메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 128, Issue 3, 2011, Pages

Technical report - Diagnosis and management of an initial UTI in febrile infants and young children

Author keywords

Antibiotic prophylaxis; Antimicrobial; Children; Infants; Prophylaxis; Pyelonephritis; Urinary tract infection; Vesicoureteral reflux; Voiding cystourethrography

Indexed keywords

AMOXICILLIN PLUS CLAVULANIC ACID; ANTIBIOTIC AGENT; CEFADROXIL; CEFIXIME; CEFOTAXIME; COTRIMOXAZOLE; NITROFURANTOIN; PLACEBO;

EID: 80052376961     PISSN: 00314005     EISSN: 10984275     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1542/peds.2011-1332     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (161)

References (116)
  • 1
    • 0033021745 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Practice parameter: The diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children
    • American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection
    • American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. Practice parameter: The diagnosis, treatment, and evaluation of the initial urinary tract infection in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103(4):843-852
    • (1999) Pediatrics , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 843-852
  • 2
    • 0033109742 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Technical report: Urinary tract infections in febrile infants and young children
    • Available at
    • Downs S.M. Technical report: Urinary tract infections in febrile infants and young children. Pediatrics. 1999;103(4). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/ cgi/content/full/103/4/e54
    • (1999) Pediatrics , vol.103 , Issue.4
    • Downs, S.M.1
  • 3
    • 80052353311 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary tract infection: Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of initial urinary tract infections in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months of age
    • American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection
    • American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Quality Improvement, Subcommittee on Urinary Tract Infection. Urinary tract infection: Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis and management of initial urinary tract infections in febrile infants and children 2 to 24 months of age. Pediatrics. 2011;128(3):595-610
    • (2011) Pediatrics , vol.128 , Issue.3 , pp. 595-610
  • 4
    • 0025714156 scopus 로고
    • Clinical decision making: From theory to practice: Guidelines for policy statements: The explicit approach
    • Eddy D.M. Clinical decision making: From theory to practice: Guidelines for policy statements: The explicit approach. JAMA. 1990;263(16):2239-2242
    • (1990) JAMA , vol.263 , Issue.16 , pp. 2239-2242
    • Eddy, D.M.1
  • 5
    • 19744365756 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal search strategies for retrieving scientifically strong studies of treatment from Medline: Analytical survey
    • Hedge Team
    • Haynes R.B., McKibbon K.A., Wilczynski N.L., Walter S.D., Werre S.R.; Hedge Team. Optimal search strategies for retrieving scientifically strong studies of treatment from Medline: Analytical survey. BMJ. 2005;330(7501):1179
    • (2005) BMJ , vol.330 , Issue.7501 , pp. 1179
    • Haynes, R.B.1    McKibbon, K.A.2    Wilczynski, N.L.3    Walter, S.D.4    Werre, S.R.5
  • 6
    • 0031754739 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions
    • Downs S., Black N. The feasibility of creating a checklist for the assessment of the methodological quality both of randomised and non-randomised studies of health care interventions. J Epidemiol Community Health. 1998;52(6):377-384 (Pubitemid 28438523)
    • (1998) Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health , vol.52 , Issue.6 , pp. 377-384
    • Downs, S.H.1    Black, N.2
  • 7
    • 0029933253 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is urine culture necessary to rule out urinary tract infection in young febrile children?
    • DOI 10.1097/00006454-199604000-00005
    • Hoberman A., Wald E.R., Reynolds E.A., Penchansky L., Charron M. Is urine culture necessary to rule out urinary tract infection in young febrile children? Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1996;15(4):304-309 (Pubitemid 26119269)
    • (1996) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.15 , Issue.4 , pp. 304-309
    • Hoberman, A.1    Wald, E.R.2    Reynolds, E.A.3    Penchansky, L.4    Charron, M.5
  • 8
    • 0033577704 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacteraemia in febrile children presenting to a paediatric emergency department
    • Haddon R.A., Barnett P.L., Grimwood K., Hogg G.G. Bacteraemia in febrile children presenting to a paediatric emergency department. Med J Aust. 1999;170(10):475-478 (Pubitemid 29224966)
    • (1999) Medical Journal of Australia , vol.170 , Issue.10 , pp. 475-478
    • Haddon, R.A.1    Barnett, P.L.J.2    Grimwood, K.3    Hogg, G.G.4
  • 9
    • 0032134997 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of urinary tract infection in febrile young children in the emergency department
    • Available at
    • Shaw K.N., Gorelick M., McGowan K.L., Yakscoe N.M., Schwartz J.S. Prevalence of urinary tract infection in febrile young children in the emergency department. Pediatrics. 1998;102(2). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/ content/full/102/2/e16
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.102 , Issue.2
    • Shaw, K.N.1    Gorelick, M.2    McGowan, K.L.3    Yakscoe, N.M.4    Schwartz, J.S.5
  • 10
    • 41649092088 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of urinary tract infection in childhood: A meta-analysis
    • DOI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31815e4122, PII 0000645420080400000004
    • Shaikh N., Morone N.E., Bost J.E., Farrell M.H. Prevalence of urinary tract infection in childhood: A meta-analysis. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2008;27(4):302-308 (Pubitemid 351483063)
    • (2008) Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal , vol.27 , Issue.4 , pp. 302-308
    • Shaikh, N.1    Morone, N.E.2    Bost, J.E.3    Farrell, M.H.4
  • 11
    • 0032488306 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cohort study on circumcision of newborn boys and subsequent risk of urinary-tract infection
    • To T., Agha M., Dick P.T., Feldman W. Cohort study on circumcision of newborn boys and subsequent risk of urinary-tract infection. Lancet. 1998;352(9143):1813-1816 (Pubitemid 28550070)
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , Issue.9143 , pp. 1813-1816
    • To, T.1    Agha, M.2    Dick, P.T.3    Feldman, W.4
  • 12
    • 37549039095 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does this child have a urinary tract infection?
