Analysis of carbonaceous biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer microchip capillary electrophoresis system: Carboxylic acids

Astrobiology

Volumn 11, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 519-528

  Stockton, Amanda M ^a   Tjin, Caroline Chandra ^a   Chiesl, Thomas N ^a,b   Mathies, Richard A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b Ibis Biosciences Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

Environmental analysis; Lab on a chip; Life detection; Mellitic acid; Micro total analysis systems; Organic biomarkers; Planetary exploration

Indexed keywords

1 (3 DIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL) 3 ETHYLCARBODIIMIDE; BENZENE DERIVATIVE; BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARBOXYLIC ACID; HYDRAZINE DERIVATIVE; PYRENE DERIVATIVE;

ARTICLE; ASTROBIOLOGY; ASTRONOMY; CHEMISTRY; METHODOLOGY; MICROCHIP ELECTROPHORESIS;

BENZENE DERIVATIVES; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; ELECTROPHORESIS, MICROCHIP; ETHYLDIMETHYLAMINOPROPYL CARBODIIMIDE; EXOBIOLOGY; HYDRAZINES; MARS; PYRENES;

EID: 79961196720     PISSN: 15311074     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/ast.2011.0634     Document Type: Article

References (45)

1. Alexandre, M.R., Huang, Y., Wang, Y., Fuller, M., and Pizzarello, S. (2004) Monocarboxilic acids analyzed in Murchison meteorite using solid phase microextraction (SPME). Meteorit Planet Sci 39:A12. (Pubitemid 39058578)
2. Amashukeli, X., Pelletier, C.C., Kirby, J.P., and Grunthaner, F.J. (2007) Subcritical water extraction of amino acids from Atacama Desert soils. J Geophys Res 112, doi:10.1029/ 2006JG000308.
3. Baena, B., Cifuentes, A., and Barbas, C. (2005) Analysis of carboxylic acids in biological fluids by capillary electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 26:2622-2636. (Pubitemid 40990608)
4. Benner, S.A., Devine, K.G., Matveeva, L.N., and Powell, D.H. (2000) The missing organic molecules on Mars. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:2425-2430. (Pubitemid 30159187)
5. Biemann, K., Oro, J., Toulmin, P., III, Orgel, L.E., Nier, A.O., Anderson, D.M., Simmonds, P.G., Flory, D., Diaz, A.V., Rushneck, D.R., and Biller, J.A. (1976) Search for organic and volatile inorganic compounds in two surface samples from the Chryse Planitia region of Mars. Science 194:72-76.
6. Biemann, K., Oro, J., Toulmin, P., III, Orgel, L.E., Nier, A.O., Anderson, D.M., Simmonds, P.G., Flory, D., Diaz, A.V., Rushneck, D.R., Biller, J.E., and Lafleur, A.L. (1977) The search for organic substances and inorganic volatile compounds in the surface of Mars. J Geophys Res 82:4641-4658.
7. Botta, O. and Bada, J.L. (2002) Extraterrestrial organic compounds in meteorites. Surveys in Geophysics 23:411-467.
8. Buch, A., Sternberg, R., Szopa, C., Freissinet, C., Garnier, C., Bekri, E.J., Rodier, C., Navarro-González, R., Raulin, F., Cabane, M., Stambouli, M., Glavin, D.P., and Mahaffy, P.R. (2009) Development of a gas chromatography compatible Sample Processing System (SPS) for the in situ analysis of refractory organic matter in martian soil: preliminary results. Adv Space Res 43:143-151.
9. Chiesl, T.N., Chu, W.K., Stockton, A.M., Amashukeli, X., Grunthaner, F., and Mathies, R.A. (2009) Enhanced amine and amino acid analysis using Pacific Blue and the Mars Organic Analyzer microchip capillary electrophoresis system. Anal Chem 81:2537-2544.
10. Du, X.-L., Zhang, H.-S., Deng, Y.-H., and Wang, H. (2008) Design and synthesis of a novel fluorescent reagent, 6-oxy- (ethylpiperazine)-9-(2+- methoxycarbonyl) fluorescein, for carboxylic acids and its application in food samples using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 1178:92-100. (Pubitemid 50008533)
11. Flynn, G.J. (1996) The delivery of organic matter from asteroids and comets to the early surface of Mars. Earth Moon Planets 72:469-474.
