New developments in the field: The effects of bullying and peer victimization on sexual-minority and heterosexual youths: A quantitative meta-analysis of the literature

Journal of GLBT Family Studies

Volumn 7, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 398-418

  Fedewa, Alicia L ^a   Ahn, Soyeon ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MIAMI   (United States)

Author keywords

Bullying; Homophobic epithets; Meta analysis; Peer victimization; Sexual minority youths

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051615051     PISSN: 1550428X     EISSN: 15504298     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/1550428X.2011.592968     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. Adams, N., Cox, T., & Dunstan, L. (2004). "I am the hate that dare not speak its name": Dealing with homophobia in secondary schools. Educational Psychology in Practice, 20(3), 259-269.
2. Barker, E. D., Arseneault, L., Brendgen, M., Fontaine, N., & Maughan, B. (2008). Joint development of bullying and victimization in adolescence: Relations to delinquency and self-harm. Journal of American Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(9), 1030-1038.
3. Barney, D. (2003). Health risk-factors for gay American Indian and Alaskan native adolescent males. Journal of Homosexuality, 46(1), 137-157.
4. Becker, B. J. (2000). Multivariate meta-analysis. In H. E. A. Tinsley & S. Brown (Eds.), Handbook of applied and multivariate statistics and mathematical modeling (pp. 499-525). San Diego: Academic Press.
5. Berlan, E. D., Corliss, H. L., Field, A. E., Goodman, E., & Austin, S. B. (2010). Sexual orientation and bullying among adolescents in the growing up today study. Journal of Adolescent Health, 46, 366-371.
6. Birkett, M., Espelage, D., & Koenig, B. (2009). GLB and questioning students in school: The moderating effects of homophobic bullying and school climate on negative outcomes. Journal of Youth and Adolescents, 38(7), 989-1000.
7. Bontempo, D., & D'Augelli, A. R. (2002). Effects of at-school victimization and sexual orientation on gay, lesbian, or bisexual youths' health risk behavior. Journal of Adolescent Health, 30, 364-374.
8. Borenstein, M. (2009). Effect sizes for continuous data. In H. M. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2nd ed.). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
9. Canter, A. S. (2005). Bullying at school. Principal, 85(2), 42-45.
10. Cianciotto, J., & Cahill, S. (2003). Education policy: Issues affecting gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender youth. New York: The National Gay and Lesbian Task Force Policy Institute.
11. Cooper, H. M., Hedges, L. V., & Valentine, J. C. (Eds.) (2009). The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2nd ed.). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
12. Craig, W., Pepler, D., & Blais, J. (2007). Responding to bullying: What works? School Psychology International, 28(4), 465-477.
13. Curry, T. P. (2009). Understanding the experience of suicidality during adolescence among lower socioeconomic strata gay males: An exploratory qualitative research study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Capella University.
14. D'Augelli, A. R. (1995). Lesbian and gay male development: Steps toward an analysis of lesbians' and gay men's lives. In B. Green & G. M. Herek (Eds.), Lesbian and gay psychology: Theory, research, and clinical applications (pp. 188-132). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
15. D'Augelli, A., Grossman, A., Salter, N., Vasey, J., Starks, M., & Sinclair, K. (2005). Predicting the suicide attempts of gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 35(6), 646-660.
16. D'Augelli, A., Grossman, A., & Starks, M. (2006). Childhood gender atypicality, victimization, and PTSD among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 21, 1462-1482.
17. D'Augelli, A. R., Pilkington, N. W., & Hershberger, S. L. (2002). Incidence and mental health impact of sexual orientation victimization of gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths in high school. School Psychology Quarterly, 17, 148-167.
18. Espelage, D. L., Aragon, S. R., Birkett, M., & Koenig, B. W. (2008). Homophobic teasing, psychological outcomes, and sexual orientation among high school students: What influence do parents and schools have? School Psychology Review, 37(2), 202-216.
19. Espelage, D. L., & Swearer, S. M. (2008). Addressing research gaps in the intersection between homophobia and bullying. School Psychology Review, 37(2), 155-159.
20. Fleiss, J. L., & Berlin, J. A. (2009). Effect sizes for dichotomous data. In H. M. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2nd ed., pp. 237-253). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
21. Floyd, F. J., & Stein, T. S. (2002). Sexual orientation identity formation among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Multiple patterns of milestone experiences. Journal of Research on Adolescence, 12, 167-191.
22. Friedman, M. S., Koeske, G. F., Silvestre, A. J., Korr, W. S., & Sites, E. W. (2006). The impact of gender-role nonconforming behavior, bullying, and social support on suicidality among gay male youth. Journal of Adolescent Health, 38, 621-623.
23. Garofalo, R., Wolf, R., Kessel, S., Palfrey, J., & DuRant, R. (1998). The association between health risk behaviors and sexual orientation among a school-based sample of adolescents. Pediatrics, 101, 895-902.
24. Graybill, E., Varjas, K., & Watson, L. (2009). Content-specific strategies to advocate for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: An exploratory study. School Psychology Review, 38(4), 570-584.
25. Gleser, L. J., & Olkin, I. (2009). Stochastically dependent effect sizes. In H. M. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2nd ed.). New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
