메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 6, Issue 3 PART 1, 2011, Pages 725-736

Optical layer security in fiber-optic networks

Author keywords

Fiber optics network; optical layer security; optical signal processing; physical layer security

Indexed keywords

ANTI-JAMMING; BROADBAND OPERATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC IMMUNITY; FIBER-OPTICS NETWORK; INTENSIVE RESEARCH; LOW LATENCY; NETWORK CAPACITY; OPTICAL CODE DIVISION MULTIPLE ACCESS; OPTICAL ENCRYPTION; OPTICAL LAYERS; OPTICAL NETWORK SECURITY; OPTICAL RINGS; OPTICAL SIGNALS; OPTICAL TECHNIQUE; PHYSICAL LAYER SECURITY; PHYSICAL LAYERS; REALTIME PROCESSING; SECURITY THREATS; SELF-HEALING; SPECIFIC AREAS;

EID: 80051743311     PISSN: 15566013     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/TIFS.2011.2141990     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (330)

References (60)
  • 2
    • 33846509463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for secure communications over a public fiber-optical network
    • May
    • B. B. Wu and E. E. Narimanov, "A method for secure communications over a public fiber-optical network", Opt. Express, vol. 14, no. 9, pp. 3738-3751, May 2006.
    • (2006) Opt. Express , vol.14 , Issue.9 , pp. 3738-3751
    • Wu, B.B.1    Narimanov, E.E.2
  • 4
    • 36949017976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining cryptographic and steganographic security with self-wrapped optical code division multiplexing techniques
    • DOI 10.1049/el:20071981
    • Y. K. Huang, B. Wu, I. Glesk, E. E. Narimanov, T. Wang, and P. R. Prucnal, "Combining cryptographic and steganographic security with self-wrapped optical code division multiplexing techniques", Electron. Lett., vol. 43, no. 25, pp. 1449-1451, Dec. 2007. (Pubitemid 350242749)
    • (2007) Electronics Letters , vol.43 , Issue.25 , pp. 1449-1451
    • Huang, Y.-K.1    Wu, B.2    Glesk, I.3    Narimanov, E.E.4    Wang, T.5    Prucnal, P.R.6
  • 5
    • 33645823905 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Novel super structured Bragg gratings for optical encryption
    • Apr
    • J. M. Castro, I. B. Djordjevic, and D. F. Geraghty, "Novel super structured Bragg gratings for optical encryption", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 24, no. 4, pp. 1875-1885, Apr. 2006.
    • (2006) J. Lightw. Technol. , vol.24 , Issue.4 , pp. 1875-1885
    • Castro, J.M.1    Djordjevic, I.B.2    Geraghty, D.F.3
  • 7
    • 33846509463 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A method for secure communications over a public fiber-optical network
    • B. Wu and E. E. Narimanov, "A method for secure communications over a public fiber-optical network", Opt. Express, vol. 14, pp. 3738-3751, 2006.
    • (2006) Opt. Express , vol.14 , pp. 3738-3751
    • Wu, B.1    Narimanov, E.E.2
  • 8
    • 51249090134 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Stealth transmission over a WDM network with detection based on an alloptical thresholder
    • Paper WH2
    • K. Kravtsov, B. Wu, I. Glesk, P. R. Prucnal, and E. Narimanov, "Stealth transmission over a WDM network with detection based on an alloptical thresholder", in Proc. IEEE/LEOS Annual Meeting 2007, pp. 480-481, Paper WH2.
    • (2007) Proc. IEEE/LEOS Annual Meeting , pp. 480-481
    • Kravtsov, K.1    Wu, B.2    Glesk, I.3    Prucnal, P.R.4    Narimanov, E.5
  • 9
    • 59349085537 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A compact and low-latency scheme for optical steganography using chirped fiber Bragg gratings
    • M. P. Fok and P. R. Prucnal, "A compact and low-latency scheme for optical steganography using chirped fiber Bragg gratings", Electron. Lett., vol. 45, pp. 179-180, 2009.
    • (2009) Electron. Lett. , vol.45 , pp. 179-180
    • Fok, M.P.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 10
    • 77949583042 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Improving the privacy of optical steganography with temporal phase masks
    • Z. Wang, M. P. Fok, L. Xu, J. Chang, and P. R. Prucnal, "Improving the privacy of optical steganography with temporal phase masks", Opt. Express, vol. 18, no. 6, pp. 6079-6088, 2010.