    • Shaikh N., Morone N.E., Lopez J., et al. Does this child have a urinary tract infection? JAMA. 2007;298(24):2895-2904
    • (2007) JAMA , vol.298 , Issue.24 , pp. 2895-2904
    • Shaikh, N.1    Morone, N.E.2    Lopez, J.3
  • 16
    • 0038037989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Validation of a decision rule identifying febrile young girls at high risk for urinary tract infection
    • DOI 10.1097/00006565-200306000-00005
    • Gorelick M.H., Hoberman A., Kearney D., Wald E., Shaw K.N. Validation of a decision rule identifying febrile young girls at high risk for urinary tract infection. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2003;19(3):162-164 (Pubitemid 36736043)
    • (2003) Pediatric Emergency Care , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 162-164
    • Gorelick, M.H.1    Hoberman, A.2    Kearney, D.3    Wald, E.4    Shaw, K.N.5
  • 17
    • 0034036468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical decision rule to identify febrile young girls at risk for urinary tract infection
    • Gorelick M.H., Shaw K.N. Clinical decision rule to identify febrile young girls at risk for urinary tract infection. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2000;154(4):386-390 (Pubitemid 30198488)
    • (2000) Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine , vol.154 , Issue.4 , pp. 386-390
    • Gorelick, M.H.1    Shaw, K.N.2
  • 18
    • 0021068486 scopus 로고
    • Urinary tract infection in infants with unexplained fever: A collaborative study
    • Roberts K.B., Charney E., Sweren R.J., et al. Urinary tract infection in infants with unexplained fever: A collaborative study. J Pediatr. 1983;103(6):864-867 (Pubitemid 14204175)
    • (1983) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.103 , Issue.6 , pp. 864-867
    • Roberts, K.B.1    Charney, E.2    Sweren, R.J.3
  • 20
    • 0032090391 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Screening for urinary tract infection in infants in the emergency department: Which test is best?
    • Available at
    • Shaw K.N., McGowan K.L., Gorelick M.H., Schwartz J.S. Screening for urinary tract infection in infants in the emergency department: Which test is best? Pediatrics. 1998;101(6). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/ full/101/6/e1
    • (1998) Pediatrics , vol.101 , Issue.6
    • Shaw, K.N.1    McGowan, K.L.2    Gorelick, M.H.3    Schwartz, J.S.4
  • 21
    • 0034030148 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of hemocytometer leukocyte counts and standard urinalyses for predicting urinary tract infections in febrile infants
    • Lin D.S., Huang F.Y., Chiu N.C., et al. Comparison of hemocytometer leukocyte counts and standard urinalyses for predicting urinary tract infections in febrile infants. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2000;19(3):223-227
    • (2000) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 223-227
    • Lin, D.S.1    Huang, F.Y.2    Chiu, N.C.3
  • 22
    • 0017157472 scopus 로고
    • Bladder aspiration for diagnosis of urinary tract infection in infants and young children
    • Leong Y.Y., Tan K.W. Bladder aspiration for diagnosis of urinary tract infection in infants and young children. J Singapore Paediatr Soc. 1976;18(1):43-47
    • (1976) J Singapore Paediatr Soc , vol.18 , Issue.1 , pp. 43-47
    • Leong, Y.Y.1    Tan, K.W.2
  • 23
    • 0001060264 scopus 로고
    • Comparative bacteriologic study of urine obtained from children by percutaneous suprapubic aspiration of the bladder and by catheter
    • Pryles C.V., Atkin M.D., Morse T.S., Welch K.J. Comparative bacteriologic study of urine obtained from children by percutaneous suprapubic aspiration of the bladder and by catheter. Pediatrics. 1959;24(6):983-991
    • (1959) Pediatrics , vol.24 , Issue.6 , pp. 983-991
    • Pryles, C.V.1    Atkin, M.D.2    Morse, T.S.3    Welch, K.J.4
  • 25
    • 0025832443 scopus 로고
    • Use of portable ultrasound to assist urine collection by suprapubic aspiration
    • Gochman R.F., Karasic R.B., Heller M.B. Use of portable ultrasound to assist urine collection by suprapubic aspiration. Ann Emerg Med. 1991;20(6):631-635
    • (1991) Ann Emerg Med , vol.20 , Issue.6 , pp. 631-635
    • Gochman, R.F.1    Karasic, R.B.2    Heller, M.B.3
  • 26
    • 0028261553 scopus 로고
    • Suprapubic aspiration under ultrasound guidance in children with fever of undiagnosed cause
    • Buys H., Pead L., Hallett R., Maskell R. Suprapubic aspiration under ultrasound guidance in children with fever of undiagnosed cause. BMJ. 1994;308(6930):690-692 (Pubitemid 24979787)
    • (1994) British Medical Journal , vol.308 , Issue.6930 , pp. 690-692
    • Buys, H.1    Pead, L.2    Hallett, R.3    Maskell, R.4
  • 27
    • 33746852683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pain in infants who are younger than 2 months during suprapubic aspiration and transurethral bladder catheterization: A randomized, controlled study
    • Available at
    • Kozer E., Rosenbloom E., Goldman D., Lavy G., Rosenfeld N., Goldman M. Pain in infants who are younger than 2 months during suprapubic aspiration and transurethral bladder catheterization: A randomized, controlled study. Pediatrics. 2006;118(1). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/118/ 1/e51
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.118 , Issue.1
    • Kozer, E.1    Rosenbloom, E.2    Goldman, D.3    Lavy, G.4    Rosenfeld, N.5    Goldman, M.6
  • 28
    • 77953057665 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of pain during two methods of urine collection in preterm infants
    • El-Naggar W., Yiu A., Mohamed A., et al. Comparison of pain during two methods of urine collection in preterm infants. Pediatrics. 2010;125(6):1224- 1229
    • (2010) Pediatrics , vol.125 , Issue.6 , pp. 1224-1229
    • El-Naggar, W.1    Yiu, A.2    Mohamed, A.3
  • 29
    • 0033841848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urine culture from bag specimens in young children: Are the risks too high?
