메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 15, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 135-141

The management of patients with primary chronic anal fissure: A position paper

Author keywords

Anal fissure; Botulinum toxin; Calcium channel blockers; Glyceryl trinitrate; Sphincterotomy

Indexed keywords

BOTULINUM TOXIN; CALCIUM CHANNEL AFFECTING AGENT; CALCIUM CHANNEL BLOCKING AGENT; DILTIAZEM; GLYCERYL TRINITRATE; HYDROCORTISONE PLUS LIDOCAINE; LIDOCAINE PLUS NIFEDIPINE; NIFEDIPINE; NITRATE; PLACEBO; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

EID: 80051663855     PISSN: 11236337     EISSN: 1128045X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1007/s10151-011-0683-7     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (88)

References (77)
  • 1
    • 54449090977 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The management of anal fissure: ACPGBI position statement
    • Cross KL, Massey EJDA, Fowler AL, Monson JRT (2008) The management of anal fissure: ACPGBI position statement. Colo-rectal Dis 10(Suppl 3):1-7
    • (2008) Colo-rectal Dis , vol.10 , Issue.SUPPL. 3 , pp. 1-7
    • Cross, K.L.1    Ejda, M.2    Fowler, A.L.3    Jrt, M.4
  • 3
    • 80051668394 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • CKS/NHS Anal fissure, http://www.cks.nhs.uk/anal-fissure#-314 748
    • CKS/NHS Anal Fissure , vol.314 , pp. 748
  • 4
    • 0029843458 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1002/bjs.1800831006
    • Lund JN, Scholefield JH (1996) Aetiology and treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg 83:1335-1344 (Pubitemid 26342149)
    • (1996) British Journal of Surgery , vol.83 , Issue.10 , pp. 1335-1344
    • Lund, J.N.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 6
    • 0037221562 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • American gastroenterological association medical position statement: Diagnosis and care of patients with anal fissure
    • American Gastroenterology Association (AGA)
    • American Gastroenterology Association (AGA) (2003) American gastroenterological association medical position statement: diagnosis and care of patients with anal fissure. Gastroenterology 124:233-234
    • (2003) Gastroenterology , vol.124 , pp. 233-234
  • 7
    • 34648826794 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A review of chronic anal fissure management
    • DOI 10.1007/s10151-007-0355-9
    • Collins EE, Lund NJ (2007) A review of chronic anal fissure management. Tech Coloproctol 11:209-223 (Pubitemid 47459911)
    • (2007) Techniques in Coloproctology , vol.11 , Issue.3 , pp. 209-223
    • Collins, E.E.1    Lund, J.N.2
  • 9
    • 0031033634 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Re-examination of clinical manifestations and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02054993
    • Hananel N, Gordon PH (1997) Re-examination of clinical manifestation and response to therapy of fissure-in-ano. Dis Colon Rectum 40:229-233 (Pubitemid 27074297)
    • (1997) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.2 , pp. 229-233
    • Hananel, N.1    Gordon, P.H.2
  • 10
    • 33745651802 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: The treatment of anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2006.02990.x
    • Steele SR, Madoff RD (2006) Systematic review: treatment of anal fissure. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 24:247-257 (Pubitemid 43972893)
    • (2006) Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics , vol.24 , Issue.2 , pp. 247-257
    • Steele, S.R.1    Madoff, R.D.2
  • 12
    • 80051670385 scopus 로고
    • Thompson JPS Fissure-in-ano: The initial management and prognosis
    • Lock MR (1977) Thompson JPS Fissure-in-ano: the initial management and prognosis. Br J Surg 84:86-88
    • (1977) Br J Surg , vol.84 , pp. 86-88
    • Lock, M.R.1
  • 13
    • 53849083058 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hospital Episode Statistics Department of Health National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence.
    • Hospital Episode Statistics (2007) Hospital Episode Statistics 2005/2006. Department of Health. National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence. www.hesonline.nhs.uk
    • (2007) Hospital Episode Statistics 2005/2006.
