Challenges of stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation in clinical practice

QJM: An International Journal of Medicine

Volumn 104, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 739-746

  Hobbs, F D Richard ^a   Leach, I ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD   (United Kingdom)

^b Chameleon Communications International   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACENOCOUMAROL; ACETYLSALICYLIC ACID; ANTICOAGULANT AGENT; ANTIVITAMIN K; APIXABAN; BETRIXABAN; CLOPIDOGREL; DABIGATRAN; DAREXABAN; EDOXABAN; PHENPROCOUMON; RIVAROXABAN; WARFARIN;

ANTICOAGULANT THERAPY; ANTICOAGULATION; BLEEDING; BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; CARDIAC PATIENT; CLINICAL PRACTICE; DRUG SAFETY; DRUG WITHDRAWAL; EMBOLISM; GASTROINTESTINAL HEMORRHAGE; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART INFARCTION; HEMATOMA; HUMAN; PRACTICE GUIDELINE; PRIMARY PREVENTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RISK REDUCTION; SECONDARY PREVENTION; STROKE; THROMBOSIS; THROMBOSIS PREVENTION;

EID: 80052217437     PISSN: 14602725     EISSN: 14602393     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcr092     Document Type: Review

References (36)

1. Lamassa M, Di Carlo A, Pracucci G, Basile AM, Trefoloni G, Vanni P, et al. Characteristics, outcome, and care of stroke associated with atrial fibrillation in Europe: data from a multicenter multinational hospital-based registry (The European Community Stroke Project). Stroke 2001; 32:392-8.
2. Jørgensen HS, Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou HO, Olsen TS. Acute stroke with atrial fibrillation. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Stroke 1996; 27:1765-9.
3. Marini C, De Santis F, Sacco S, Russo T, Olivieri L, Totaro R, et al. Contribution of atrial fibrillation to incidence and outcome of ischemic stroke: results from a population-based study. Stroke 2005; 36:1115-9.
4. Heeringa J, van der Kuip DAM, Hofman A, Kors JA, van Herpen G, Stricker BHC, et al. Prevalence, incidence and lifetime risk of atrial fibrillation: the Rotterdam study. Eur Heart J 2006; 27:949-53.
5. Go AS. Efficacy of anticoagulation for stroke prevention and risk stratification in atrial fibrillation: translating trials into clinical practice. Am J Manag Care 2004; 10:S58-65.
6. Fuster V, Rydén LE, Cannom DS, Crijns HJ, Curtis AB, Ellenbogen KA, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Atrial Fibrillation: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines and the European Society of Cardiology Committee for Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Revise the 2001 Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation): developed in collaboration with the European Heart Rhythm Association and the Heart Rhythm Society. Circulation 2006; 114:e257-354.
7. Singer DE, Albers GW, Dalen JE, Fang MC, Go AS, Halperin JL, et al. Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133:546S-92S.
8. Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, et al. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: the Task Force for the Management of Atrial Fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J 2010; 31:2369-429.
9. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. Atrial Fibrillation: the management of atrial fibrillation. NICE Clinical Guideline 36. June 2006. [http://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/index.jsp?action=byID&o=10982].
10. Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network. Guideline 36. Antithrombotic Therapy Section 3: Atrial fibrillation: Prophylaxis of systemic embolism. 10 August 2001. [www .sign.ac.uk/guidelines/fulltext/36/section3.html].
11. van Walraven C, Hart RG, Connolly S, Austin PC, Mant J, Hobbs FD, et al. Effect of age on stroke prevention therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation: the atrial fibrillation investigators. Stroke 2009; 40:1410-6.
12. Mant J, Hobbs FD, Fletcher K, Roalfe A, Fitzmaurice D, Lip GY, et al. Warfarin versus aspirin for stroke prevention in an elderly community population with atrial fibrillation (the Birmingham Atrial Fibrillation Treatment of the aged study, BAFTA): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2007; 370:493-503.
13. EAFT (European Atrial Fibrillation Trial) Study Group. Secondary prevention in non-rheumatic atrial fibrillation after transient ischaemic attack or minor stroke. Lancet 1993; 342:1255-62.
14. Hart RG, Benavente O, McBride R, Pearce LA. Antithrombotic therapy to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation: a meta-analysis. Ann Inter Med 1999; 131:492-501.