    • (2010) Opt. Express , vol.18 , Issue.6 , pp. 6079-6088
    • Wang, Z.1    Fok, M.P.2    Xu, L.3    Chang, J.4    Prucnal, P.R.5
  • 11
    • 0036298367 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical network survivability: Protection techniques in the WDM layer
    • DOI 10.1023/A:1016047527226
    • Maier, A. Pattavina, S. De Patre, and M. Martinelli, "Optical network survivability: Protection techniques in the WDM layer", Photon. Netw. Commun., vol. 4, no. 3-4, pp. 251-269, 2002. (Pubitemid 37118789)
    • (2002) Photonic Network Communications , vol.4 , Issue.3-4 , pp. 251-269
    • Maier, G.1    Pattavina, A.2    De Patre, S.3    Martinelli, M.4
  • 12
    • 0003011630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Survivability in optical networks
    • Nov/Dec
    • D. Zhou and S. Subramaniam, "Survivability in optical networks", IEEE Network, vol. 14, no. 6, pp. 16-23, Nov/Dec. 2000.
    • (2000) IEEE Network , vol.14 , Issue.6 , pp. 16-23
    • Zhou, D.1    Subramaniam, S.2
  • 14
    • 27744452343 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical network security: Technical analysis of fiber tapping mechanisms and methods for detection & prevention
    • MILCOM 2004 - 2004 IEEE Military Communications Conference
    • K. Shaneman and S. Gray, "Optical network security: Technical analysis of fiber tapping mechanisms and methods for detection & prevention", in Proc. IEEE Military Communications Conf. (MILCOM), 2004, vol. 2, pp. 711-716. (Pubitemid 41609934)
    • (2004) Proceedings - IEEE Military Communications Conference MILCOM , vol.2 , pp. 711-716
    • Shaneman, K.1    Gray, S.2
  • 16
    • 0036732682 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of optical CDMA in access networks
    • Sep
    • A. Stok and E. H. Sargent, "The role of optical CDMA in access networks", IEEE Commun. Mag., vol. 40, no. 9, pp. 83-87, Sep. 2002.
    • (2002) IEEE Commun. Mag. , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 83-87
    • Stok, A.1    Sargent, E.H.2
  • 18
    • 29844433851 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cross-talk attack monitoring and localization in all-optical networks
    • DOI 10.1109/TNET.2005.860103
    • T. Wu and A. K. Somani, "Cross-talk attack monitoring and localization in all-optical networks", IEEE/ACM Trans. Netw., vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 1390-1401, Dec. 2005. (Pubitemid 43034144)
    • (2005) IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking , vol.13 , Issue.6 , pp. 1390-1401
    • Wu, T.1    Somani, A.K.2
  • 19
    • 0032070038 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The quantitative impact of survivable network architectures on service availability
    • May
    • M. R. Wilson, "The quantitative impact of survivable network architectures on service availability", IEEE Comm. Mag., vol. 36, no. 5, pp. 122-126, May 1998.
    • (1998) IEEE Comm. Mag. , vol.36 , Issue.5 , pp. 122-126
    • Wilson, M.R.1
  • 21
    • 58049154985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low-latency nonlinear fiber-based approach for data encryption and anti-jamming in optical network
    • U. S., Nov, Paper ThG 3
    • M. P. Fok and P. R. Prucnal, "Low-latency nonlinear fiber-based approach for data encryption and anti-jamming in optical network", presented at the 2008 IEEE/LEOS Annual Meeting, Newport Beach, U. S., Nov. 2008, Paper ThG 3.
    • (2008) The 2008 IEEE/LEOS Annual Meeting, Newport Beach
    • Fok, M.P.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 22
    • 77953114025 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical CDMA code wavelength conversion using PPLN to improve transmission security
    • Mar. 15
    • Z. Wang, A. Chowdhury, and P. R. Prucnal, "Optical CDMA code wavelength conversion using PPLN to improve transmission security", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 21, no. 6, pp. 383-385, Mar. 15, 2009.
    • (2009) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.21 , Issue.6 , pp. 383-385
    • Wang, Z.1    Chowdhury, A.2    Prucnal, P.R.3
  • 23
    • 1642602719 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of 20-Gb/s all-optical XOR gate by four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifier with RZ-DPSK modulated inputs
    • Mar
    • K. Chan, C. K. Chan, L. K. Chen, and F. Tong, "Demonstration of 20-Gb/s all-optical XOR gate by four-wave mixing in semiconductor optical amplifier with RZ-DPSK modulated inputs", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 897-899, Mar. 2004.