    • DOI 10.1067/mpd.2000.107466
    • Al-Orifi F., McGillivray D., Tange S., Kramer M.S. Urine culture from bag specimens in young children: Are the risks too high? J Pediatr. 2000;137(2):221-226 (Pubitemid 30659230)
    • (2000) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.137 , Issue.2 , pp. 221-226
    • Al-Orifi, F.1    McGillivray, D.2    Tange, S.3    Kramer, M.S.4
  • 30
    • 67349139166 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Moving from bag to catheter for urine collection in non-toilet-trained children suspected of having urinary tract infection: A paired comparison of urine cultures
    • Etoubleau C., Reveret M., Brouet D., et al. Moving from bag to catheter for urine collection in non-toilet-trained children suspected of having urinary tract infection: A paired comparison of urine cultures. J Pediatr. 2009;154(6):803-806
    • (2009) J Pediatr , vol.154 , Issue.6 , pp. 803-806
    • Etoubleau, C.1    Reveret, M.2    Brouet, D.3
  • 32
    • 0036038969 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is bag urine culture useful in monitoring urinary tract infection in infants?
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2002.00010.x
    • Li P.S., Ma L.C., Wong S.N. Is bag urine culture useful in monitoring urinary tract infection in infants? J Paediatr Child Health. 2002;38(4):377-381 (Pubitemid 35024979)
    • (2002) Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health , vol.38 , Issue.4 , pp. 377-381
    • Li, P.S.1    Ma, L.C.2    Wong, S.N.3
  • 33
    • 77950543015 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of urine collection methods for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in children
    • Karacan C., Erkek N., Senel S., Akin Gunduz S., Catli G., Tavil B. Evaluation of urine collection methods for the diagnosis of urinary tract infection in children. Med Princ Pract. 2010;19(3):188-191
    • (2010) Med Princ Pract , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 188-191
    • Karacan, C.1    Erkek, N.2    Senel, S.3    Akin Gunduz, S.4    Catli, G.5    Tavil, B.6
  • 34
    • 34548535953 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Evaluating the specificity of a new type of urine collection bag for infants
    • DOI 10.1016/j.jpurol.2007.01.195, PII S1477513107002264
    • Perlhagen M., Forsberg T., Perlhagen J., Nivesjö M. Evaluating the specificity of a new type of urine collection bag for infants. J Pediatr Urol. 2007;3(5):378-381 (Pubitemid 47382634)
    • (2007) Journal of Pediatric Urology , vol.3 , Issue.5 , pp. 378-381
    • Perlhagen, M.1    Forsberg, T.2    Perlhagen, J.3    Nivesjo, M.4
  • 35
    • 0020067079 scopus 로고
    • Urinary tract infections in young infants
    • Ginsburg C.M., McCracken G.H. Jr. Urinary tract infections in young infants. Pediatrics. 1982;69(4):409-412 (Pubitemid 12135937)
    • (1982) Pediatrics , vol.69 , Issue.4 , pp. 409-412
    • Ginsburg, C.M.1    McCracken Jr., G.H.2
  • 40
    • 18744433237 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short versus standard duration oral antibiotic therapy for acute urinary tract infection in children
    • CD003966
    • Michael M., Hodson E.M., Craig J.C., Martin S., Moyer V.A. Short versus standard duration oral antibiotic therapy for acute urinary tract infection in children. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003;(1):CD003966
    • (2003) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , Issue.1
    • Michael, M.1    Hodson, E.M.2    Craig, J.C.3    Martin, S.4    Moyer, V.A.5
  • 42
    • 51649098817 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children fails to reduce renal scarring: Data from the Italian Renal Infection Study Trials
    • Hewitt I.K., Zucchetta P., Rigon L., et al. Early treatment of acute pyelonephritis in children fails to reduce renal scarring: Data from the Italian Renal Infection Study Trials. Pediatrics. 2008;122(3):486-490
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.122 , Issue.3 , pp. 486-490
    • Hewitt, I.K.1    Zucchetta, P.2    Rigon, L.3
  • 43
    • 35148873515 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does early treatment of urinary tract infection prevent renal damage?
    • Available at
    • Doganis D., Siafas K., Mavrikou M., et al. Does early treatment of urinary tract infection prevent renal damage? Pediatrics. 2007; 120(4). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/120/4/e922
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.120 , Issue.4
    • Doganis, D.1    Siafas, K.2    Mavrikou, M.3
  • 45
    • 0036582987 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials comparing short-and long-course antibiotic therapy for urinary tract infections in children
    • Available at
    • Keren R., Chan E. A meta-analysis of randomized, controlled trials comparing short-and long-course antibiotic therapy for urinary tract infections in children. Pediatrics. 2002;109(5). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/ content/full/109/5/e70
    • (2002) Pediatrics , vol.109 , Issue.5
    • Keren, R.1    Chan, E.2
  • 46
    • 0034969413 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Short-course versus conventional length antimicrobial therapy for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in children: A meta-analysis of 1279 patients
    • DOI 10.1067/mpd.2001.114698
    • Tran D., Muchant D.G., Aronoff S.C. Short-course versus conventional length antimicrobial therapy for uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in children: A meta-analysis of 1279 patients. J Pediatr. 2001;139(1):93-99 (Pubitemid 32613993)
    • (2001) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.139 , Issue.1 , pp. 93-99
    • Tran, D.1    Muchant, D.G.2    Aronoff, S.C.3
  • 47
    • 33947114296 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Repeat urine cultures in children who are admitted with urinary tract infections
    • Available at
    • Oreskovic N.M., Sembrano E.U. Repeat urine cultures in children who are admitted with urinary tract infections. Pediatrics. 2007; 119(2). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/119/2/e325
    • (2007) Pediatrics , vol.119 , Issue.2
    • Oreskovic, N.M.1    Sembrano, E.U.2
  • 49
    • 0021921121 scopus 로고
    • International system of radiographic grading of vesicoureteric reflux
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02388714
    • Lebowitz R.L., Olbing H., Parkkulainen K.V., Smellie J.M., Tamminen-Mobius T.E. International system of radiographic grading of vesicoureteric reflux. Pediatr Radiol. 1985;15(2):105-109 (Pubitemid 15198933)
    • (1985) Pediatric Radiology , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 105-109
    • Lebowitz, R.L.1    Olbing, H.2    Parkkulainen, K.V.3
  • 50
    • 0028964002 scopus 로고
    • Voiding cystourethrography in children with urinary tract infection: The frequency of vesicoureteric reflux is independent of the specialty of the physician requesting the study
    • Sargent M.A., Stringer D.A. Voiding cystourethrography in children with urinary tract infection: The frequency of vesicoureteric reflux is independent of the specialty of the physician requesting the study. AJR. 1995;164(5):1237-1241
    • (1995) AJR , vol.164 , Issue.5 , pp. 1237-1241
    • Sargent, M..A.1    Stringer, D.A.2
  • 52
    • 0034168109 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Voiding cystourethrograms and urinary tract infections: How long to wait?