  • 15
    • 80051673297 scopus 로고
    • The rectum, its diseases and developmental defects
    • London
    • Ball C (1908) The rectum, its diseases and developmental defects. Hodder and Stoughton, London
    • (1908) Hodder and Stoughton
    • Ball, C.1
  • 16
    • 0002706068 scopus 로고
    • Lectures on diseases of the rectum: Preternatural contraction of the sphincter ani
    • Brodie BC (1835) Lectures on diseases of the rectum: preternatural contraction of the sphincter ani. Lond Med Gazette 16:26-31
    • (1835) Lond Med Gazette , vol.16 , pp. 26-31
    • Brodie, B.C.1
  • 17
    • 0017349920 scopus 로고
    • The internal sphincter and anal fissure
    • Hancock BD (1977) The internal sphincter and anal fissure. Br J Surg 64:92-95 (Pubitemid 8033203)
    • (1977) British Journal of Surgery , vol.64 , Issue.2 , pp. 92-95
    • Hancock, B.D.1
  • 18
    • 0029816066 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical, manometric and sonographic assessment of the anal sphincters
    • DOI 10.1007/s003840050035
    • Favetta U, Amato A, Interisano A, Pescatori M (1996) Clinical, monometric and sonographic assessment of the anal sphincters. A comparative prospective study. Int J Colorectal Dis 11:163-166 (Pubitemid 26275833)
    • (1996) International Journal of Colorectal Disease , vol.11 , Issue.4 , pp. 163-166
    • Favetta, U.1    Amato, A.2    Interisano, A.3    Pescatori, M.4
  • 20
  • 21
    • 0026600071 scopus 로고
    • Role of nitric oxide as a mediator of internal anal sphincter relaxation
    • Rattan S, Chakder S (1992) Role of nitric oxide as a mediator of internal anal sphincter relaxation. Am J Physiol 262:G107-G112
    • (1992) Am J Physiol , vol.262
    • Rattan, S.1    Chakder, S.2
  • 22
    • 33749037731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Nitric oxide deficiency in the internal anal sphincter of patients with chronic anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1007/s00384-005-0757-y
    • Lund J (2006) Nitric oxide deficiency in the internal anal sphincter of patients with chronic anal fissure. Int J Colorectal Dis 21:673-675 (Pubitemid 44446070)
    • (2006) International Journal of Colorectal Disease , vol.21 , Issue.7 , pp. 673-675
    • Lund, J.N.1
  • 23
    • 0028226155 scopus 로고
    • Relationship between anal pressure and anodermal blood flow
    • Schouten WR, Briel JW, Auwerda JJ (1994) Relationship between anal pressure and anodermal blood flow. Dis Colon Rectum 37:664-669
    • (1994) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.37 , pp. 664-669
    • Schouten, W.R.1    Briel, J.W.2    Auwerda, J.J.3
  • 25
    • 0034850809 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of topical glyceryl trinitrate on anodermal blood flow in patients with chronic anal fissures
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1440-1622.2001.02182.x
    • Kua KB, Kocker HM, Kelkar A, Patel AG (2001) Effect of topical glyceryl trinitrate on anodermal blood flow in patients with chronic anal fissures. ANZ J Surg 71:548-550 (Pubitemid 32848248)
    • (2001) ANZ Journal of Surgery , vol.71 , Issue.9 , pp. 548-550
    • Kua, K.B.1    Kocher, H.M.2    Kelkar, A.3    Patel, A.G.4
  • 27
    • 0022639672 scopus 로고
    • Treatment of first episodes of acute anal fissure: Prospective randomised study of lignocaine ointment versus hydrocortisone ointment or warm sitz baths plus bran
    • Jensen SL (1986) Treatment of first episodes of acute anal fissure: prospective randomised study of lignocaine ointment versus hydrocortisone ointment or warm sitz baths plus bran. BMJ 292:1167-1169 (Pubitemid 16104642)
    • (1986) British Medical Journal , vol.292 , Issue.6529 , pp. 1167-1169
    • Jensen, S.L.1
  • 28
    • 0032871141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Local thermal stimulation relaxes hypertonic anal sphincter: Evidence of somatoanal reflex
    • Jiang JK, Chiu JH, Lin JK (1999) Local thermal stimulation relaxes hypertonic anal sphincter: evidence of somatoanal reflex. Dis Colon Rectum 42:1152-1159
    • (1999) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.42 , pp. 1152-1159
    • Jiang, J.K.1    Chiu, J.H.2    Lin, J.K.3
  • 29
    • 0020694827 scopus 로고