    • (2004) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.16 , Issue.3 , pp. 897-899
    • Chan, K.1    Chan, C.K.2    Chen, L.K.3    Tong, F.4
  • 26
    • 77954258902 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Polarization effect on optical XOR performance based on four wave mixing
    • Aug. 1
    • M. P. Fok and P. R. Prucnal, "Polarization effect on optical XOR performance based on four wave mixing", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 15, pp. 1096-1098, Aug. 1, 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.22 , Issue.15 , pp. 1096-1098
    • Fok, M.P.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 27
    • 0034292767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of 20 Gbit/s all-optical logic XOR in integrated SOA-based interferometric wavelength converter
    • DOI 10.1049/el:20001302
    • T. Fjelde, D. Wolfson, A. Kloch, B. Dagens, A. Coquelin, I. Guillemot, F. Gaborit, F. Poingt, and M. Renaud, "Demonstration of 20 Gbit/s alloptical logic XOR in integrated SOA-based interferometric wavelength converter", Electron. Lett., vol. 36, no. 22, pp. 1863-1864, Oct. 26, 2000. (Pubitemid 32020501)
    • (2000) Electronics Letters , vol.36 , Issue.22 , pp. 1863-1864
    • Fjelde, T.1    Wolfson, D.2    Kloch, A.3    Dagens, B.4    Coquelin, A.5    Guillemot, I.6    Gaborit, F.7    Poingt, F.8    Renaud, M.9
  • 28
    • 84975580517 scopus 로고
    • Ultrafast all-optical logic operations in a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer with two control beams
    • Feb
    • M. Jinno and T. Matsumoto, "Ultrafast all-optical logic operations in a nonlinear Sagnac interferometer with two control beams", Opt. Lett., vol. 16, pp. 220-222, Feb. 1991.
    • (1991) Opt. Lett. , vol.16 , pp. 220-222
    • Jinno, M.1    Matsumoto, T.2
  • 29
    • 0035303583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 5-Gb/s XOR optical gate based on cross-polarization modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers
    • DOI 10.1109/68.917843, PII S104111350103124X
    • H. Soto, D. Erasme, and G. Guekos, "5-Gb/s XOR optical gate based on cross-polarization modulation in semiconductor optical amplifiers", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 335-337, Apr. 2001. (Pubitemid 32456269)
    • (2001) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters , vol.13 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-337
    • Soto, H.1    Erasme, D.2    Guekos, G.3
  • 30
    • 0036772892 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-optical XOR gate using semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam
    • DOI 10.1109/LPT.2002.801841, PII 1011092002801841
    • J. H. Kim, Y. M. Jhon, Y. T. Byun, S. Lee, D. H. Woo, and S. H. Kim, "All optical XOR gate using semiconductor optical amplifiers without additional input beam", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 14, no. 10, pp. 1436-1438, Oct. 2002. (Pubitemid 35250442)
    • (2002) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters , vol.14 , Issue.10 , pp. 1436-1438
    • Kim, J.H.1    Jhon, Y.M.2    Byun, Y.T.3    Lee, S.4    Woo, D.H.5    Kim, S.H.6
  • 31
    • 69949106866 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 160 Gb/s time-domain channel extraction/insertion and all-optical logic operations exploiting a single PPLN waveguide
    • Oct. 1
    • A. Bogoni, X. Wu, I. Fazal, and A. E. Willner, "160 Gb/s time-domain channel extraction/insertion and all-optical logic operations exploiting a single PPLN waveguide", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 27, no. 19, pp. 4221-4227, Oct. 1, 2009.
    • (2009) J. Lightw. Technol. , vol.27 , Issue.19 , pp. 4221-4227
    • Bogoni, A.1    Wu, X.2    Fazal, I.3    Willner, A.E.4
  • 33
    • 0032710760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-optical pseudorandom number generator
    • Jan
    • A. J. Poustie, K. J. Blow, R. J. Manning, and A. E. Kelly, "All-optical pseudorandom number generator", Opt. Commun., vol. 159, no. 4-6, pp. 208-214, Jan. 1999.