12. Galli, V., Garcia, A., Saavedra, L., and Barbas, C. (2003) Capillary electrophoresis for short-chain organic acids and inorganic anions in different samples. Electrophoresis 24:1951-1981. (Pubitemid 38088978)
13. Hecht, M.H., Kounaves, S.P., Quinn, R.C., West, S.J., Young, S.M.M., Ming, D.W., Catling, D.C., Clark, B.C., Boynton, W.V., Hoffman, J., DeFlores, L.P., Gospodinova, K., Kapit, J., and Smith, P.H. (2009) Detection of perchlorate and the soluble chemistry of martian soil at the Phoenix lander site. Science 325:64-67.
14. Horowitz, N.H., Hobby, G.L., and Hubbard, J.S. (1977) Viking on Mars: the carbon assimilation experiments. J Geophys Res 82:4659-4662.
15. Huang, Y.S., Wang, Y., Alexandre, M.R., Lee, T., Rose-Petruck, C., Fuller, M., and Pizzarello, S. (2005) Molecular and compound- specific isotopic characterization of monocarboxylic acids in carbonaceous meteorites. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 69:1073-1084. (Pubitemid 40280667)
16. Klampfl, C.W. (2007) Determination of organic acids by CE and CEC methods. Electrophoresis 28:3362-3378. (Pubitemid 47604698)
17. Klein, H.P. (1977) The Viking biological investigation: general aspects. J Geophys Res 82:4677-4680.
18. Klingelhö fer, G., Morris, R.V., Bernhardt, B., Schrö der, C., Rodionov, D.S., de Souza, P.A., Yen, A., Gellert, R., Evlanov, E.N., Zubkov, B., Foh, J., Bonnes, U., Kankeleit, E., Gü tlich, P., Ming, D.W., Renz, F., Wdowiak, T., Squyres, S.W., and Arvidson, R.E. (2004) Jarosite and hematite at Meridiani Planum from Opportunity's Mössbauer spectrometer. Science 306:1740-1745. (Pubitemid 39601384)
19. Lawless, J.G. and Yuen, G.U. (1979) Quantification of monocarboxylic acids in the Murchison carbonaceous meteorite. Nature 282:396-398.
20. Lepper, K. and McKeever, S.W.S. (2000) Characterization of fundamental luminescence properties of the Mars soil simulant JSC Mars-1 and their relevance to absolute dating of martian eolian sediments. Icarus 144:295-301.
21. Levin, G.V. and Straat, P.A. (1977) Recent results from the Viking labeled release experiment onMars. J Geophys Res 82:4663-4667.
22. Mahaffy, P. (2008) Exploration of the habitability of Mars: development of analytical protocols for measurement of organic carbon on the 2009 Mars Science Laboratory. Space Sci Rev 135:255-268.
23. Martins, Z., Watson, J.S., Sephton, M.A., Botta, O., Ehrenfreund, P., and Gilmour, I. (2006) Free dicarboxylic and aromatic acids in the carbonaceous chondrites Murchison and Orgueil. Meteorit Planet Sci 41:1073-1080. (Pubitemid 44219625)
24. Mato, I., Suarez-Luque, S., and Huidobro, J.F. (2005) A review of the analytical methods to determine organic acids in grape juices and wines. Food Res Int 38:1175-1188. (Pubitemid 41102214)
25. Mato, I., Huidobro, J.F., Simal-Lozano, J., and Sancho, M.T. (2006) Analytical methods for the determination of organic acids in honey. Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry 36:3-11. (Pubitemid 43245434)
26. McGuffin, V.L. and Zare, R.N. (1985) LASER fluorescence detection in microcolumn liquid-chromatograpy-application to derivatized carboxylic acids. Appl Spectrosc 39:847-853. (Pubitemid 15561096)
27. Mehringer, D.M., Snyder, L.E., and Miao, Y.T. (1997) Detection and confirmation of interstellar acetic acid. Astrophys J Lett 480, doi:10.1086/310612. (Pubitemid 127060865)
28. Nozaki, S. (1997) Efficient amounts of additives for peptide coupling mediated by a water-soluble carbodiimide in aqueous media. Chemistry Letters, pp 1-2.
29. Oyama, V.I. and Berdahl, B.J. (1977) The Viking gas exchange experiment results. J Geophys Res 82:4669-4676.
30. Oyama, V.I., Berdahl, B.J., and Carle, G.C. (1977) Preliminary findings of the Viking gas exchange experiment and a model for martian surface chemistry. Nature 265:110-114.
