Simulation of Io's auroral emission: Constraints on the atmosphere in eclipse

Icarus

Volumn 214, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 495-509

  Roth, Lorenz ^a   Saur, Joachim ^a   Retherford, Kurt D ^b   Strobel, Darrell F ^c   Spencer, John R ^d  

^a UNIVERSITY OF COLOGNE   (Germany)

^b SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

^c JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d SOUTHWEST RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Atmospheres, Structure; Io; Jupiter, Satellites

Indexed keywords

EID: 80051475198     PISSN: 00191035     EISSN: 10902643     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.icarus.2011.05.014     Document Type: Article

References (76)

1. Bagenal F. Empirical model of the Io plasma torus: Voyager measurements. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99(A6):11043-11062.
2. Ballester G.E., Moos H.W., Feldman P.D., Strobel D.F., Summers M.E., Bertaux J., Skinner T.E., Festou M.C., Lieske J.H. Detection of neutral oxygen and sulfur emissions near Io using IUE. Astrophys. J. 1987, 319:L33-L38.
3. Banks P.M., Kockarts G. Aeronomy 1973, vol. A. Academic Press, San Diego, Calif.
4. Bouchez A.H., Brown M.E., Schneider N.M. Eclipse spectroscopy of Io's Atmosphere. Icarus 2000, 148:316-319.
5. Chamberlain J.W., Hunten D.M. Theory of planetary atmospheres. An Introduction to their Physics and Chemistry, International Geophysics Series 1987, vol. 36. Academic Press Inc., Orlando, FL, USA.
6. Cheng A.F., et al. Long-Range Reconnaissance Imager on New Horizons. Space Sci. Rev. 2008, 140:189-215.
7. Clarke J.T., Ajello J., Luhmann J., Schneider N., Kanik I. Hubble Space Telescope UV spectral observations of Io passing into eclipse. J. Geophys. Res. 1994, 99:8387-8402.
8. Connerney J.E.P., Acuña M.H., Ness N.F., Satoh T. New models of Jupiter's magnetic field constrained by the Io flux tube footprint. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103:11929-11940.
9. Doering J.P. Absolute differential and integral electron excitation cross sections for atomic oxygen. IX - Improved cross section for the 3P-1D transition from 4.0 to 30eV. J. Geophys. Res. 1992, 97:19531-19534.
10. Doering J.P., Gulcicek E.E. Absolute differential and integral electron excitation cross sections for atomic oxygen. VII - The 3P-1D and 3P-1S transitions from 4.0 to 30eV. J. Geophys. Res. 1989, 94:1541-1546.
11. Doering J.P., Gulcicek E.E. Absolute differential and integral electron excitation cross sections for atomic oxygen. VIII - The 3P-5S0 transition (1356Å) from 13.9 to 30eV. J. Geophys. Res. 1989, 94:2733-2736.
12. Douté S., Schmitt B., Lopes-Gautier R., Carlson R., Soderblom L., Shirley J. Mapping SO2 frost on Io by the modeling of NIMS hyperspectral images. Icarus 2001, 149:107-132. Galileo NIMS Team.
13. Enemark E.A., Gallagher A. Electron excitation of the sodium D lines. Phys. Rev. A 1972, 6:192-205.
14. Feaga L.M., McGrath M.A., Feldman P.D. The abundance of atomic sulfur in the atmosphere of Io. Astrophys. J. 2002, 570:439-446.
15. Feaga L.M., McGrath M.A., Feldman P.D., Strobel D.F. Detection of atomic chlorine in Io's atmosphere with the Hubble Space Telescope GHRS. Astrophys. J. 2004, 610:1191-1198.
16. Feaga L.M., McGrath M., Feldman P.D. Io's dayside SO2 atmosphere. Icarus 2009, 201:570-584.
17. Fegley B., Zolotov M.Y. Chemistry of sodium, potassium, and chlorine in volcanic gases on Io. Icarus 2000, 148:193-210.