    • Available at
    • McDonald A., Scranton M., Gillespie R., Mahajan V., Edwards G.A. Voiding cystourethrograms and urinary tract infections: How long to wait? Pediatrics. 2000;105(4). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/105/4/e50
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.105 , Issue.4
    • McDonald, A.1    Scranton, M.2    Gillespie, R.3    Mahajan, V.4    Edwards, G.A.5
  • 54
    • 0034776533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Timing of voiding cystourethrogram in the investigation of urinary tract infections in children
    • DOI 10.1067/mpd.2001.118188
    • Mahant S., To T., Friedman J. Timing of voiding cystourethrogram in the investigation of urinary tract infections in children. J Pediatr. 2001;139(4):568-571 (Pubitemid 32977273)
    • (2001) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.139 , Issue.4 , pp. 568-571
    • Mahant, S.1    To, T.2    Friedman, J.3
  • 55
    • 0036267084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal ultrasound findings and vesicoureteral reflux in children hospitalised with urinary tract infection
    • Mahant S., Friedman J., MacArthur C. Renal ultrasound findings and vesicoureteral reflux in children hospitalised with urinary tract infection. Arch Dis Child. 2002;86(6):419-420
    • (2002) Arch Dis Child , vol.86 , Issue.6 , pp. 419-420
    • Mahant, S.1    Friedman, J.2    MacArthur, C.3
  • 56
    • 0041815949 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence and severity of vesicoureteral reflux in children related to age, gender, race and diagnosis
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000084299.55552.6c
    • Chand D.H., Rhoades T., Poe S.A., Kraus S., Strife C.F. Incidence and severity of vesicoureteral reflux in children related to age, gender, race and diagnosis. J Urol. 2003;170(4):1548-1550 (Pubitemid 37102405)
    • (2003) Journal of Urology , vol.170 , Issue.4 II , pp. 1548-1550
    • Chand, D.H.1    Rhoades, T.2    Poe, S.A.3    Kraus, S.4    Strife, C.F.5
  • 57
    • 4143127788 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dimercapto-succinic acid scintigraphy instead of voiding cystourethrography for infants with urinary tract infection
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000135337.71154.60
    • Hansson S., Dhamey M., Sigström O., et al. Dimercapto-succinic acid scintigraphy instead of voiding cystourethrography for infants with urinary tract infection. J Urol. 2004;172(3):1071-1073 (Pubitemid 39096466)
    • (2004) Journal of Urology , vol.172 , Issue.3 , pp. 1071-1073
    • Hansson, S.1    Dhamey, M.2    Sigstrom, O.3    Sixt, R.4    Stokland, E.5    Wennerstrom, M.6    Jodal, U.7
  • 58
    • 1542297811 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vesicoureteral reflux in the hispanic child with urinary tract infection
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000113002.57543.34
    • Pinto K. Vesicoureteral reflux in the Hispanic child with urinary tract infection. J Urol. 2004;171(3):1266-1267 (Pubitemid 38327588)
    • (2004) Journal of Urology , vol.171 , Issue.3 , pp. 1266-1267
    • Pinto, K.J.1
  • 59
    • 2342522729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Urinary tract infection: Is there a need for routine renal ultrasonography?
    • Zamir G., Sakran W., Horowitz Y., Koren A., Miron D. Urinary tract infection: Is there a need for routine renal ultrasonography? Arch Dis Child. 2004;89(5):466-468
    • (2004) Arch Dis Child , vol.89 , Issue.5 , pp. 466-468
    • Zamir, G.1    Sakran, W.2    Horowitz, Y.3    Koren, A.4    Miron, D.5
  • 60
    • 77954426508 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Vesicoureteral reflux in children with suspected and proven urinary tract infection
    • Hannula A., Venhola M., Renko M., Pokka T., Huttunen N.P., Uhari M. Vesicoureteral reflux in children with suspected and proven urinary tract infection. Pediatr Nephrol. 2010;25(8):1463-1469
    • (2010) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.25 , Issue.8 , pp. 1463-1469
    • Hannula, A.1    Venhola, M.2    Renko, M.3    Pokka, T.4    Huttunen, N.P.5    Uhari, M.6
  • 62
    • 0032894963 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Should renal ultrasonography be done routinely in children with first urinary tract infection?
