
    • Breathnach, A.S.1    McHugh, T.D.2    Butcher, P.D.3
  • 35
    • 33745037760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotyping of Giardia in Dutch patients and animals: a phylogenetic analysis of human and animal isolates
    • van der Giessen JW, de Vries A, Roos M, Wielinga P, Kortbeek LM, et al. (2006) Genotyping of Giardia in Dutch patients and animals: a phylogenetic analysis of human and animal isolates. Int J Parasitol 36: 849-858.
    • (2006) Int J Parasitol , vol.36 , pp. 849-858
    • van der Giessen, J.W.1    de Vries, A.2    Roos, M.3    Wielinga, P.4    Kortbeek, L.M.5
  • 36
    • 77649273967 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High prevalence Giardia duodenalis assemblage B and potentially zoonotic subtypes in sporadic human cases in Western Australia
    • Yang R, Lee J, Ng J, Ryan U, (2010) High prevalence Giardia duodenalis assemblage B and potentially zoonotic subtypes in sporadic human cases in Western Australia. Int J Parasitol 40: 293-297.
    • (2010) Int J Parasitol , vol.40 , pp. 293-297
    • Yang, R.1    Lee, J.2    Ng, J.3    Ryan, U.4
  • 37
    • 58149162861 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genetic characterization of Giardia lamblia isolates from Egyptian patients with relation to clinical giardiasis
    • Abdel-Moneim SM, Sultan DM, (2008) Genetic characterization of Giardia lamblia isolates from Egyptian patients with relation to clinical giardiasis. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 38: 547-560.
    • (2008) J Egypt Soc Parasitol , vol.38 , pp. 547-560
    • Abdel-Moneim, S.M.1    Sultan, D.M.2
  • 38
    • 34249731548 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis from human and animal samples from Brazil using beta-giardin gene: a phylogenetic analysis
    • Volotao AC, Costa-Macedo LM, Haddad FS, Brandao A, Peralta JM, et al. (2007) Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis from human and animal samples from Brazil using beta-giardin gene: a phylogenetic analysis. Acta Trop 102: 10-19.
    • (2007) Acta Trop , vol.102 , pp. 10-19
    • Volotao, A.C.1    Costa-Macedo, L.M.2    Haddad, F.S.3    Brandao, A.4    Peralta, J.M.5
  • 39
    • 46549083112 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Giardia duodenalis assemblage, clinical presentation and markers of intestinal inflammation in Brazilian children
    • Kohli A, Bushen OY, Pinkerton RC, Houpt E, Newman RD, et al. (2008) Giardia duodenalis assemblage, clinical presentation and markers of intestinal inflammation in Brazilian children. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 102: 718-725.
    • (2008) Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg , vol.102 , pp. 718-725
    • Kohli, A.1    Bushen, O.Y.2    Pinkerton, R.C.3    Houpt, E.4    Newman, R.D.5
  • 40
    • 34250191131 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of human isolates of Giardia duodenalis from Ethiopia
    • Gelanew T, Lalle M, Hailu A, Pozio E, Caccio SM, (2007) Molecular characterization of human isolates of Giardia duodenalis from Ethiopia. Acta Trop 102: 92-99.
    • (2007) Acta Trop , vol.102 , pp. 92-99
    • Gelanew, T.1    Lalle, M.2    Hailu, A.3    Pozio, E.4    Caccio, S.M.5
  • 41
    • 77749303992 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis cysts by new real-time PCR assays for detection of mixed infections in human samples
    • Almeida A, Pozio E, Caccio SM, (2010) Genotyping of Giardia duodenalis cysts by new real-time PCR assays for detection of mixed infections in human samples. Appl Environ Microbiol 76: 1895-1901.
    • (2010) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.76 , pp. 1895-1901
    • Almeida, A.1    Pozio, E.2    Caccio, S.M.3
  • 42
    • 78649470608 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and molecular typing of Giardia spp. in captive mammals at the zoo of Zagreb, Croatia
    • Beck R, Sprong H, Bata I, Lucinger S, Pozio E, et al. (2011) Prevalence and molecular typing of Giardia spp. in captive mammals at the zoo of Zagreb, Croatia. Vet Parasitol 175: 40-46.