    • The conservative treatment of fissure-in-ano
    • DOI 10.1002/bjs.1800700312
    • Gough MJ, Lewis A (1983) The conservative treatment of fissure-in-ano. Br J Surg 70:175-176 (Pubitemid 13153363)
    • (1983) British Journal of Surgery , vol.70 , Issue.3 , pp. 175-176
    • Gough, M.J.1    Lewis, A.2
  • 30
    • 0023189334 scopus 로고
    • Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence
    • Jensen SL (1987) Maintenance therapy with unprocessed bran in the prevention of acute anal fissure recurrence. J R Soc Med 80:296-298 (Pubitemid 17122628)
    • (1987) Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine , vol.80 , Issue.5 , pp. 296-298
    • Jensen, S.L.1
  • 31
    • 0028106439 scopus 로고
    • Reversible chemical sfincterotomy by local application of glyceryl trinitrate
    • Loder PB, Kamm MA, Nicholls RJ, Phillips RK (1984) Reversible chemical sfincterotomy by local application of glyceryl trinitrate. Br J Surg 81:1386-1389
    • (1984) Br J Surg , vol.81 , pp. 1386-1389
    • Loder, P.B.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Nicholls, R.J.3    Phillips, R.K.4
  • 33
    • 0028817870 scopus 로고
    • Topical nitroglycerin therapy for anal fissures and ulcers
    • Gorfine SR (1995) Topical nitroglycerin therapy for anal fissures and ulcers. N Engl J Med 333:1156-1157
    • (1995) N Engl J Med , vol.333 , pp. 1156-1157
    • Gorfine, S.R.1
  • 34
    • 0030059831 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1002/bjs.1800830615
    • Lund JN, Armitage NC, Scholefield JH (1996) Use of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of anal fissure. Br J Surg 83:776-777 (Pubitemid 26000061)
    • (1996) British Journal of Surgery , vol.83 , Issue.6 , pp. 776-777
    • Lund, J.N.1    Armitage, N.C.2    Scholefield, J.H.3
  • 35
    • 0032856224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glyceryl trinitrate ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure - Results of a placebo-controlled trial and long-term follow-up
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02236691
    • Kennedy ML, Sowter S, Nguyen H, Lubowski DZ (1999) Glyceryl trinitrate ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a placebo-controlled trial and long-term follow-up. Dis Colon Rectum 42:1000-1006 (Pubitemid 29383827)
    • (1999) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.42 , Issue.8 , pp. 1000-1006
    • Kennedy, M.L.1    Sowter, S.2    Nguyen, H.3    Lubowski, D.Z.4
  • 36
    • 18544385660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures
    • Bailey HR, Beck DE, Billingham RP et al (2002) A study to determine the nitroglycerin ointment dose and dosing interval that best promote the healing of chronic anal fissures. Dis Colon Rectum 45:1192-1199
    • (2002) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.45 , pp. 1192-1199
    • Bailey, H.R.1    Beck, D.E.2    Billingham, R.P.3
  • 37
    • 18144447810 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure-healing or headache? Results of a mul-ticenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial
    • Altomare DF, Rinaldi M, Milito G et al (2000) Glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure-healing or headache? Results of a mul-ticenter, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trial. Dis Colon Rectum 43:174-179
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , pp. 174-179
    • Altomare, D.F.1    Rinaldi, M.2    Milito, G.3
  • 38
    • 0031025486 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A randomised, prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in treatment of anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)06090-4
    • Lund JN, Scholefield JH (1997) A randomised, prospective, double blind, placebo-controlled trial of glyceryl trinitrate ointment in treatment of anal fissure [published erratum appears in Lancet 349:656]. Lancet 349:11-14 (Pubitemid 27022984)
    • (1997) Lancet , vol.349 , Issue.9044 , pp. 11-14
    • Lund, J.N.1    Scholefield, J.H.2
  • 39
    • 1842474575 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A Systematic Review of Medical Therapy for Anal Fissure
    • DOI 10.1007/s10350-003-0079-5