    • Alon U.S., Ganapathy S. Should renal ultrasonography be done routinely in children with first urinary tract infection? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 1999;38(1):21-25 (Pubitemid 29042646)
    • (1999) Clinical Pediatrics , vol.38 , Issue.1 , pp. 21-25
    • Alon, U.S.1    Ganapathy, S.2
  • 63
    • 0030876834 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experience with vesicoureteral reflux in children: Clinical characteristics
    • Greenfield S.P., Ng M., Wan J. Experience with vesicoureteral reflux in children: Clinical characteristics. J Urol. 1997;158(2):574-577
    • (1997) J Urol , vol.158 , Issue.2 , pp. 574-577
    • Greenfield, S.P.1    Ng, M.2    Wan, J.3
  • 64
    • 38849162395 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children with low grade vesicoureteral reflux: Results from a prospective randomized study
    • Roussey-Kesler G., Gadjos V., Idres N., et al. Antibiotic prophylaxis for the prevention of recurrent urinary tract infection in children with low grade vesicoureteral reflux: Results from a prospective randomized study. J Urol. 2008;179(2):674-679
    • (2008) J Urol , vol.179 , Issue.2 , pp. 674-679
    • Roussey-Kesler, G.1    Gadjos, V.2    Idres, N.3
  • 65
    • 34447304599 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Probiotics prophylaxis in children with persistent primary vesicoureteral reflux
    • DOI 10.1007/s00467-007-0507-1
    • Lee S.J., Shim Y.H., Cho S.J., Lee J.W. Probiotics prophylaxis in children with persistent primary vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Nephrol. 2007;22(9):1315-1320 (Pubitemid 47054922)
    • (2007) Pediatric Nephrology , vol.22 , Issue.9 , pp. 1315-1320
    • Lee, S.J.1    Shim, Y.H.2    Cho, S.J.3    Lee, J.W.4
  • 66
    • 58149168434 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prophylaxis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial
    • Montini G., Rigon L., Zucchetta P., et al. Prophylaxis after first febrile urinary tract infection in children? A multicenter, randomized, controlled, noninferiority trial. Pediatrics. 2008;122(5):1064-1071
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.122 , Issue.5 , pp. 1064-1071
    • Montini, G.1    Rigon, L.2    Zucchetta, P.3
  • 67
    • 33645020659 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary antibiotic prophylaxis after acute pyelonephritis: A multicenter, randomized, controlled study
    • DOI 10.1542/peds.2005-1362
    • Garin E.H., Olavarria F., Garcia Nieto V., Valenciano B., Campos A., Young L. Clinical significance of primary vesicoureteral reflux and urinary antibiotic prophylaxis after acute pyelonephritis: A multicenter, randomized, controlled study. Pediatrics. 2006;117(3):626-632 (Pubitemid 46063202)
    • (2006) Pediatrics , vol.117 , Issue.3 , pp. 626-632
    • Garin, E.H.1    Olavarria, F.2    Nieto, V.G.3    Valenciano, B.4    Campos, A.5    Young, L.6
  • 68
    • 48949088500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial
    • Available at
    • Pennesi M., Travan L., Peratoner L., et al. Is antibiotic prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux effective in preventing pyelonephritis and renal scars? A randomized, controlled trial. Pediatrics. 2008; 121(6). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/121/6/e1489
    • (2008) Pediatrics , vol.121 , Issue.6
    • Pennesi, M.1    Travan, L.2    Peratoner, L.3
  • 69
    • 70350547775 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children
    • Craig J., Simpson J., Williams G. Antibiotic prophylaxis and recurrent urinary tract infection in children. N Engl J Med. 2009;361(18):1748-1759
    • (2009) N Engl J Med , vol.361 , Issue.18 , pp. 1748-1759
    • Craig, J.1    Simpson, J.2    Williams, G.3
  • 70
  • 71
    • 0842323882 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonography in the evaluation of renal scarring using DMSA scan as the gold standard
    • DOI 10.1007/s00467-003-1363-2
    • Moorthy I., Wheat D., Gordon I. Ultrasonography in the evaluation of renal scarring using DMSA scan as the gold standard. Pediatr Nephrol. 2004;19(2):153-156 (Pubitemid 38181006)
    • (2004) Pediatric Nephrology , vol.19 , Issue.2 , pp. 153-156
    • Moorthy, I.1    Wheat, D.2    Gordon, I.3
  • 73
    • 0028927192 scopus 로고
    • Urinary tract infection: A comparison of four methods of investigation
    • Smellie J.M., Rigden S.P., Prescod N.P. Urinary tract infection: A comparison of four methods of investigation. Arch Dis Child. 1995;72(3):247-260
    • (1995) Arch Dis Child , vol.72 , Issue.3 , pp. 247-260
    • Smellie, J.M.1    Rigden, S.P.2    Prescod, N.P.3
  • 75
    • 0016679458 scopus 로고
    • Experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey, part III: Pathophysiology of ureteral malfunction induced by bacteria
    • Roberts J. Experimental pyelonephritis in the monkey, part III: Pathophysiology of ureteral malfunction induced by bacteria. Invest Urol. 1975;13(2):117-120
    • (1975) Invest Urol , vol.13 , Issue.2 , pp. 117-120
    • Roberts, J.1
  • 76
    • 0025755398 scopus 로고
    • Renal abscess in childhood: Diagnostic and therapeutic progress
    • Wippermann C.F., Schofer O., Beetz R., et al. Renal abscess in childhood: Diagnostic and therapeutic progress. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1991;10(6):446-450
    • (1991) Pediatr Infect Dis J , vol.10 , Issue.6 , pp. 446-450
    • Wippermann, C.F.1    Schofer, O.2    Beetz, R.3
  • 77
    • 0031759164 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improved ultrasound detection of renal scarring in children following urinary tract infection
    • DOI 10.1016/S0009-9260(98)80317-6