    • (1999) Opt. Commun. , vol.159 , Issue.4-6 , pp. 208-214
    • Poustie, A.J.1    Blow, K.J.2    Manning, R.J.3    Kelly, A.E.4
  • 34
    • 33749334713 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-optical correlation employing single logic XOR gate with feedback
    • Sep
    • J. M. Martinez, J. Herrera, F. Ramos, and J. Marti, "All-optical correlation employing single logic XOR gate with feedback", Electron. Lett., vol. 42, pp. 1170-1171, Sep. 2006.
    • (2006) Electron. Lett. , vol.42 , pp. 1170-1171
    • Martinez, J.M.1    Herrera, J.2    Ramos, F.3    Marti, J.4
  • 35
    • 80051773955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-optical XOR gate with optical feedback using highly Ge-doped nonlinear fiber and a TOAD
    • submitted for publication
    • M. P. Fok and P. R. Prucnal, "All-optical XOR gate with optical feedback using highly Ge-doped nonlinear fiber and a TOAD", Appl. Opt., submitted for publication.
    • Appl. Opt.
    • Fok, M.P.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 36
    • 66349100728 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • All-optical encryption based on interleaved waveband switching modulation for optical network security
    • Apr
    • M. P. Fok and P. R. Prucnal, "All-optical encryption based on interleaved waveband switching modulation for optical network security", Opt. Lett., vol. 34, pp. 1315-1317, Apr. 2009.
    • (2009) Opt. Lett. , vol.34 , pp. 1315-1317
    • Fok, M.P.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 37
    • 40249088307 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • OCDM-based photonic layer "security" scalable to 100 Gbits/s for existing WDM networks [Invited]
    • DOI 10.1364/JON.6.000948
    • S. Etemad, A. Agarwal, T. Banwell, J. Jackel, R. Menendez, and P. Toliver, "OCDM-based photonic layer 'security' scalable to 100 Gbits/s for existing WDM networks [Invited]", J. Opt. Netw., vol. 6, pp. 948-967, 2007. (Pubitemid 351333486)
    • (2007) Journal of Optical Networking , vol.6 , Issue.7 , pp. 948-967
    • Etemad, S.1    Agarwal, A.2    Banwell, T.3    Jackel, J.4    Menendez, R.5    Toliver, P.6
  • 39
    • 36348984845 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scalable asynchronous incoherent optical CDMA [Invited]
    • DOI 10.1364/JON.6.000599
    • C. S. Brès, Y.-K. Huang, I. Glesk, and P. R. Prucnal, "Scalable asynchronous incoherent optical CDMA [Invited]", J. Opt. Netw., vol. 6, pp. 599-615, 2007. (Pubitemid 351333492)
    • (2007) Journal of Optical Networking , vol.6 , Issue.6 , pp. 599-615
    • Bres, C.-S.1    Huang, Y.-K.2    Glesk, I.3    Prucnal, P.R.4
  • 40
    • 15744366748 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Confidentiality performance of spectral-phase-encoded optical CDMA
    • DOI 10.1109/JLT.2005.844504
    • T. H. Shake, "Confidentiality performance of spectral-phase-encoded optical CDMA", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 1652-1663, Apr. 2005. (Pubitemid 40699810)
    • (2005) Journal of Lightwave Technology , vol.23 , Issue.4 , pp. 1652-1663
    • Shake, T.H.1
  • 41
    • 15744387141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Security performance of optical CDMA against eavesdropping
    • DOI 10.1109/JLT.2004.838844
    • T. H. Shake, "Security performance of optical CDMA against eavesdropping", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 655-670, Feb. 2005. (Pubitemid 40414833)
    • (2005) Journal of Lightwave Technology , vol.23 , Issue.2 , pp. 655-670
    • Shake, T.H.1
  • 42
    • 34548620099 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental investigation of security issues in O-CDMA
    • DOI 10.1109/JLT.2006.883661
    • Z. Jiang, D. E. Leaird, and A. M. Weiner, "Experimental investigation of security issues in O-CDMA", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 24, no. 11, pp. 4228-4234, Nov. 2006. (Pubitemid 44824120)
    • (2006) Journal of Lightwave Technology , vol.24 , Issue.11 , pp. 4228-4234
    • Jiang, Z.1    Leaird, D.E.2    Weiner, A.M.3
  • 43
    • 27844600637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Network applications of cascaded passive code translation for WDM-compatible spectrally phase-encoded optical CDMA
    • DOI 10.1109/JLT.2005.856285
    • R. C. Menendez, P. Toliver, S. Galli, A. Agarwal, J. Jackel, J. Young, S. Etemad, A. Agarwal, and T. Banwell, "Network applications of cascaded passive code translation for WDM-compatible spectrally phase-encoded optical CDMA", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 3219-3231, Oct. 2005. (Pubitemid 41656179)
    • (2005) Journal of Lightwave Technology , vol.23 , Issue.10 , pp. 3219-3231
    • Menendez, R.C.1    Toliver, P.2    Galli, S.3    Agarwal, A.4    Banwell, T.5    Jackel, J.6    Young, J.7    Etemad, S.8
  • 44
    • 39749141002 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Towards a cryptanalysis of spectral-phase encoded optical CDMA with phase-scrambling
    • Anaheim, CA, Mar
    • S. Goldberg, R. Menendez, and P. Prucnal, "Towards a cryptanalysis of spectral-phase encoded optical CDMA with phase-scrambling", in Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conf., Anaheim, CA, Mar. 2007.