    • Nelson R (2004) A systematic review of medical therapy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 47:422-431 (Pubitemid 38436646)
    • (2004) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 422-431
    • Nelson, R.1
  • 42
    • 39049195885 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Non surgical therapy for anal fissure
    • Nelson R (2006) Non surgical therapy for anal fissure. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 18:CD003431
    • (2006) Cochrane Database Syst Rev , vol.18
    • Nelson, R.1
  • 43
    • 33746097055 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 0.4% Nitroglycerin ointment: In the treatment of chronic anal fissure pain
    • DOI 10.2165/00003495-200666030-00006
    • Fenton C, Wellington K, Easthope SE (2006) 0.4% nitroglycerin ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure pain. Drugs 66:343-349 (Pubitemid 46291769)
    • (2006) Drugs , vol.66 , Issue.3 , pp. 343-349
    • Fenton, C.1    Wellington, K.2    Easthope, S.E.3
  • 44
    • 77956950108 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Optimal treatment duration of glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure: Results of a prospective randomized multicenter trial
    • Gagliardi G, Pascariello A, Altomare DF et al (2010) Optimal treatment duration of glyceryl trinitrate for chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective randomized multicenter trial. Tech Col-oproctol 14:241-248
    • (2010) Tech Col-oproctol , vol.14 , pp. 241-248
    • Gagliardi, G.1    Pascariello, A.2    Altomare, D.F.3
  • 45
    • 33746088848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • 0.4% nitroglycerin ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure pain: A viewpoint by Laurence R
    • Sands LR (2006) 0.4% nitroglycerin ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure pain: a viewpoint by Laurence R. Sands. Drugs 66:350-352
    • (2006) Sands. Drugs , vol.66 , pp. 350-352
    • Sands, L.R.1
  • 46
    • 0035074757 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical diltiazem ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2168.2001.01736.x
    • Knight JS, Birks M, Farouk R (2001) Topical diltiazem ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Br J Surg 88:553-556 (Pubitemid 32291237)
    • (2001) British Journal of Surgery , vol.88 , Issue.4 , pp. 553-556
    • Knight, J.S.1    Birks, M.2    Farouk, R.3
  • 47
    • 0033779955 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure and heal anal fissures without side effects
    • Carapeti EA, Kamm MA, Phillips RK (2000) Topical diltiazem and bethanechol decrease anal sphincter pressure and heal anal fissures without side effects. Dis Colon Rectum 43:1359-1362
    • (2000) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.43 , pp. 1359-1362
    • Carapeti, E.A.1    Kamm, M.A.2    Phillips, R.K.3
  • 48
    • 0037516822 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A prospective randomized trial of diltiazem and glyceryltrinitrate ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1463-1318.2003.00440.x
    • Bielecki K, Kolodziejczak M (2003) A prospective randomized trial of diltiazem and glyceryl trinitrate ointment in the treatment of chronic anal fissure. Colorectal Dis 5:256-257 (Pubitemid 36626151)
    • (2003) Colorectal Disease , vol.5 , Issue.3 , pp. 256-257
    • Bielecki, K.1    Kolodziejczak, M.2
  • 50
    • 0036848962 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: Results of a prospective, randomized, double-blind study
    • DOI 10.1007/s10350-004-6452-1
    • Perrotti P, Bove A, Antropoli C et al (2002) Topical nifedipine with lidocaine ointment vs. active control for treatment of chronic anal fissure: results of a prospective, randomized, doubleblind study. Dis Colon Rectum 45:1468-1475 (Pubitemid 35345872)
    • (2002) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.45 , Issue.11 , pp. 1468-1475
    • Perrotti, P.1    Bove, A.2    Antropoli, C.3    Molino, D.4    Antropoli, M.5    Balzano, A.6    De Stefano, G.7    Attena, F.8
  • 51
    • 0037337688 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is topical nifedipine effective for chronic anal fissures?