    • Barry B.P., Hall N., Cornford E., Broderick N.J., Somers J.M., Rose D.H. Improved ultrasound detection of renal scarring in children following urinary tract infection. Clin Radiol. 1998;53(10):747-751 (Pubitemid 28482359)
    • (1998) Clinical Radiology , vol.53 , Issue.10 , pp. 747-751
    • Barry, B.P.1    Hall, N.2    Cornford, E.3    Broderick, N.J.4    Somers, J.M.5    Rose, D.H.6
  • 78
    • 34547830310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Accuracy of ultrasonic detection of renal scarring in different centres using DMSA as the gold standard
    • DOI 10.1093/ndt/gfm155
    • Sinha M.D., Gibson P., Kane T., Lewis M.A. Accuracy of ultrasonic detection of renal scarring in different centres using DMSA as the gold standard. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22(8):2213-2216 (Pubitemid 47244698)
    • (2007) Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation , vol.22 , Issue.8 , pp. 2213-2216
    • Sinha, M.D.1    Gibson, P.2    Kane, T.3    Lewis, M.A.4
  • 79
    • 61549089354 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Value of imaging studies after a first febrile urinary tract infection in young children: Data from Italian Renal Infection Study 1
    • Available at
    • Montini G., Zucchetta P., Tomasi L., et al. Value of imaging studies after a first febrile urinary tract infection in young children: Data from Italian Renal Infection Study 1. Pediatrics. 2009;123(2). Available at: www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/123/2/e239
    • (2009) Pediatrics , vol.123 , Issue.2
    • Montini, G.1    Zucchetta, P.2    Tomasi, L.3
  • 80
    • 12544260425 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Febrile urinary tract infections in infants: Renal ultrasound remains necessary
    • Giorgi L.J. Jr, Bratslavsky G., Kogan B.A. Febrile urinary tract infections in infants: Renal ultrasound remains necessary. J Urol. 2005;173(2):568-570
    • (2005) J Urol , vol.173 , Issue.2 , pp. 568-570
    • Giorgi Jr., L.J.1    Bratslavsky, G.2    Kogan, B.A.3
  • 81
    • 0033809972 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The initial renal ultrasound examination in children with urinary tract infection: The prevalence of dilated uropathy has decreased
    • Gelfand M.J., Barr L.L., Abunku O. The initial renal ultrasound examination in children with urinary tract infection: The prevalence of dilated uropathy has decreased. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30(10):665-670
    • (2000) Pediatr Radiol , vol.30 , Issue.10 , pp. 665-670
    • Gelfand, M.J.1    Barr, L.L.2    Abunku, O.3
  • 82
    • 0035753149 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Radiological evaluation of the urinary tract in children with urinary infection
    • Jothilakshmi K., Vijayaraghavan B., Paul S., Matthai J. Radiological evaluation of the urinary tract in children with urinary infection. Indian J Pediatr. 2001;68(12):1131-1133
    • (2001) Indian J Pediatr , vol.68 , Issue.12 , pp. 1131-1133
    • Jothilakshmi, K.1    Vijayaraghavan, B.2    Paul, S.3    Matthai, J.4
  • 83
    • 33745600392 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ultrasonography after the first febrile urinary tract infection in children
    • DOI 10.1007/s00431-006-0113-4
    • Jahnukainen T., Honkinen O., Ruuskanen O., Mertsola J. Ultrasonography after the first febrile urinary tract infection in children. Eur J Pediatr. 2006;165(8):556-559 (Pubitemid 43989414)
    • (2006) European Journal of Pediatrics , vol.165 , Issue.8 , pp. 556-559
    • Jahnukainen, T.1    Honkinen, O.2    Ruuskanen, O.3    Mertsola, J.4
  • 84
    • 40649116947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal ultrasonography should be done routinely in children with first urinary tract infections
    • Huang H.P., Lai Y.C., Tsai I.J., Chen S.Y., Tsau Y.K. Renal ultrasonography should be done routinely in children with first urinary tract infections. Urology. 2008;71(3):439-443
    • (2008) Urology , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 439-443
    • Huang, H.P.1    Lai, Y.C.2    Tsai, I.J.3    Chen, S.Y.4    Tsau, Y.K.5
  • 85
    • 0028209729 scopus 로고
    • The importance of late pregnancy scans for renal tract abnormalities
    • Economou G., Egginton J., Brookfield D. The importance of late pregnancy scans for renal tract abnormalities. Prenat Diagn. 1994;14(3):177-180 (Pubitemid 24101554)
    • (1994) Prenatal Diagnosis , vol.14 , Issue.3 , pp. 177-180
    • Economou, G.1    Egginton, J.A.2    Brookfield, D.S.K.3
  • 86
    • 0025349613 scopus 로고
    • Ultrasound screening for fetal urinary tract malformations: A prospective study in general population
    • Rosendahl H. Ultrasound screening for fetal urinary tract malformations: A prospective study in general population. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1990;36(1-2):27-33 (Pubitemid 20162056)
    • (1990) European Journal of Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Biology , vol.36 , Issue.1-2 , pp. 27-33
    • Rosendahl, H.1
  • 87
    • 0025955801 scopus 로고
    • Clinical outcome of fetal uropathy, part II: Sensitivity of echography for prenatal detection of obstructive pathology
    • Paduano L., Giglio L., Bembi B., Peratoner L., Benussi, G. Clinical outcome of fetal uropathy, part II: Sensitivity of echography for prenatal detection of obstructive pathology. J Urol. 1991;146(4):1097-1098
    • (1991) J Urol , vol.146 , Issue.4 , pp. 1097-1098
    • Paduano, L.1    Giglio, L.2    Bembi, B.3    Peratoner, L.4    Benussi, G.5
  • 88
    • 34249899175 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is omitting post urinary-tract-infection renal ultrasound safe after normal antenatal ultrasound? An observational study
    • DOI 10.1136/adc.2006.108662
