Israeli supreme court doctrine and the battle over Arab land in Galilee: A Vertic al assessment

Journal of Palestine Studies

Volumn 40, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 24-44

  Forman, Geremy ^a  

^a TEL AVIV UNIVERSITY   (Israel)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ACADEMIC RESEARCH; DISPUTE RESOLUTION; LAND MANAGEMENT; LAND RIGHTS;

GALILEE; ISRAEL; NORTHERN DISTRICT;

EID: 80051739078     PISSN: 0377919X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1525/jps.2011.XL.4.24     Document Type: Article

References (114)

1. Geremy Forman, "Israeli Settlement of Title in Arab Areas: The Special Land Settlement Operation in Northern Israel (1955-1967)," Ph.D. dissertation, University of Haifa, 2005, pp. 52-55.
2. Alexandre Kedar, "The Legal Transformation of Ethnic Geography: Israeli Law and the Palestinian Landholder 1948-1967," New York University Journal of International Law and Politics 33, no. 4 (2001), pp. 923-1000, see especially p. 970.
3. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation.
4. Frederick Schauer, "Opinions as Rules," University of Chicago Law Review 53 (1986), pp. 682-89 especially p. 682
5. Yifat Holzman-Gazit's article, "Law, Personal Preferences and Institutional Theory: The Development of Land Expropriation Law in District Courts," Tel Aviv Law Review 29 (2006), pp. 311-75 [Hebrew]
6. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," p. 988
7. Haim Sandberg, Land Title Settlement in Eretz-Israel and in the State of Israel ( Jerusalem: Harry Sacher Institute for Legislative Research and Comparative Law, 2000), p. 350 [Hebrew].
8. For two recent studies that pay closer attention to the lower courts, see Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee," Journal of Historical Geography 32 (2006), pp. 796- 817;
9. Holzman-Gazit, "Law, Personal Preferences and Institutional Theory."
10. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation."
11. Sandberg, Land Title Settlement, pp. 297-99.
12. Geremy Forman, "Settlement of Title in Northern Israel in Light of Sir Ernest Dowson's Colonial Guiding Principles," Israel Studies 7, no. 3 (2002), pp. 61-83
13. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation."
14. Geremy Forman and Alexandre Kedar "From Arab Land to 'Israel Lands': The Legal Dispossession of the Palestinians Displaced by Israel in the Wake of 1948," Environment and Planning D: Society and Space 22, no. 6 (2004), pp. 809-30. (Pubitemid 40133972)
15. Forman, "Settlement of Title in Northern Israel," pp. 68-71;
16. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," p. 950.
17. Stanley Fisher, Ottoman Land Laws (London: H. Milford, 1919), pp. 2-3 (and n. 1).
18. See Art. 68 and Art. 59 of the OLC in Fisher, Ottoman Land Laws, pp. 21, 24.
19. Forman, "Settlement of Title in Northern Israel," pp. 67-73.
20. "Suggestions for Land Settlement in the Areas under Military Government," 30 May 1956, ISA (74)
21. Forman, "Settlement of Title in Northern Israel"
22. Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee"
23. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation."
24. Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee," pp. 810-11.
25. Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee," p. 812.
26. Geremy Forman, "Liberal Reform in an Illiberal Land Regime: The Land Settlement Ordinance of 1960," Israel Studies 15, no. 1 (2010), pp. 47-72.
27. Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee," p. 802.
28. Forman, "Law and the Historical Geography of the Galilee."
29. Marc Galanter, "Why the 'Haves' Come Out Ahead: Speculations on the Limits of Legal Change," Law and Society Review 9, no. 1 (1974), p. 100.
30. E. M. Dowson, "Further Notes on Aeroplane Photography in the Near East," The Geographical Journal 58 (1921), pp. 367-68.
31. Ernest Dowson, "Direct Use of Air Photographs for Cadastral Purposes in Zanzibar, Pt. I, Problem and Proposed Solution 1935," PRO CO 852/1364/17.
32. Dav Gavish, A Survey of Palestine under the British Mandate, 1920-1928 (London: Routledge Curzon, 2005), pp. 187-89.
33. Sandberg, Land Title Settlement, p. 279.
34. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 982-83 and fn. 184, 185.
35. SOI v. Ahmad Qasem Dabagh [Hebrew], Bi'na/9, 18 January 1954
36. SOHN, ISA (33) 20527- bet/9
37. SOI v. Salah Nimr al-Ghadid [Hebrew], Sakhnin/27, 30 October 1959, SOHN, ISA (33) 20720-bet/27
38. SOI v. Idris and Salama v. CAP [Hebrew] Majd al-Krum/254, 28 January 1962, HDC, ISA (33) 20681-bet/254.
39. Summary of Meeting of Aharoni, Kokia, and Rosen 28 February 1958, ISA (74) 5742-gim/1. [Hebrew]
40. Geremy Forman, "Liberal Reform in an Illiberal Land Regime"
41. Alexandre Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 970-73
42. Statute of Limitations, 1958, Laws of Israel 251 (April 6, 1958), pp. 112-15 [Hebrew].
43. Forman, "Liberal Reform in an Illiberal Land Regime"
44. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 970-73.
45. SOI v. Abu-Saleh et al., Sakhnin/86 [Hebrew], 27 April 1960
46. SOHN, ISA (33) 20740-bet/796.
47. SOI v. Ahmed Nimr Badran [Hebrew], Bi'na/109, 30 September 1959
48. SOHN, ISA (30) 3957- bet/482
49. SOI v. Bashir et al. [Hebrew], Sakhnin/78, 27 April 1960
50. ISA (30) 3977- bet/276.
51. SOI v. Jiryis, Bi'na/217, in CA 524/59
52. Dr. M. Altes, December 1959, ISA (30) 3959-bet/524
53. Hanna Nakkarah and Menachem Waxman, undated, ISA (30) 3957-bet/482 [Hebrew].
54. Minutes of the Land Settlement Operations Committee, 31 June 1960, ISA (74) 5742-gimel/3 [Hebrew].
55. Decisions of the Israeli Supreme Court (herein DISC) 15 (1961), pp. 906-12 [Hebrew]
56. Minutes of the Knesset Law and Constitution Committee and the statute of limitations subcommittee, ISA (60) 112-kaf/10 and 110-kaf/11 [Hebrew]
57. Summary of Meeting of Aharoni, Kokia, and Rosen 28 February 1958, ISA (74) 5742-gim/1 [Hebrew].
58. Letter from Altes to Saban, 17 April 1961, ISA (104) 3431-gimel/21 [Hebrew].
59. Badran v. SOI [Hebrew], CA 482/59, DISC 15 (1961), pp. 906-12.
60. Sandberg, Land Title Settlement, pp. 280-81, n. 54
61. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 981-82.
62. Habiby v. Government of Palestine, CA 65/40, 7 June 1940, Palestine Law Reports 7 (1940), pp. 290-91.
63. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 978-81.
64. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 978-81.
65. See Al 'Omar et al. v. SOI, CA 423/61, DISC 15 (1961), pp. 2552-54 [Hebrew].
66. Al 'Omar et al. v. SOI, CA 423/61.
67. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 979-80.
68. SOI. v. 'Arnum [Hebrew], Bi'na/14, 4 November 1959
69. SOHN, ISA (33) 20527-bet/14
70. SOI. v. 'Arnum [Hebrew], Bi'na/12, 4 November 1959
71. SOHN, ISA (33) 20527- bet/12
72. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," p. 980.
