China's 'networked authoritarianism'

Journal of Democracy

Volumn 22, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 32-46

  MacKinnon, Rebecca ^a  

^a NEW AMERICA FOUNDATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051608281     PISSN: 10455736     EISSN: 10863214     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1353/jod.2011.0033     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. Hillary Rodham Clinton, 'Remarks on Internet Freedom,' Washington, D.C., 21 January 2010; available at www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2010/01/135519.htm.
2. 'Chinese State Security Arrests, Indictments Doubled in 2008,' Dui Hua Human Rights Journal, 25 March 2009; available at www.duihua.org/hrjournal/2009/03/chinesestate- security-arrests.html.
3. Larry Diamond, 'Liberation Technology,' Journal of Democracy 21 (July 2010): 82.
4. Lokman Tsui, 'The Great Firewall as Iron Curtain 2.0: The Implications of China's Internet Most Dominant Metaphor for U.S. Foreign Policy,' paper presented at the sixth annual Chinese Internet Research Conference, Hong Kong University, 13-14 June 2008; available at http://jmsc.hku.hk/blogs/circ/files/2008/06/tsui_lokman.pdf.
5. Guobin Yang, The Power of the Internet in China: Citizen Activism Online (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009), 213.
6. Jack Linchuan Qiu, Working-Class Network Society: Communication Technology and the Information Have-Less in Urban China (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2009), 243.
7. Yongnian Zheng, Technological Empowerment: The Internet, State, and Society in China (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2008), 164-65.
8. Nicholas D. Kristof, 'Death by a Thousand Blogs,' New York Times, 24 May 2005; available at www.nytimes.com/2005/05/24/opinion/24kristoff.html.
9. Baogang He and Mark Warren, 'Authoritarian Deliberation: The Deliberative Turn in Chinese Political Development,' paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association, Boston, 28-31 August 2008; forthcoming, Perspectives on Politics, June 2011.
10. Min Jiang, 'Authoritarian Deliberation on Chinese Internet,' Electronic Journal of Communication 20 (2010); available at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_ id1439354.
11. Rebecca MacKinnon, 'Chinese Internet Research Conference: Getting Beyond 'Iron Curtain 2.0,'' RConversation, 18 June 2008; available at http://rconversation.blogs.com/rconversation/2008/06/chinese-inter-1.html.
12. 'The Internet in China,' Information Office of the State Council of the People's Republic of China (SCIO), 8 June 2010; available at http://china.org.cn/government/ whitepaper/node_7093508.htm.
13. Robert McManus, 'Chinese Premier Talks Up Internet of Things,' Read Write Web, 19 January 2010; available at www.readwriteweb.com/archives/chinese_premier_internet_ of_things.php.
14. Jonathan Ansfield, 'China Tests New Controls on Twitter-Style Services,' New York Times, 16 July 2010; available at www.nytimes.com/2010/07/17/world/asia/17beijing. html. The full Chinese-language text of the report (which was deleted by censors from the original source) was reproduced by Radio France Internationale at www.chinese.rfi.fr.
15. Xiao Qiang, 'Baidu's Internal Monitoring and Censorship Document Leaked,' China Digital Times, 30 April 2009; available at http://chinadigitaltimes.net/2009/04/baidus-internal-monitoring-and-censorship-document-leaked/.
16. Owen Fletcher, 'China Clamps Down on Internet Ahead of 60th Anniversary,' IDG News Service, 25 September 2009; available at www.pcworld.com/article/172627/china_clamps_down_on_internet_ahead_of_60th_anniversary.html
17. Oiwan Lam, 'China: Blue Dam Activated,' Global Voices Advocacy, 13 September 2009; available at http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/2009/09/13/china-blue-dam-activated.
18. Oiwan Lam, 'China: More than 100 Thousand Websites Shut Down,' Global Voices Advocacy, 3 February 2010; available at http://advocacy.globalvoicesonline.org/2010/02/03/china-more-than-100-thousand-websites-shut-down.
19. Josh Karamay, 'Blogger Describes Xinjiang as an 'Internet Prison,'' BBC News, 3 February 2010; available at http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/8492224.stm.
20. Nart Villeneuve, 'Breaching Trust: An Analysis of Surveillance and Security Practices on China's TOM-Skype Platform,' Open Net Initiative and Information Warfare Monitor, October 2008; available at: www.nartv.org/mirror/breachingtrust.pdf.
21. David Bandurski, 'China's Guerilla War for the Web,' Far Eastern Economic Review, July 2008.
22. SCIO, 'The Internet in China.'
23. Joshua Rosenzweig, 'Political Prisoners in China: Trends and Implications for U.S. Policy,' Testimony to the Congressional-Executive Committee on China, 3 August 2010; available at www.cecc.gov/pages/hearings/2010/20100803/statement5.php.
24. Ronald Deibert and Rafal Rohozinski, 'Control and Subversion in Russian Cyberspace,' in Ronald Deibert et al., eds., Access Controlled: The Shaping of Power, Rights, and Rule in Cyberspace (Cambridge: MIT Press, 2010), 23.
25. Deibert and Rohozinski, 'Control and Subversion in Russian Cyberspace,' in Access Controlled, 15-34.
26. 'MENA Overview,' Access Controlled, 523-35.
27. Michael Fitzpatrick, 'South Korea Wants to Gag the Noisy Internet Rabble,' Guardian.co.uk, 9 October 2008; available at www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2008/ oct/09/news.internet;
28. John Ribeiro, 'India's New IT Law Increases Surveillance Powers,' IDG News Service, 27 October 2009; available at www.networkworld.com/ news/2009/102709-indias-new-it-law-increases.html.
29. Deibert and Rohozinski, 'Beyond Denial: Introducing Next-Generation Information Access Controls,' 6.