15. Derry S, Loke YK. Risk of gastrointestinal haemorrhage with long term use of aspirin: meta-analysis. BMJ 2000; 321:1183-7.
16. Lin PJ. Reviewing the reality: why we need to change. Eur Heart J 2005; 7(Suppl. E):E15-20.
17. Ansell J, Hirsh J, Hylek E, Jacobson A, Crowther M, Palareti G, et al. Pharmacology and management of the vitamin K antagonists: American College of Chest Physicians evidence-based clinical practice guidelines (8th Edition). Chest 2008; 133:160S-98S.
18. van Leeuwen Y, Rosendaal FR, van der Meer FJ. The relationship between maintenance dosages of three vitamin K antagonists: acenocoumarol, warfarin and phenprocoumon. ThrombRes 2008; 123:225-30.
19. Hirsh J, Fuster V, Ansell J, Halperin JL. American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology Foundation guide to warfarin therapy. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 2003; 41:1633-52.
20. Landefeld CS, Goldman L. Major bleeding in outpatients treated with warfarin: incidence and prediction by factors known at the start of outpatient therapy. Am J Med 1989; 87:144-52.
21. Bristol-Myers Squibb. Prescribing Information. February 2011. [http://packageinserts.bms.com/pi/pi_plavix.pdf].
22. Waldo AL, Becker RC, Tapson VF, Colgan KJ, for the NABOR Steering Committee. Hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation and a high risk of stroke are not being provided with adequate anticoagulation. J Am Coll Cardiol 2005; 46:1729-36.
23. Nieuwlaat R, Capucci A, Lip GY, Olsson SB, Prins MH, Nieman FH, et al. Antithrombotic treatment in real-life atrial fibrillation patients: a report from the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. Eur Heart J 2006; 27:3018-26.
24. Go AS, Hylek EM, Chang Y, Phillips KA, Henault LE, Capra AM, et al. Anticoagulation therapy for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: how well do randomized trials translate into clinical practice? JAMA 2003; 290:2685-92.
25. Evans A, Perez I, Yu G, Kalra L. Secondary stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: lessons from clinical practice. Stroke 2000; 31:2106-11.
26. Evans A, Perez I, Yu G, Kalra L. Should stroke subtype influence anticoagulation decisions to prevent recurrence in stroke patients with atrial fibrillation? Stroke 2001; 32:2828-32.
27. Caro JJ, Flegel KM, Orejuela ME, Kelley HE, Speckman JL, Migliaccio-Walle K. Anticoagulant prophylaxis against stroke in atrial fibrillation: effectiveness in actual practice. CMAJ 1999; 161:493-7.
28. Gage BF, Boechler M, Doggette AL, Fortune G, Flaker GC, Rich MW, et al. Adverse outcomes and predictors of underuse of antithrombotic therapy in medicare beneficiaries with chronic atrial fibrillation. Stroke 2000; 31:822-7.
29. Hylek EM, Go AS, Chang Y, Jensvold NG, Henault LE, Selby JV, et al. Effect of intensity of oral anticoagulation on stroke severity and mortality in atrial fibrillation. New Engl J Med 2003; 349:1019-26.
30. Connolly SJ, Ezekowitz MD, Yusuf S, Eikelboom J, Oldgren J, Parekh A, et al. Dabigatran versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation. New Engl J Med 2009; 361:1139-51.
31. Connolly SJ, Eikelboom J, Joyner C, Diener HC, Hart R, Golitsyn S, et al. Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med 2011; 364:806-17.
32. Breithardt G, Dobrev D, Doll N, Goette A, Hoffmann B, Kirchhof P, et al. The German competence network on atrial fibrillation (AFNET). Herz 2008; 33:548-55.
33. Nieuwlaat R, Olsson SB, Lip GY, Camm AJ, Breithardt G, Capucci A, et al. Guideline-adherent antithrombotic treatment is associated with improved outcomes compared with undertreatment in high-risk patients with atrial fibrillation. The Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. Am Heart J 2007; 153:1006-12.
34. Gage BF, Waterman AD, Shannon W, Boechler M, Rich MW, Radford MJ. Validation of clinical classification schemes for predicting stroke: results from the National Registry of Atrial Fibrillation. JAMA 2001; 285:2864-70.
35. Gage BF, van Walraven C, Pearce L, Hart RG, Koudstaal PJ, Boode BS, et al. Selecting patients with atrial fibrillation for anticoagulation: stroke risk stratification in patients taking aspirin. Circulation 2004; 110:2287-92.
36. Lip GY, Nieuwlaat R, Pisters R, Lane D, Crijns H. Refining clinical risk stratification for predicting stroke and thromboembolism in atrial fibrillation using a novel risk factor based approach: the Euro Heart Survey on Atrial Fibrillation. Chest 2010; 137:263-72.