    • Miron D., Daas A., Sakran W., Lumelsky D., Koren A., Horovitz Y. Is omitting post urinary-tract-infection renal ultrasound safe after normal antenatal ultrasound? An observational study. Arch Dis Child. 2007;92(6):502-504 (Pubitemid 46867268)
    • (2007) Archives of Disease in Childhood , vol.92 , Issue.6 , pp. 502-504
    • Miron, D.1    Daas, A.2    Sakran, W.3    Lumelsky, D.4    Koren, A.5    Horovitz, Y.6
  • 89
    • 0030435524 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Failure of pre-natal ultrasonography to prevent urinary infection associated with underlying urological abnormalities
    • Lakhoo K., Thomas D.F., Fuenfer M., D'Cruz A.J. Failure of pre-natal ultrasonography to prevent urinary infection associated with underlying urological abnormalities. Br J Urol. 1996;77(6):905-908 (Pubitemid 27407605)
    • (1996) British Journal of Urology , vol.77 , Issue.6 , pp. 905-908
    • Lakhoo, K.1    Thomas, D.F.M.2    Fuenfer, M.3    D'Cruz, A.J.4
  • 90
    • 0027456806 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of vesicoureteric reflux. Results of a prospective study
    • Scholtmeijer R.J. Treatment of vesicoureteric reflux: Results of a prospective study. Br J Urol. 1993;71(3):346-349 (Pubitemid 23102263)
    • (1993) British Journal of Urology , vol.71 , Issue.3 , pp. 346-349
    • Scholtmeijer, R.J.1
  • 91
    • 0035962340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral nephropathy: A randomised trial
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(00)04520-7
    • Smellie J.M., Barratt T.M., Chantler C., et al. Medical versus surgical treatment in children with severe bilateral vesicoureteric reflux and bilateral nephropathy: A randomised trial. Lancet. 2001;357(9265):1329-1333 (Pubitemid 32441532)
    • (2001) Lancet , vol.357 , Issue.9265 , pp. 1329-1333
    • Smellie, J.M.1    Barratt, T.M.2    Chantler, C.3    Gordon, I.4    Prescod, N.P.5    Ransley, P.G.6    Woolf, A.S.7
  • 92
    • 33646679329 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ten-year results of randomized treatment of children with severe vesicoureteral reflux. Final report of the International Reflux Study in Children
    • DOI 10.1007/s00467-006-0063-0
    • Jodal U., Smellie J.M., Lax H., Hoyer P.F. Tenyear results of randomized treatment of children with severe vesicoureteral reflux: Final report of the International Reflux Study in Children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2006;21(6):785-792 (Pubitemid 43740945)
    • (2006) Pediatric Nephrology , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 785-792
    • Jodal, U.1    Smellie, J.M.2    Lax, H.3    Hoyer, P.F.4
  • 93
    • 0036190986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer implantation for vesico-ureteral reflux: A randomized comparison with antibiotic prophylaxis
    • DOI 10.1067/mpd.2002.121380
    • Capozza N., Caione P. Dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer implantation for vesico-ureteral reflux: A randomized comparison with antibiotic prophylaxis. J Pediatr. 2002;140(2):230-234 (Pubitemid 34183664)
    • (2002) Journal of Pediatrics , vol.140 , Issue.2 , pp. 230-234
    • Capozza, N.1    Caione, P.2
  • 94
    • 0033059612 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Growth and weight gain in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving medical versus surgical treatment: 10-Year results of a prospective, randomized study
    • DOI 10.1080/08035259950170619
    • Wingen A.M., Koskimies O., Olbing H., Seppanen J., Tamminen-Mobius T. Growth and weight gain in children with vesicoureteral reflux receiving medical versus surgical treatment: 10-year results of a prospective, randomized study. Acta Paediatr. 1999;88(1):56-61 (Pubitemid 29100201)
    • (1999) Acta Paediatrica, International Journal of Paediatrics , vol.88 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-61
    • Wingen, A.-M.1    Koskimies, O.2    Olbing, H.3    Seppanen, J.4    Tamminen-Mobius, T.5
  • 95
    • 0027537411 scopus 로고
    • RADIOLOGISCHE NIERENBEFUNDE BEI KINDERN MIT SCHWEREM REFLUX. FUNFJAHRESVERGLEICHSSTUDIE KONSERVATIVER UND CHIRURGISCHER BEHANDLUNG
    • Smellie J.M., Tamminen-Möbius T., Olbing H., et al. Radiologic findings in the kidney of children with severe reflux: Five-year comparative study of conservative and surgical treatment [in German]. Urologe A. 1993;32(1):22-29 (Pubitemid 23048456)
    • (1993) Urologe - Ausgabe A , vol.32 , Issue.1 , pp. 22-29
    • Smellie, J.M.1    Tamminen-Mobius, T.2    Olbing, H.3    Claesson, I.4    Wikstad, I.5    Jodal, U.6    Seppanen, U.7
  • 96
    • 0242525535 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • New renal scars in children with severe VUR: A 10-year study of randomized treatment
    • DOI 10.1007/s00467-003-1256-4
    • Olbing H., Smellie J.M., Jodal U., Lax H. New renal scars in children with severe VUR: A 10-year study of randomized treatment. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003;18(11):1128-1131 (Pubitemid 37406859)
    • (2003) Pediatric Nephrology , vol.18 , Issue.11 , pp. 1128-1131
    • Olbing, H.1    Smellie, J.M.2    Jodal, U.3    Lax, H.4
  • 97
    • 0033841312 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Renal growth in children with severe vesicoureteral reflux: 10-Year prospective study of medical and surgical treatment
    • Olbing H., Hirche H., Koskimies O., et al. Renal growth in children with severe vesicoureteral reflux: 10-year prospective study of medical and surgical treatment. Radiology. 2000;216(3):731-737
    • (2000) Radiology , vol.216 , Issue.3 , pp. 731-737
    • Olbing, H.1    Hirche, H.2    Koskimies, O.3
  • 98
    • 24944437135 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Can prophylactic antibiotics safely be discontinued in children with vesicoureteral reflux?