18. Frank L.A., Paterson W.R. Intense electron beams observed at Io with the Galileo spacecraft. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:28657-28670.
19. Frank L.A., Paterson W.R. Plasmas observed with the Galileo spacecraft during its flyby over Io's northern polar region. J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.) 2002, 107:1220-1238.
20. Geissler P.E., et al. Morphology and time variability of Io's visible aurora. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:26137-26146.
21. Geissler P.E., Goldstein D.B. Plumes and their Deposits 2007, Springer Praxis Books/Geophysical Sciences, pp. 163-192.
22. Geissler P.E., McEwen A.S., Ip W., Belton M.J.S., Johnson T.V., Smyth W.H., Ingersoll A.P. Galileo imaging of atmospheric emissions from Io. Science 1999, 285:870-874.
23. Geissler P., McEwen A., Porco C., Strobel D., Saur J., Ajello J., West R. Cassini observations of Io's visible aurorae. Icarus 2004, 172:127-140.
24. Gratiy S.L., Walker A.C., Levin D.A., Goldstein D.B., Varghese P.L., Trafton L.M., Moore C.H. Multi-wavelength simulations of atmospheric radiation from Io with a 3-D spherical-shell backward Monte Carlo radiative transfer model. Icarus 2010, 207:394-408.
25. Gurnett, D.A., Kurth, W.S., Persoon, A.M., Roux, A., Bolton, S.J. 2001a. An overview of Galileo plasma wave observations during the I31 and I32 flybys of Io. AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts.
26. Gurnett D.A., Persoon A.M., Kurth W.S., Roux A., Bolton S.J. Electron densities near Io from Galileo plasma wave observations. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:26225-26232.
27. Jacobsen S., Saur J., Neubauer F.M., Bonfond B., Gérard J., Grodent D. Location and spatial shape of electron beams in Io's wake. J. Geophy. Res. (Space Phys.) 2010, 115(A14):4205-4214.
28. Jessup, K., Spencer, J.R., 2008. Detailed analysis of the Tvashtar plume spectral behavior. In: Lunar Planet. Sci. 39 (Lunar and Planetary Inst. Technical Report) (abstract).
29. Jessup K.L., Spencer J.R., Ballester G.E., Howell R.R., Roesler F., Vigel M., Yelle R. The atmospheric signature of Io's Prometheus plume and anti-jovian hemisphere: Evidence for a sublimation atmosphere. Icarus 2004, 169:197-215.
30. Jessup K.L., Spencer J., Yelle R. Sulfur volcanism on Io. Icarus 2007, 192:24-40.
31. Kieffer S.W. Dynamics and thermodynamics of volcanic eruptions - Implications for the plumes on Io. Satellites of Jupiter 1982, 647-723. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ. D. Morrison (Ed.).
32. Kim Y. Scaling of plane-wave Born cross sections for electron-impact excitation of neutral atoms. Phys. Rev. A 2001, 64(3):32713-32722.
33. Kivelson M.G., Khurana K.K., Walker R.J., Warnecke J., Russell C.T., Linker J.A., Southwood D.J., Polanskey C. Lo's Interaction with the plasma torus: Galileo magnetometer report. Science 1996, 274:396-398.
34. Kivelson M.G., Bagenal F., Kurth W.S., Neubauer F.M., Paranicas C., Saur J. Magnetospheric interactions with satellites. Jupiter. The Planet, Satellites and Magnetosphere 2004, 513-536. Cambridge University Press. F. Bagenal (Ed.).
35. Lellouch E., Belton M., de Pater I., Paubert G., Gulkis S., Encrenaz T. The structure, stability, and global distribution of Io's atmosphere. Icarus 1992, 98:271-295.
36. Lellouch E., McGrath M.A., Jessup K.L. Io's Atmosphere 2007, Springer Praxis Books/Geophysical Sciences, pp. 231-264.