26. Grov, C., Bimbi, D. S., Nanin, J. E., & Parsons, J. T. (2006). Race, ethnicity, gender, and generational factors associated with the coming-out process among gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. The Journal of Sex Research, 43, 115-121.
27. Gruber, J., & Fineran, S. (2008). Comparing the impact of bullying and sexual harassment victimization on the mental and physical health of adolescents. Sex Roles, 59(1/2), 1-13.
28. Hedges, L. V., & Olkin, I. (1985). Statistical methods for meta-analysis. Orlando, FL: Academic Press.
29. Hedges, L. V., & Vevea, J. L. (1998). Fixed- and random-effects models in meta- analysis. Psychological Methods, 3(4), 486-504.
30. Hershberger, A., Pilkington, N., & D'Augelli, A. (1997). Predictors of suicide attempts among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Journal of Adolescent Youth, 12, 477-497.
31. Kosciw, J. G., Greytak, E. A., Diaz, E. M., & Bartkiewicz, M. J. (2010). The 2009 national school climate survey: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender youth in our nation's schools. New York: GLSEN.
32. Kulkin, H. S. (2006). Factors enhancing adaptive coping and mental health in lesbian youth: A review of the literature. Journal of Homosexuality 50(4), 97-111.
33. Lipsey, M. W., & Wilson, M. W. (2001). Practical meta-analysis. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
34. Lock, J. (2002). Violence and sexual minority youth. Journal of School Violence, 1(3), 77-89.
35. Lock, J., & Steiner, H. (1999). Gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth risks for emotional, physical, and social problems: Results from a community-based survey. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 38(3), 297-304.
36. Marshal, M. P., Friedman, M. S., Stall, R., King, K. M., Miles, J., Gold, M. A., Bukstein, O. G., & Morse, J. Q. (2008). Sexual orientation and adolescent substance use: A meta-analysis and methodological review. Addiction, 103, 546-556.
37. McGuire, J., Anderson, C., Toomey, R., & Russell, S. (2010). School climate for transgender youth: A mixed method investigation of student experiences and school responses. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 39(10), 1175-1188.
38. McNamee, H., Lloyd, K., & Schubotz, D. (2008). Same sex attraction, homophobic bullying and mental health of young people in Northern Ireland. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(1), 33-46.
39. Morrison, L. L., & L'Heureux, J. (2001). Suicide and gay/lesbian/bisexual youth: Implications for clinicians. Journal of Adolescence, 24, 39-49.
40. Mufioz-Plaza, C., Quinn, S. C., & Rounds, K. A. (2002). Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender students: Perceived social support in the high school environment. The High School Journal, 85, 52-63.
41. Murdoch, T., & Bolch, M. (2005). Risk and protective factors for poor school adjustment in gay, lesbian, and bisexual (GLB) high school youth: Variable and person-centered analyses. Psychology in the Schools, 42(2), 159-171.
42. Poole, J. (2009). Shame on you; shame in me: The impact of degradation on males who identify as gay. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of North Carolina at Greensboro.
43. Poteat, P. V., & Espelage, D. L. (2007). Predicting psychosocial consequences of homophobic victimization in middle school students. Journal of Early Adolescence, 27(2), 175-191.
44. Raudenbush, S. W. (2009). Analyzing effect sizes: Random-effects models. In B. S. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis (2nd ed., pp. 295-315). New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
45. Rivers, I., & Noret, N. (2008). Well-being among same-sex and opposite-sex attracted youth at school. School Psychology Review, 37(2), 174-187.
46. Rosario, M., Hunter, J., Maguen, S., Gwadz, M., & Smith, R. (2001). The coming-out process and its adaptational and health-related associations among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Stipulation and exploration of a model. American Journal of Community Psychology, 29, 133-160.
47. Russell, S. T., Horn, S., Kosolow, J., & Saewyo, E. (2010). Social policy report: Safe schools policy for GLBTQ students. Child Development, 24(4), 1-24.
48. Sinclair, K. (2010). Sexual orientation victimization, minority stress, and adjustment in gay, lesbian, and bisexual youth. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Pennsylvania State University.
49. Strauss, S. (2007). Same-sex desire, suicidality, and the school climate: Extending Hirsch's theory of social control. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Columbia University.
50. Sutton, A. J. (2009). Publication bias. In B. S. Cooper, L. V. Hedges, & J. C. Valentine (Eds.), The handbook of research synthesis and meta-analysis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.
51. Swearer, S., Turner, R., Givens, J., & Pollack, W. (2008). "You're so gay!" Do different forms of bullying matter for adolescent males?School Psychology Review, 37(2), 160-173.
52. Toomey, R., Ryan, C., Diaz, R., Noel, C., & Russell, S. (2010). Gender-nonconforming lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender youth: School victimization and young adult psychosocial adjustment. Developmental Psychology, 46(6), 1580-1589.
53. Varjas, K., Dew, B., Marshall, M., Graybill, E. M., Singh, A., Meyers, J., & Birckbichler, L. (2008). Bullying in schools toward sexual minority youth. Journal of School Violence, 7(2), 59-86.
54. Wackerfuss, A. (2008). Homophobic bullying and same-sex desire in Anglo-American schools: An historical perspective. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Social Services, 19(3), 139-155.
55. Williams, T., Connolly, J., Pepler, D., & Craig, W. (2005). Peer victimization, social support, and psychosocial adjustment of sexual minority adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 34(5), 471-482.
56. Whitbeck, L., Chen, X., Hoyt, D., Tyler, K., & Johnson, K. (2004). Mental disorder, subsistence strategies, and victimization among gay, lesbian, and bisexual homeless and runaway adolescents. Journal of Sex Research, 41(4), 329-342.