31. Paula Lei, Q., Lamb, D.H., Heller, R.K., Shannon, A.G., Ryall, R., and Cash, P. (2002) Kinetic studies on the rate of hydrolysis of N-ethyl-N+-(dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide in aqueous solutions using mass spectrometry and capillary electrophoresis. Anal Biochem 310:122-124. (Pubitemid 35387340)
32. Rinsland, C.P., Boone, C.D., Bernath, P.F., Mahieu, E., Zander, R., Dufour, G., Clerbaux, C., Turquety, S., Chiou, L., McConnell, J.C., Neary, L., and Kaminski, J.W. (2006) First space-based observations of formic acid (HCOOH): Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment austral spring 2004 and 2005 Southern Hemisphere tropical-mid-latitude upper tropospheric measurements. Geophys Res Lett 33, doi:10.1029/ 2006GL027000.
33. Skelley, A.M. and Mathies, R.A. (2003) Chiral separation of fluorescamine-labeled amino acids using microfabricated capillary electrophoresis devices for extraterrestrial exploration. J Chromatogr A 1021:191-199. (Pubitemid 37357025)
34. Skelley, A.M., Scherer, J.R., Aubrey, A.D., Grover, W.H., Ivester, R.H.C., Ehrenfreund, P., Grunthaner, F.J., Bada, J.L., and Mathies, R.A. (2005) Development and evaluation of a microdevice for amino acid biomarker detection and analysis on Mars. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 102:1041-1046. (Pubitemid 40170722)
35. Skelley, A.M., Cleaves, H.J., Jayarajah, C.N., Bada, J.L., and Mathies, R.A. (2006) Application of the mars organic analyzer to nucleobase and amine biomarker detection. Astrobiology 6:824-837. (Pubitemid 46070579)
36. Skelley, A.M., Aubrey, A.D., Willis, P.A., Amashukeli, X., Ehrenfreund, P., Bada, J.L., Grunthaner, F.J., and Mathies, R.A. (2007) Organic amine biomarker detection in the Yungay region of the Atacama Desert with the Urey instrument. J Geophys Res 112, doi:10.1029/2006JG000329. (Pubitemid 351314148)
37. Smith, P.H., Tamppari, L.K., Arvidson, R.E., Bass, D., Blaney, D., Boynton, W.V., Carswell, A., Catling, D.C., Clark, B.C., Duck, T., DeJong, E., Fisher, D., Goetz, W., Gunnlaugsson, H.P., Hecht, M.H., Hipkin, V., Hoffman, J., Hviid, S.F., Keller, H.U., Kounaves, S.P., Lange, C.F., Lemmon, M.T., Madsen, M.B., Markiewicz, W.J., Marshall, J., McKay, C.P., Mellon, M.T., Ming, D.W., Morris, R.V., Pike, W.T., Renno, N., Staufer, U., Stoker, C., Taylor, P., Whiteway, J.A., and Zent, A.P. (2009) H2O at the Phoenix landing site. Science 325:58-61.
38. Stockton, A.M., Chiesl, T.N., Scherer, J.R., and Mathies, R.A. (2009a) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon analysis with the Mars Organic Analyzer microchip capillary electrophoresis system. Anal Chem 81:790-796.
39. Stockton, A.M., Chiesl, T.N., Lowenstein, T.K., Amashukeli, X., Grunthaner, F., and Mathies, R. (2009b) Capillary electrophoresis analysis of organic amines and amino acids in saline and acidic samples using the Mars Organic Analyzer. Astrobiology 9:823-831.
40. Stockton, A.M., Tjin, C.C., Huang, G.L., Benhabib, M., Chiesl, T.N., and Mathies, R.A. (2010) Analysis of carbonaceous biomarkers with the Mars Organic Analyzer microchip capillary electrophoresis system: aldehydes and ketones. Electrophoresis 31:3642-3649.
41. Thompson, J.M. (1985) Chemistry of thermal and nonthermal springs in the vicinity of Lassen Volcanic National Park. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research 25:81-104.
42. Turner, B.E. (1989) Recent progress in astrochemistry. Space Sci Rev 51:235-337.
43. Yuen, G.U. and Kvenvold, K.A. (1973) Monocarboxylic acids in Murray and Murchison carbonaceous meteorites. Nature 246:301-302.
44. Zuckerman, B., Buhl, D., Palmer, P., and Snyder, L.W. (1970) Observations of interstellar formaldehyde. Astrophys J 160:485-560.
45. Zuckerman, B., Ball, J.A., and Gottlieb, C.A. (1971) Microwave detection of interstellar formic acid. Astrophys J 163, doi: 10.1086/180663.