37. Lopes R.M.C., et al. Lava lakes on Io: Observations of Io's volcanic activity from Galileo NIMS during the 2001 fly-bys. Icarus 2004, 169:140-174.
38. Lopes-Gautier R., et al. Active volcanism on Io: Global distribution and variations in activity. Icarus 1999, 140:243-264.
39. McGrath M.A., Belton M.J.S., Spencer J.R., Sartoretti P. Spatially resolved spectroscopy of Io's Pele plume and SO2 atmosphere. Icarus 2000, 146:476-493.
40. Michael M., Bhardwaj A. FUV emissions on Io: Role of Galileo-observed field-aligned energetic electrons. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2000, 27:3137-3140.
41. Moore C.H., Goldstein D.B., Varghese P.L., Trafton L.M., Stewart B. 1-D DSMC simulation of Io's atmospheric collapse and reformation during and after eclipse. Icarus 2009, 201:585-597.
42. Moore C., Miki K., Goldstein D.B., Stapelfeldt K., Varghese P.L., Trafton L.M., Evans R.W. Monte Carlo modeling of Io's [OI] 6300 Å and [SII] 6716Å auroral emission in eclipse. Icarus 2010, 207:810-833.
43. Moses J.I., Zolotov M.Y., Fegley B. Alkali and chlorine photochemistry in a volcanically driven atmosphere on Io. Icarus 2002, 156:107-135.
44. Moullet A., Gurwell M.A., Lellouch E., Moreno R. Simultaneous mapping of SO2, SO, NaCl in Io's atmosphere with the Submillimeter Array. Icarus 2010, 208(1):353-365.
45. Neubauer F.M. The sub-Alfvénic interaction of the Galilean satellites with the jovian magnetosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103(E9):19843-19866.
46. Oliversen R.J., Scherb F., Smyth W.H., Freed M.E., Woodward R.C.J., Marconi M.L., Retherford K.D., Lupie O.L., Morgenthaler J.P. Sunlit Io atmospheric [OI] 6300Å emission and the plasma torus. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:26183-26194.
47. Porco C.C., et al. Cassini imaging of Jupiter's atmosphere, satellites, and rings. Science 2003, 299:1541-1547.
48. Radebaugh J., Keszthelyi L.P., McEwen A.S., Turtle E.P., Jaeger W., Milazzo M. Paterae on Io: A new type of volcanic caldera?. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:33005-33020.
49. Retherford, K.D. 2002. Io's Aurora: HST/STIS Observations. Ph.D. Thesis, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD.
50. Retherford K.D., et al. Io's Atmospheric response to eclipse: UV aurorae observations. Science 2007, 318:237-240.
51. Retherford K.D., Moos H.W., Strobel D.F., Wolven B.C., Roesler F.L. Io's equatorial spots: Morphology of neutral UV emissions. J. Geophys. Res. 2000, 105:27157-27166.
52. Retherford K.D., Moos H.W., Strobel D.F. Io's auroral limb glow: Hubble Space Telescope FUV observations. J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.) 2003, 108:1333-1341.
53. Roesler F.L., Moos H.W., Oliversen R.J., Woodward R.C., Retherford K.D., Scherb F., McGrath M.A., Smyth W.H., Feldman P.D., Strobel D.F. Far-ultraviolet imaging spectroscopy of Io's atmosphere with HST/STIS. Science 1999, 283(5400):353-357.
54. Samir U., Wright J.K.H., Stone N.H. The expansion of a plasma into a vacuum: Basic phenomena and processes and applications to space plasma physics. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 1983, 21:1631-1646.
55. Saur J., Strobel D.F. Relative contributions of sublimation and volcanoes to Io's atmosphere inferred from its plasma interaction during solar eclipse. Icarus 2004, 171:411-420.
56. Saur J., Strobel D.F., Neubauer F.M. Interaction of the jovian magnetosphere with Europa: Constraints on the neutral atmosphere. J. Geophys. Res. 1998, 103(E9):19947-19962.