    • Merenstein D, Rosenbaum D (2003) Is topical nifedipine effective for chronic anal fissures? J Fam Pract 52:190-192
    • (2003) J Fam Pract , vol.52 , pp. 190-192
    • Merenstein, D.1    Rosenbaum, D.2
  • 52
    • 0038654278 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Topical nifedipine vs. topical glyceryl trinitrate for treatment of chronic anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1007/s10350-004-6660-8
    • Ezri T, Susmallian S (2003) Topical nifedipine vs topical glyceryl trinitrate for treatment of chronic anal fissure. Dis Col Rectum 46:805-808 (Pubitemid 36693401)
    • (2003) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.46 , Issue.6 , pp. 805-808
    • Ezri, T.1    Susmallian, S.2
  • 53
    • 0030810514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulin toxin: Early and long-term results
    • DOI 10.1007/BF02050924
    • Jost WH (1997) One hundred cases of anal fissure treated with botulinum toxin: early and long-term results. Dis Colon Rectum 40:1029-1032 (Pubitemid 27377578)
    • (1997) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.40 , Issue.9 , pp. 1029-1032
    • Jost, W.H.1
  • 54
    • 0034004444 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Influence of botulinum toxin site of injections on healing rate in patients with chronic anal fissure
    • DOI 10.1016/S0002-9610(99)00255-X, PII S000296109900255X
    • Maria G, Brisinda G, Bentivoglio AR, Cassetta A, Gui D, Alb-anese A (2000) Influence of botulinum toxin site of injections on healing rate in patients with chronic anal fissure. Am J Surg 179:46-50 (Pubitemid 30126009)
    • (2000) American Journal of Surgery , vol.179 , Issue.1 , pp. 46-50
    • Maria, G.1    Brisinda, G.2    Bentivoglio, A.R.3    Cassetta, E.4    Gui, D.5    Albanese, A.6
  • 56
    • 28644449494 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cost-saving effect of treatment algorithm for chronic anal fissure: A prospective analysis
    • DOI 10.1016/j.gassur.2005.07.007, PII S1091255X05005512
    • Essani R, Sarkisyan G, Beart RW, Ault G, Vukasin P, Kaiser AM (2005) Cost-saving effect of treatment algorithm for chronic anal fissure: a prospective analysis. J Gastrointest Surg 9:1237-1244 (Pubitemid 41751116)
    • (2005) Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery , vol.9 , Issue.9 , pp. 1237-1244
    • Essani, R.1    Sarkisyan, G.2    Beart, R.W.3    Ault, G.4    Vukasin, P.5    Kaiser, A.M.6
  • 57
    • 17544371712 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term results of botulinum toxin for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: Prospective clinical and manometric study
    • DOI 10.1007/s00384-004-0644-y
    • Arroyo A, Perez F, Serrano P et al (2005) Long-term results of botulinum toxin for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: prospective clinical and manometric study. Int J Colorectal Dis 20:267-271 (Pubitemid 40553007)
    • (2005) International Journal of Colorectal Disease , vol.20 , Issue.3 , pp. 267-271
    • Arroyo, A.1    Perez, F.2    Serrano, P.3    Candela, F.4    Calpena, R.5
  • 58
    • 0036185986 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effectiveness of higher doses of botulinum toxin to induce healing in patients with chronic anal fissures
    • DOI 10.1067/msy.2002.119314
    • Brisinda G, Maria G, Sganga G, Bentivoglio AR, Albanese A, Castagneto M (2002) Effectiveness of higher doses of botulinum toxin to induce healing in patients with chronic anal fissures. Surgery 131:179-184 (Pubitemid 34169544)
    • (2002) Surgery , vol.131 , Issue.2 , pp. 179-184
    • Brisinda, G.1    Maria, G.2    Sganga, G.3    Bentivoglio, A.R.4    Albanese, A.5    Castagneto, M.6