    • (2007) Proc. Optical Fiber Communication Conf.
    • Goldberg, S.1    Menendez, R.2    Prucnal, P.3
  • 45
    • 77953107500 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation on the security performance of incoherent optical CDMA Code
    • Jun. 15
    • Z. Wang, J. Chang, and P. R. Prucnal, "Theoretical analysis and experimental investigation on the security performance of incoherent optical CDMA Code", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1761-1769, Jun. 15, 2010.
    • (2010) J. Lightw. Technol. , vol.28 , Issue.12 , pp. 1761-1769
    • Wang, Z.1    Chang, J.2    Prucnal, P.R.3
  • 46
    • 33847682776 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characterization of a full encoder/decoder in the AWG configuration for code-based photonic routers-Part II: Experiments and applications
    • Jan
    • N. Wada, G. Cincotti, S. Yoshima, N. Kataoka, and K. Kitayama, "Characterization of a full encoder/decoder in the AWG configuration for code-based photonic routers-Part II: Experiments and applications", J. Lightw. Technol., vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 113-121, Jan. 2006.
    • (2006) J. Lightw. Technol. , vol.24 , Issue.1 , pp. 113-121
    • Wada, N.1    Cincotti, G.2    Yoshima, S.3    Kataoka, N.4    Kitayama, K.5
  • 47
    • 80051711921 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secure 2.5 Gbit/s, 16-ary OCDM block-ciphering with XOR using a single multi-port en/decoder and its transmission experiment with true clock recovery
    • Paper OThI3
    • T. Kodama et al., "Secure 2.5 Gbit/s, 16-ary OCDM block-ciphering with XOR using a single multi-port en/decoder and its transmission experiment with true clock recovery", in Proc. OFC, 2009, Paper OThI3.
    • (2009) Proc. OFC
    • Kodama, T.1
  • 48
    • 77958003024 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • High-security 2.5 Gbps, polarization multiplexed 256-ary OCDM using a single multi-port encoder/decoder
    • T. Kodama et al., "High-security 2.5 Gbps, polarization multiplexed 256-ary OCDM using a single multi-port encoder/decoder", Opt. Express, vol. 18, pp. 21376-21385, 2010.
    • (2010) Opt. Express , vol.18 , pp. 21376-21385
    • Kodama, T.1
  • 49
    • 58149141790 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Coherent detection in optical fiber systems: Erratum
    • E. Ip, A. P. Lau, D. J. Barros, and J. M. Kahn, "Coherent detection in optical fiber systems: Erratum", Opt. Express, vol. 16, pp. 21943-21943, 2008.
    • (2008) Opt. Express , vol.16 , pp. 21943-21943
    • Ip, E.1    Lau, A.P.2    Barros, D.J.3    Kahn, J.M.4
  • 50
    • 33847698517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Electronic compensation of chromatic dispersion using a digital coherent receiver
    • DOI 10.1364/OE.15.002120
    • S. J. Savory, G. Gavioli, R. I. Killey, and P. Bayvel, "Electronic compensation of chromatic dispersion using a digital coherent receiver", Opt. Express, vol. 15, pp. 2120-2126, 2007. (Pubitemid 46376876)
    • (2007) Optics Express , vol.15 , Issue.5 , pp. 2120-2126
    • Savory, S.J.1    Gavioli, G.2    Killey, R.I.3    Bayvel, P.4
  • 51
    • 77956367677 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secure optical transmission in a point-to-point link with encrypted wireless CDMA codes
    • Oct. 1
    • Z. Wang, L. Xu, T. Wang, and P. R. Prucnal, "Secure optical transmission in a point-to-point link with encrypted wireless CDMA codes", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 1410-1412, Oct. 1, 2010.