57. Saur J., Neubauer F.M., Strobel D.F., Summers M.E. Three-dimensional plasma simulation of Io's interaction with the Io plasma torus: Asymmetric plasma flow. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:25105-25126.
58. Saur J., Neubauer F.M., Strobel D.F., Summers M.E. Io's ultraviolet aurora: Remote sensing of Io's interaction. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2000, 27(18):2893-2896.
59. Saur J., Neubauer F.M., Strobel D.F., Summers M.E. Interpretation of Galileo's Io plasma and field observations: I0, I24, and I27 flybys and close polar passes. J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.) 2002, 107:1422-1439.
60. Saur J., Neubauer F.M., Schilling N. Hemisphere coupling in Enceladus' asymmetric plasma interaction. J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.) 2007, 112:A11209.
61. Sittler E.C., Strobel D.F. Io plasma torus electrons - Voyager 1. J. Geophys. Res. 1987, 92:5741-5762.
62. Spencer, J.R., et al., 2007a. New Horizons observes Io's volcanic activity. In: Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society, vol. 38. Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society.
63. Spencer, et al. Io volcanism seen by New Horizons: A major eruption of the Tvashtar volcano. Science 2007, 318:240-243.
64. Spencer J.R., Lellouch E., Richter M.J., López-Valverde M.A., Jessup K.L., Greathouse T.K., Flaud J. Mid-infrared detection of large longitudinal asymmetries in Io's SO2 atmosphere. Icarus 2005, 176:283-304.
65. Strobel D.F., Wolven B.C. The atmosphere of Io: Abundances and sources of sulfur dioxide and atomic hydrogen. Astrophys. Space Sci. 2001, 277:271-287.
66. Strobel D.F., Zhu X., Summers M.F. On the vertical thermal structure of Io's atmosphere. Icarus 1994, 111:18-30.
67. Summers M.E., Strobel D.F. Photochemistry and vertical transport in Io's atmosphere and ionosphere. Icarus 1996, 120:290-316.
68. Walker A.C., Gratiy S.L., Goldstein D.B., Moore C.H., Varghese P.L., Trafton L.M., Levin D.A., Stewart B. A comprehensive numerical simulation of Io's sublimation-driven atmosphere. Icarus 2010, 207:409-432.
69. Williams D.J., Thorne R.M. Energetic particles over Io's polar caps. J. Geophys. Res. (Space Phys.) 2003, 108:1397-1403.
70. Williams D.J., Mauk B.H., McEntire R.E., Roelof E.C., Armstrong T.P., Wilken B., Roederer J.G., Krimigis S.M., Fritz T.A., Lanzerotti L.J. Electron beams and lon composition measured at Lo and in its torus. Science 1996, 274:401-403.
71. Williams D.J., Thorne R.M., Mauk B. Energetic electron beams and trapped electrons at Io. J. Geophys. Res. 1999, 104:14739-14754.
72. Wolf-Gladrow D.A., Neubauer F.M., Lussem M. Io's interaction with the plasma torus - A self-consistent model. J. Geophys. Res. 1987, 92:9949-9961.
73. Wolven B.C., Moos H.W., Retherford K.D., Feldman P.D., Strobel D.F., Smyth W.H., Roesler F.L. Emission profiles of neutral oxygen and sulfur in Io's exospheric corona. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:26155-26182.
74. Wong M.C., Smyth W.H. Model calculations for Io's atmosphere at eastern and western elongations. Icarus 2000, 146:60-74.
75. Zatsarinny O., Tayal S.S. Electron impact collision strengths and rates for neutral sulphur using the B-spline R-matrix approach. J. Phys. B.: At. Mol. Phys. 2002, 35:2493-2503.
76. Zhang J., Goldstein D.B., Varghese P.L., Gimelshein N.E., Gimelshein S.F., Levin D.A. Simulation of gas dynamics and radiation in volcanic plumes on Io. Icarus 2003, 163:182-197.