73. Courtroom minutes of SOI v. Badran [Hebrew], Bi'na/109, 26 August 1959
74. HDC, ISA (30) 3957-bet/482.
75. SOI v. 'Omar et al., Deir Hanna/391, 14 May 1961
76. HDC, ISA (30) 4525-bet/423 [Hebrew].
77. Al 'Omar et al. v. SOI, CA 423/61,DISC 15 (1961), pp. 2552-54, especially p. 2554 [Hebrew].
78. Sandberg, Land Title Settlement, p. 278, fn. 46.
79. Geremy Forman, "A Tale of Two Regions: Diffusion of the Israeli '50% Rule' from the Central Galilee to the Occupied West Bank," Law and Social Inquiry 34, no. 3 (2009), pp. 671-711.
80. See Article 6 of the OLC in Fisher, Ottoman Land Laws, p. 5.
81. C. A. Hooper, The Civil Law of Palestine and Transjordan (London: Sweet &Maxwell, Ltd., 1938), p. 328.
82. Mewat Land Ordinance, Official Gazette 38, 1 March 1921
83. Martin Bunton, Colonial Land Policies in Palestine, 1917-1936 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007), pp. 42-59.
84. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," pp. 953-64.
85. Courtroom minutes of SOI v. Badran et al. [Hebrew], Bi'na/165, 18 June 1961, HDC, ISA (30) 4530-bet/518.
86. SOI. v. Badran et al., Bi'na/165, 5 September 1961, HDC, ISA (30) 4530- bet/518.
87. Saleh Badran v. SOI, 1720.
88. David Grossman, Expansion and Desertion: The Arab Village and Its Off- Shoots in Ottoman Palestine (Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi, 1994) [Hebrew], pp. 46-48, 290-92.
89. SOI v. Badran [Hebrew], Bi'na/165, 14 July 1961, HDC, ISA (30) 4530-bet/518.
90. Saleh Badran v. SOI, 1720.
91. Mewat Land Ordinance.
92. Revised Edition of the Laws Ordinance, No. 29 of 1934, Official Gazette 468 (suppl. 1), pp. 193-95.
93. Revised Edition of the Laws Ordinance (No. 2), No. 31 of 1934, Official Gazette 468, pp. 223, 225.
94. Courtroom minutes of SOI v. Badran et al. [Hebrew], Bi'na/165, 14 July 1961
95. HDC, ISA (30) 4530-bet/518.
96. SOI v. Badran [Hebrew], Bi'na/165, 14 July 1961
97. HDC, ISA (30) 4530-bet/518.
98. SOI v. Badran [Hebrew], Bi'na/165, 14 July 1961
99. HDC, ISA (30) 4530-bet/518.
100. State's notice of appeal in SOI v. Badran, Bi'na/165, Z. Teperburg, October 1961
101. Hanna Nakkarah and Menachem Waxman, in CA 518/61
102. ISA (30) 4530-bet/518 [Hebrew].
103. "Land (Settlement of Title), an Ordinance for the Settlement of Title to Land and Registration of Title Thereon," in S. Yehuda, ed., Settlement of Title Law in Israel (Haifa: Menasha Sidi, 1951), pp. 176-203 [Hebrew].
104. Debbas v. Attorney General, CA 217/42
105. Annotated Law Reports 1 (1943), pp. 205-8, especially p. 207.
106. "The Legal Status of Mewat Land," ISA (30) 4530-bet/518 [Hebrew].
107. On the application of these doctrines in the Negev, see Ronen Shamir, "Suspended in Space: Bedouins under the Law of Israel," Law and Society Review 30, no. 2 (1996), pp. 231-58. (Pubitemid 126097329)
108. Aviva Lori, "Reclaiming the Desert," Haaretz English Magazine, 27 August 2010, p. 16
109. Isabel Kershner, "A Test of Wills over a Patch of Desert," New York Times, 26 August 2010
110. Havatzelet Yahel, "Land Disputes between the Negev Bedouin and Israel," Israel Studies 11, no. 2 (2006).
111. Kedar, "The Legal Transformation," p. 999
112. Goldberg Commission Report [Hebrew], accessible at http://www.moch.gov. il/odot/rashut-beduim/Pages/goldberg. aspx (last accessed on 21 June 2011).
113. Frederick Schauer, "Opinions as Rules," p. 682.
114. Holzman- Gazit, "Law, Personal Preferences and Institutional Theory," p. 317.