    • (2010) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.22 , Issue.19 , pp. 1410-1412
    • Wang, Z.1    Xu, L.2    Wang, T.3    Prucnal, P.R.4
  • 52
    • 12344330569 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Experimental demonstration and scalability analysis of a four-node 102-Gchip/s fast frequency-hopping time-spreading optical CDMA network
    • DOI 10.1109/LPT.2004.838299
    • V. Baby, I. Glesk, R. J. Runser, R. Fischer, Y. K. Huang, C. S. Brès, W. C. Kwong, T. H. Curtis, and P. R. Prucnal, "Experimental demonstration and scalability analysis of a four-node 102-Gchip/s fast frequency-hopping time-spreading optical CDMA network", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 17, no. 1, pp. 253-255, Jan. 2005. (Pubitemid 40119018)
    • (2005) IEEE Photonics Technology Letters , vol.17 , Issue.1 , pp. 253-255
    • Baby, V.1    Glesk, I.2    Runser, R.J.3    Fischer, R.4    Huang, Y.-K.5    Bres, C.-S.6    Kwong, W.C.7    Curtis, T.H.8    Prucnal, P.R.9
  • 54
    • 33846556078 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Analysis of stealth communications over a public fiber-optical network
    • B. B. Wu and E. E. Narimanov, "Analysis of stealth communications over a public fiber-optical network", Opt. Express, vol. 15, pp. 289-301, 2007. (Pubitemid 46168471)
    • (2007) Optics Express , vol.15 , Issue.2 , pp. 289-301
    • Wu, B.B.1    Narimanov, E.E.2
  • 55
    • 40249117572 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Secure transmission over an existing public WDM lightwave network
    • Sep. 1
    • B. Wu, P. R. Prucnal, and E. E. Narimanov, "Secure transmission over an existing public WDM lightwave network", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 18, no. 17, pp. 1870-1872, Sep. 1, 2006.
    • (2006) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.18 , Issue.17 , pp. 1870-1872
    • Wu, B.1    Prucnal, P.R.2    Narimanov, E.E.3
  • 56
    • 51349092053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Steganographic fiber-optic transmission using coherent spectral-phase-encoded optical CDMA
    • San Jose, CA, Paper CFF5
    • B. Wu, A. Agrawal, I. Glesk, E. Narimanov, S. Etemad, and P. Prucnal, "Steganographic fiber-optic transmission using coherent spectral-phase-encoded optical CDMA", presented at the CLEO/QELS, San Jose, CA, 2008, Paper CFF5.
    • (2008) The CLEO/QELS
    • Wu, B.1    Agrawal, A.2    Glesk, I.3    Narimanov, E.4    Etemad, S.5    Prucnal, P.6
  • 58
    • 36949017976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Combining cryptographic and steganographic security with self-wrapped optical code division multiplexing techniques
    • DOI 10.1049/el:20071981
    • Y.-K. Huang, B. Wu, I. Glesk, E. E. Narimanov, T. Wang, and P. R. Prucnal, "Combining cryptographic and steganographic security with self-wrapped optical code division multiplexing techniques", Electron. Lett., vol. 43, pp. 1449-1451, 2007. (Pubitemid 350242749)
    • (2007) Electronics Letters , vol.43 , Issue.25 , pp. 1449-1451
    • Huang, Y.-K.1    Wu, B.2    Glesk, I.3    Narimanov, E.E.4    Wang, T.5    Prucnal, P.R.6
  • 59
    • 78650560758 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optical steganography over a public DPSK channel with asynchronous detection
    • Jan. 1
    • Z. Wang and P. R. Prucnal, "Optical steganography over a public DPSK channel with asynchronous detection", IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 48-50, Jan. 1, 2011.
    • (2011) IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 48-50
    • Wang, Z.1    Prucnal, P.R.2
  • 60
    • 77953596385 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Demonstration of optical steganography transmission using temporal phase coded optical signals with spectral notch filtering
    • X. Hong, D. Wang, L. Xu, and S. He, "Demonstration of optical steganography transmission using temporal phase coded optical signals with spectral notch filtering", Opt. Express, vol. 18, pp. 12415-12420, 2010.
    • (2010) Opt. Express , vol.18 , pp. 12415-12420
    • Hong, X.1    Wang, D.2    Xu, L.3    He, S.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.