Effects of intrathecal midazolam in spinal anaesthesia: A prospective randomised case control study

Singapore Medical Journal

Volumn 52, Issue 6, 2011, Pages 432-435

  Shadangi, B K ^a,b   Garg, R ^a,b   Pandey, R ^a,b   Das, T ^a,b  

^a ALL INDIA INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^b SCB MEDICAL COLLEGE   (India)

Author keywords

Analgesia; Hyperbaric bupivacaine; Intrathecal; Midazolam

Indexed keywords

BUPIVACAINE; MIDAZOLAM; SODIUM CHLORIDE;

ADULT; ANESTHESIA LEVEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOUBLE BLIND PROCEDURE; FEMALE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; PROSPECTIVE STUDY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL; SEDATION; SPINAL ANESTHESIA;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; ANALGESIA; ANESTHESIA, SPINAL; BUPIVACAINE; CASE-CONTROL STUDIES; DOUBLE-BLIND METHOD; FEMALE; HUMANS; INJECTIONS, SPINAL; MALE; MIDAZOLAM; MIDDLE AGED; PROSPECTIVE STUDIES; TREATMENT OUTCOME;

EID: 79960991923     PISSN: 00375675     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. Chaney MA. Side effects of intrathecal and epidural opioids. Can J Anaesth 1995; 42:891-903.
2. Hawksworth C, Serpell M. Intrathecal anaesthesia with ketamine. Reg Anesth Pain Med 1998; 23:283-8.
3. Eisenach JC, de Kock M, Klimscha W. alpha (2)-adrenergic agonists for regional anesthesia. A clinical review of clonidine (1984-1995). Anesthesiology 1996; 85:655-74.
4. Liu SS, Hodgson PS, Moore JM, Trautman WJ, Burkhead DL. Dose-response effects of spinal neostigmine added to bupivacaine spinal anesthesia in volunteers. Anesthesiology 1999; 90:710-7.
5. Ben-David B, Solomon E, Levin H, Admoni H, Goldik Z. Intrathecal fentanyl with small-dose dilute bupivacaine: better anesthesia without prolonging recovery. Anesth Analg 1997; 85:560-5.
6. Prakash S, Joshi N, Gogia AR, Prakash S, Singh R. Analgesic effcacy of two doses of intrathecal midazolam with bupivacaine in patients undergoing cesarean delivery. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2006; 31:221-6.
7. Nishiyama T, Hanaoka K. Midazolam can potentate the analgesic effects of intrathecal bupivacaine on thermal- or infammatory-induced pain. Anesth Analg 2003; 96:1386-91.
8. Boussofara M, Carlès M, Raucoules-Aimé M, Sellam MR, Horn JL. Effects of intrathecal midazolam on postoperative analgesia when added to a bupivacaine-clonidine mixture. Reg Anesth Pain Med 2006; 31:501-5.
9. Edwards M, Serrao JM, Gent JP, Goodchild CS. On the mechanism by which midazolam causes spinally mediated analgesia. Anesthesiology 1990; 73:273-7.
10. Kim MH, Lee YM. Intrathecal midazolam increases the analgesic effects of spinal blockade with bupivacaine in patients undergoing haemorrhoidectomy. Br J Anaesth 2001; 86:77-9.
11. Bharti N, Madan R, Mohanty PR, Kaul HL. Intrathecal midazolam added to bupivacaine improves the duration and quality of spinal anaesthesia. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand 2003; 47:1101-5.
12. Goodchild CS, Guo Z, Musgreave A, Gent JP. Antinociception by intrathecal midazolam involves endogenous neurotransmitters neurotransmitters acting at spinal cord delta opioid receptors. Br J Anaesth 1996; 77:758-63.
13. Tucker AP, Lai C, Nadeson R, Goodchild CS. Intrathecal midazolam I: a cohort study investigating safety. Anesth Analg 2004; 98:1512-20.
14. Wu YW, Shiau JM, Hong CC, et al. Intrathecal midazolam combined with low-dose bupivacaine improves postoperative recovery in diabetic mellitus patients undergoing foot debridement. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2005; 43:129-34.