    • (2011) Vet Parasitol , vol.175 , pp. 40-46
    • Beck, R.1    Sprong, H.2    Bata, I.3    Lucinger, S.4    Pozio, E.5
  • 43
    • 77950445792 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Occurrence of Giardia species and genotypes in humans and animals in Wielkopolska region, Poland
    • Solarczyk P, (2009) [Occurrence of Giardia species and genotypes in humans and animals in Wielkopolska region, Poland]. Wiad Parazytol 55: 459-462.
    • (2009) Wiad Parazytol , vol.55 , pp. 459-462
    • Solarczyk, P.1
  • 44
    • 50049129979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of Giardia isolates from calves and humans in a region in which dairy farming has recently intensified
    • Winkworth CL, Learmonth JJ, Matthaei CD, Townsend CR, (2008) Molecular characterization of Giardia isolates from calves and humans in a region in which dairy farming has recently intensified. Appl Environ Microbiol 74: 5100-5105.
    • (2008) Appl Environ Microbiol , vol.74 , pp. 5100-5105
    • Winkworth, C.L.1    Learmonth, J.J.2    Matthaei, C.D.3    Townsend, C.R.4
  • 45
    • 34250183463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterisation of Giardia isolates from clinical infections following a waterborne outbreak
    • Robertson LJ, Forberg T, Hermansen L, Gjerde BK, Langeland N, (2007) Molecular characterisation of Giardia isolates from clinical infections following a waterborne outbreak. J Infect 55: 79-88.
    • (2007) J Infect , vol.55 , pp. 79-88
    • Robertson, L.J.1    Forberg, T.2    Hermansen, L.3    Gjerde, B.K.4    Langeland, N.5
  • 46
    • 67650465279 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Multiple-subgenotype infections of Giardia intestinalis detected in Palestinian clinical cases using a subcloning approach
    • Hussein AI, Yamaguchi T, Nakamoto K, Iseki M, Tokoro M, (2009) Multiple-subgenotype infections of Giardia intestinalis detected in Palestinian clinical cases using a subcloning approach. Parasitol Int 58: 258-262.
    • (2009) Parasitol Int , vol.58 , pp. 258-262
    • Hussein, A.I.1    Yamaguchi, T.2    Nakamoto, K.3    Iseki, M.4    Tokoro, M.5
  • 47
    • 70350621214 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clonal diversity in Giardia duodenalis isolates from Thailand: evidences for intragenic recombination and purifying selection at the beta giardin locus
    • Kosuwin R, Putaporntip C, Pattanawong U, Jongwutiwes S, (2010) Clonal diversity in Giardia duodenalis isolates from Thailand: evidences for intragenic recombination and purifying selection at the beta giardin locus. Gene 449: 1-8.
    • (2010) Gene , vol.449 , pp. 1-8
    • Kosuwin, R.1    Putaporntip, C.2    Pattanawong, U.3    Jongwutiwes, S.4
  • 48
    • 52249093056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis haplotypes in marine animals: variation and zoonotic potential
    • Lasek-Nesselquist E, Bogomolni AL, Gast RJ, Welch DM, Ellis JC, et al. (2008) Molecular characterization of Giardia intestinalis haplotypes in marine animals: variation and zoonotic potential. Dis Aquat Organ 81: 39-51.
    • (2008) Dis Aquat Organ , vol.81 , pp. 39-51
    • Lasek-Nesselquist, E.1    Bogomolni, A.L.2    Gast, R.J.3    Welch, D.M.4    Ellis, J.C.5
  • 49
    • 70049088650 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Draft genome sequencing of giardia intestinalis assemblage B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species?
    • Franzen O, Jerlstrom-Hultqvist J, Castro E, Sherwood E, Ankarklev J, et al. (2009) Draft genome sequencing of giardia intestinalis assemblage B isolate GS: is human giardiasis caused by two different species? PLoS Pathog 5: e1000560.
    • (2009) PLoS Pathog , vol.5
    • Franzen, O.1    Jerlstrom-Hultqvist, J.2    Castro, E.3    Sherwood, E.4    Ankarklev, J.5
  • 50
    • 34848894621 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Genomic minimalism in the early diverging intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia
    • Morrison HG, McArthur AG, Gillin FD, Aley SB, Adam RD, et al. (2007) Genomic minimalism in the early diverging intestinal parasite Giardia lamblia. Science 317: 1921-1926.
    • (2007) Science , vol.317 , pp. 1921-1926
    • Morrison, H.G.1    McArthur, A.G.2    Gillin, F.D.3    Aley, S.B.4    Adam, R.D.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.