  • 60
    • 33748364767 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin A injection compared with topical nitroglycerin ointment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: A prospective randomized study
    • DOI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00722.x
    • Fruehauf H, Fried M, Wegmueller B, Bauerfeind P, Thumshirn M (2006) Efficacy and safety of botulinum toxin compared with topical nytroglycerin oinment for the treatment of chronic anal fissure: a prospective randomized study. Am J Gastroenterol 101:2107-2112 (Pubitemid 44337637)
    • (2006) American Journal of Gastroenterology , vol.101 , Issue.9 , pp. 2107-2112
    • Fruehauf, H.1    Fried, M.2    Wegmueller, B.3    Bauerfeind, P.4    Thumshirn, M.5
  • 61
    • 0000261333 scopus 로고
    • Streching of anal sphincters in treatment of fissure-in-ano
    • Watts JM, Bennett RC, Goligher JC (1964) Streching of anal sphincters in treatment of fissure-in-ano. Br Med J 2:342-343
    • (1964) Br Med J , vol.2 , pp. 342-343
    • Watts, J.M.1    Bennett, R.C.2    Goligher, J.C.3
  • 62
    • 0026552677 scopus 로고
    • Precise anorectal sphincter dilatation-its role in the therapy of anal fissure
    • Sohn N, Eisenberg MM, Weinstein MA, Lugo RN, Ader J (1992) Precise anorectal sphincter dilatation-its role in the therapy of anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 35:322-327
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , pp. 322-327
    • Sohn, N.1    Eisenberg, M.M.2    Weinstein, M.A.3    Lugo, R.N.4    Ader, J.5
  • 63
    • 0018730999 scopus 로고
    • A randomized controlled trial to compare anal dilatation with lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure
    • Marby M, Alexander-Williams J, Buchmann P et al (1979) A randomized controlled trial to compare anal dilatation with lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy for anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 22:308-311 (Pubitemid 10220376)
    • (1979) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.22 , Issue.5 , pp. 308-311
    • Marby, M.1    Alexander-Williams, J.2    Buchmann, P.3
  • 64
    • 0021178286 scopus 로고
    • Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano in outpatients: A prospective randomised study
    • Jensen SL, Lund F, Nielsen OV, Tange G (1984) Lateral subcutaneous sphincterotomy versus anal dilatation in the treatment of fissure in ano in outpatients. A prospective randomized study. BMJ 289:528-530 (Pubitemid 14002080)
    • (1984) British Medical Journal , vol.289 , Issue.6444 , pp. 528-530
    • Jensen, S.L.1    Lund, F.2    Nielsen, O.V.3    Tange, G.4
  • 65
    • 0027179167 scopus 로고
    • Risk of sphincter damage and anal incontinence after anal dilatation for fissure-in-ano: An endosonographic study
    • Nielsen MB, Rasmussen OO, Pedersen JF, Christiansen J (1993) Risk of sphincter damage and anal incontinence after anal dilatation for fissure-in-ano. An endosonographic study. Dis Colon Rectum 36:677-680 (Pubitemid 23206323)
    • (1993) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.36 , Issue.7 , pp. 677-680
    • Nielsen, M.B.1    Rasmussen, O.O.2    Pedersen, J.F.3    Christiansen, J.4
  • 66
    • 13744249836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumatic balloon dilation for chronic anal fissure: A prospective, clinical, endosonographic, and manometric study
    • Renzi A, Brusciano L, Pescatori M et al (2005) Pneumatic balloon dilation for chronic anal fissure: a prospective, clinical, endosonographic, and manometric study. Dis Colon Rectum 48:121-126
    • (2005) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.48 , pp. 121-126
    • Renzi, A.1    Brusciano, L.2    Pescatori, M.3