    • DOI 10.1097/01.ju.0000176336.67905.c7
    • Al-Sayyad A.J., Pike J.G., Leonard M.P. Can prophylactic antibiotics safely be discontinued in children with vesicoureteral reflux? J Urol. 2005;174(4):1587-1589 (Pubitemid 41318631)
    • (2005) Journal of Urology , vol.174 , Issue.4 II , pp. 1587-1589
    • Al-Sayyad, A.J.1    Pike, J.G.2    Leonard, M.P.3    Sutherland, R.4
  • 99
    • 0038757708 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antibiotic prophylaxis by low-dose cefaclor in children with vesicoureteral reflux
    • Kaneko K., Ohtomo Y., Shimizu T., Yamashiro Y., Yamataka A., Miyano T. Antibiotic prophylaxis by low-dose cefaclor in children with vesicoureteral reflux. Pediatr Nephrol. 2003;18(5):468-470 (Pubitemid 36798494)
    • (2003) Pediatric Nephrology , vol.18 , Issue.5 , pp. 468-470
    • Kaneko, K.1    Ohtomo, Y.2    Shimizu, T.3    Yamashiro, Y.4    Yamataka, A.5    Miyano, T.6
  • 100
    • 0017640449 scopus 로고
    • Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in girls
    • Lohr J.A., Nunley D.H., Howards S.S., Ford R.F. Prevention of recurrent urinary tract infections in girls. Pediatrics. 1977;59(4):562-565 (Pubitemid 8092809)
    • (1977) Pediatrics , vol.59 , Issue.4 , pp. 562-565
    • Lohr, J.A.1    Nunley, D.H.2    Howards, S.S.3    Ford, R.F.4
  • 101
    • 0017882017 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of prophylactic treatment in childhood urinary-tract infection
    • Smellie J.M., Katz G., Grüneberg R.N. Controlled trial of prophylactic treatment in childhood urinary-tract infection. Lancet. 1978;2(8082):175-178 (Pubitemid 8385015)
    • (1978) Lancet , vol.2 , Issue.8082 , pp. 175-178
    • Smellie, J.M.1    Katz, G.2    Gruneberg, R.N.3
  • 102
    • 0016409231 scopus 로고
    • Controlled trial of therapy in covert bacteriuria of childhood
    • Savage D.C., Howie G., Adler K., Wilson M.I. Controlled trial of therapy in covert bacteriuria of childhood. Lancet. 1975;1(7903):358-361
    • (1975) Lancet , vol.1 , Issue.7903 , pp. 358-361
    • Savage, D.C.1    Howie, G.2    Adler, K.3    Wilson, M.I.4
  • 103
    • 0016763405 scopus 로고
    • Duration of treatment for urinary tract infections in children
    • Stansfeld J.M. Duration of treatment for urinary tract infections in children. Br Med J. 1975;3(5975):65-66
    • (1975) Br Med J , vol.3 , Issue.5975 , pp. 65-66
    • Stansfeld, J.M.1
  • 104
    • 0001277565 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Antimicrobial prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux: A randomized prospective study of continuous therapy vs intermittent therapy vs surveillance
    • Reddy P.P., Evans M.T., Hughes P.A., et al. Antimicrobial prophylaxis in children with vesicoureteral reflux: A randomized prospective study of continuous therapy vs intermittent therapy vs surveillance. Pediatrics. 1997;100(3 suppl):555-556
    • (1997) Pediatrics , vol.100 , Issue.3 SUPPL. , pp. 555-556
    • Reddy, P.P.1    Evans, M.T.2    Hughes, P.A.3
  • 105
    • 7044220955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term antibiotics to prevent urinary tract infection in children with isolated vesicoureteric reflux: A placebo-controlled randomized trial
    • Craig J., Roy L., Sureshkumar P., Burke J., Powell H. Long-term antibiotics to prevent urinary tract infection in children with isolated vesicoureteric reflux: A placebo-controlled randomized trial. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13(3):3A
    • (2002) J Am Soc Nephrol , vol.13 , Issue.3
    • Craig, J.1    Roy, L.2    Sureshkumar, P.3    Burke, J.4    Powell, H.5
  • 106
    • 70350674355 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Resistance against broad-spectrum β-lactams among uropathogens in children
    • Bitsori M., Maraki S., Kalmanti M., Galanakis E. Resistance against broad-spectrum β-lactams among uropathogens in children. Pediatr Nephrol. 2009;24(12):2381-2386
    • (2009) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.24 , Issue.12 , pp. 2381-2386
    • Bitsori, M.1    Maraki, S.2    Kalmanti, M.3    Galanakis, E.4
  • 109
    • 0017072648 scopus 로고
    • The prognosis of pelviureteric obstruction in childhood: A review of 190 cases
    • xWilliams DI, Kenawi MM. The prognosis of pelviureteric obstruction in childhood: a review of 190 cases. Eur Urol. 1976;2(2):57-63
    • (1976) Eur Urol , vol.2 , Issue.2 , pp. 57-63
    • XWilliams, D.I.1    Kenawi, M.M.2
  • 110
    • 0019182854 scopus 로고
    • A study of fifty-eight patients with renal scarring associated with urinary tract infection
    • Mihindukulasuriya J.C., Maskell R., Polak A. A study of fifty-eight patients with renal scarring associated with urinary tract infection. Q J Med. 1980;49(194):165-178 (Pubitemid 11177256)
    • (1980) Quarterly Journal of Medicine , vol.49 , Issue.194 , pp. 165-178
    • Mihindukulasuryiya, J.C.L.1    Maskell, R.2    Polak, A.3
  • 112
    • 0026599851 scopus 로고
    • Long-term prognosis of postinfectious renal scarring in relation to radiological findings in childhood: A 27-year follow-up
    • Jacobson S.H., Eklof O., Lins L.E., Wikstad I., Winberg J. Long-term prognosis of postinfectious renal scarring in relation to radiological findings in childhood: A 27-year follow-up. Pediatr Nephrol. 1992;6(1):19-24
    • (1992) Pediatr Nephrol , vol.6 , Issue.1 , pp. 19-24
    • Jacobson, S.H.1    Eklof, O.2    Lins, L.E.3    Wikstad, I.4    Winberg, J.5
  • 113
    • 0034035695 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Does treatment of vesicoureteric reflux in childhood prevent end-stage renal disease attributable to reflux nephropathy?
    • Craig J.C., Irwig L.M., Knight J.F., Roy L.P. Does treatment of vesicoureteric reflux in childhood prevent end-stage renal disease attributable to reflux nephropathy? Pediatrics. 2000;105(6):1236-1241 (Pubitemid 30346892)
    • (2000) Pediatrics , vol.105 , Issue.6 , pp. 1236-1241
    • Craig, J.C.1    Irwig, L.M.2    Knight, J.F.3    Roy, L.P.4
  • 114
    • 0030035715 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Distress and radiological investigations of the urinary tract in children
    • DOI 10.1007/s004310050468
    • Phillips D., Watson A.R., Collier J. Distress and radiological investigations of the urinary tract in children. Eur J Pediatr. 1996;155(8):684-687 (Pubitemid 26232583)
    • (1996) European Journal of Pediatrics , vol.155 , Issue.8 , pp. 684-687
    • Phillips, D.1    Watson, A.R.2    Collier, J.3
  • 116
    • 0033173696 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic value, parental and patient acceptability of micturating cystourethrography in children
    • Robinson M., Savage J., Stewart M., Sweeney L. The diagnostic value, parental and patient acceptability of micturating cystourethrography in children. Ir Med J. 1999;92(5):366-368
    • (1999) Ir Med J , vol.92 , Issue.5 , pp. 366-368
    • Robinson, M.1    Savage, J.2    Stewart, M.3    Sweeney, L.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.