  • 67
    • 67349088468 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Comparison of controlled-intermittent anal dilatation and lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissures: A prospective, randomized study
    • Yucel T, Gonullu D, Oncu M, Koksoy FN, Ozkan SG, Aycan O (2009) Comparison of controlled-intermittent anal dilatation and lateral internal sphincterotomy in the treatment of chronic anal fissures: a prospective, randomized study. Int J Surg 7:228-231
    • (2009) Int J Surg , vol.7 , pp. 228-231
    • Yucel, T.1    Gonullu, D.2    Oncu, M.3    Koksoy, F.N.4    Ozkan, S.G.5    Aycan, O.6
  • 68
    • 0018857928 scopus 로고
    • Surgical correction of chronic anal fissure: Results of lateral internal sphincterotomy vs. fissurectomy-midline sphincterotomy
    • Abcarian H (1980) Surgical correction of chronic anal fissure: results of lateral internal sphincterotomy vs fissurectomy-midline sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 23:31-36 (Pubitemid 10131559)
    • (1980) Diseases of the Colon and Rectum , vol.23 , Issue.1 , pp. 31-36
    • Abcarian, H.1
  • 69
    • 0020674184 scopus 로고
    • The anal dilator in the conservative management of acute anal fissures
    • DOI 10.1002/bjs.1800700109
    • McDonald P, Driscoll AM, Nicholls RJ (1983) The anal dilator in the conservative management of acute anal fissures. Br J Surg 70:25-26 (Pubitemid 13176023)
    • (1983) British Journal of Surgery , vol.70 , Issue.1 , pp. 25-26
    • McDonald, P.1    Driscoll, A.M.2    Nicholes, R.J.3
  • 70
    • 0014619818 scopus 로고
    • The treatment of chronic fissure-in-ano. A trial of methods
    • Hawley PR (1969) The treatment of chronic fissure-in-ano. A trial of methods. Br J Surg 56:915-918
    • (1969) Br J Surg , vol.56 , pp. 915-918
    • Hawley, P.R.1
  • 71
    • 79953318854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prospective clinical trial comparing sphincterotomy, nitroglyc-erin ointment and xylocaine/lactulose combination for the treatment of anal fissure
    • Karamanlis E, Michalopoulos A, Papadopoulos V et al. (2010) Prospective clinical trial comparing sphincterotomy, nitroglyc-erin ointment and xylocaine/lactulose combination for the treatment of anal fissure. Tech Coloproctol 14(Suppl 1):S21-S23
    • (2010) Tech Coloproctol , vol.14 , Issue.SUPPL. 1
    • Karamanlis, E.1    Michalopoulos, A.2    Papadopoulos, V.3
  • 72
    • 0021336385 scopus 로고
    • Adequate internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: Subcutaneous or open technique?
    • Boulous PB, Araujo JG (1984) Adeguate internal sphincterotomy for chronic anal fissure: subcutaneous or open technique? Br J Surg 71:360-362 (Pubitemid 14137713)
    • (1984) British Journal of Surgery , vol.71 , Issue.5 , pp. 360-362
    • Boulos, P.B.1    Araujo, J.G.C.2
  • 73
    • 0026792935 scopus 로고
    • Chronic fissure in ano: A randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy
    • Kortbeek JB, Langevin JM, Khoo RE, Heine JA (1992) Chronic fissure in ano: a randomized study comparing open and subcutaneous lateral internal sphincterotomy. Dis Colon Rectum 35:835-837
    • (1992) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.35 , pp. 835-837
    • Kortbeek, J.B.1    Langevin, J.M.2    Khoo, R.E.3    Heine, J.A.4
  • 76
    • 0028804565 scopus 로고
    • Lateral sphincterotomy compared with anal advancement flap for chronic anal fissure
    • Leong AF, Seow-Choen F (1995) Lateral sphincterotomy compared with anal advancement flap for chronic anal fissure. Dis Colon Rectum 38:69-71
    • (1995) Dis Colon Rectum , vol.38 , pp. 69-71
    • Leong, A.F.1    Seow-Choen, F.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.