Dioxin concentrations in breast milk of vietnamese nursing mothers: A survey four decades after the herbicide spraying

Environmental Science and Technology

Volumn 45, Issue 15, 2011, Pages 6625-6632

  The Tai, Pham ^a,b   Nishijo, Muneko ^a   Kido, Teruhiko ^c   Nakagawa, Hideaki ^a   Maruzeni, Shoko ^a   Naganuma, Rie ^c   Thi Nguyet Anh, Nguyen ^a   Morikawa, Yuko ^a   Luong, Hoang Van ^b   Anh, Tran Hai ^b   Hung, Nguyen Ngoc ^d   Son, Le Ke ^e   Tawara, Kenji ^f   Nishijo, Hisao ^g  

^a KANAZAWA MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b VIETNAM MILITARY MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (Viet Nam)

^c KANAZAWA UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^d Ha Noi Medical University   (Viet Nam)

^e Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment   (Viet Nam)

^f Hyogo Environmental Advancement Association   (Japan)

^g UNIVERSITY OF TOYAMA   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2 ,3 ,7 ,8 TETRACHLORODIBENZO P DIOXINS; ARMED FORCES; BREAST MILK; BREAST MILK SAMPLES; HIGHLY-CORRELATED; HOT SPOT; TOTAL TOXIC EQUIVALENTS; VIET NAM;

NURSING; ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; TOXIC MATERIALS; WEED CONTROL;

HERBICIDES;

2,3,7,8 TETRACHLORODIBENZO PARA DIOXIN; DIOXIN; HERBICIDE; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZODIOXIN; POLYCHLORINATED DIBENZOFURAN;

DECADAL VARIATION; DIOXIN; ENVIRONMENTAL FATE; HEALTH RISK; HERBICIDE; LIPID; MILK; PCDD; PCDF; SAMPLING; WOMENS HEALTH;

AGE; ARTICLE; BREAST MILK; FEMALE; HEALTH SURVEY; HUMAN; MULTIPARA; PESTICIDE SPRAYING; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; PRIMIPARA; VIET NAM;

ADULT; AGING; BENZOFURANS; BREAST FEEDING; DIOXINS; ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING; FEMALE; GEOGRAPHY; HEALTH SURVEYS; HERBICIDES; HUMANS; INFANT; LINEAR MODELS; MILK, HUMAN; MOTHERS; PARITY; PREGNANCY; RESIDENCE CHARACTERISTICS; TETRACHLORODIBENZODIOXIN; VIETNAM;

VIET NAM;

EID: 79960942792     PISSN: 0013936X     EISSN: 15205851     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1021/es201666d     Document Type: Article

References (20)

1. National Academy of Science. The Effects of Herbicides in South Vietnam; National Academy of Science Press, Washington DC., 1974; Summary, pp S1-S6.
2. Stellman, J. M.; Stellman, S. D.; Christian, R.; Weber, T.; Tomasallo, C. The extent and patterns of usage of Agent Orange and other herbicides in Vietnam Nature 2003, 422, 681-687 (Pubitemid 36514100)
3. Schecter, A.; Tong, H. Y.; Monson, S. J.; Gross, M. L. Levels of 2,3,7,8-TCDD in silt samples collected between 1985-86 from rivers in the north and south of Vietnam Chemosphere 1989, 19, 547-550 (Pubitemid 19278656)
4. Schecter, A.; Dai, L. C.; Päpke, O.; Prange, J.; Constable, J. D.; Matsuda, M.; Thao, V. D.; Piskac, A. L. Recent Dioxin Contamination From Agent Orange in Residents of a Southern Vietnam City J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2001, 43 (5) 435-443 (Pubitemid 32441412)
5. Dwernychuk, L. W.; Cau, H. D.; Hatfield, C. T.; Boivin, T. G.; Hung, T. M.; Dung, P. T.; Thai, N. D. Dioxin reservoirs in southern Viet Nam-A legacy of Agent Orange Chemosphere 2002, 47, 117-137 (Pubitemid 34241018)
6. Minh, N. H.; Boivin, T.; Canh, P. N.; Son, L. K. Comprehensive Assessment of Dioxin Contamination in Da Nang Airbase and Its Vicinities: Environmental Levels, Human Exposure and Options for Mitigating Impacts Interdiscip. Stud. Environ. Chem.-Environ. Res. Asia 2009, 21-29
7. Dwernychuk, L. W. Dioxin hot spots in Vietnam Chemosphere 2005, 60, 998-999 (Pubitemid 40898149)
8. Schecter, A.; Dai, L. C.; Thuy, L. T. B.; Quynh, H. T.; Minh, D. Q.; Cau, H. D.; Phiet, P. H.; Phuong, N. T. N.; Constable, J. D.; Baughman, R.; Päpke, O.; Fürst, P.; Räisäinen, S. Agent Orange and the Vietnamese: The persistence of elevated dioxin levels in human tissues Am. J. Public Health 1995, 85 (4) 516-522
9. Herbicides Sprayed Map; 10-80 Division, Ha Noi Medical University: Ha Noi, Vietnam, 1999.
10. Tawara, K.; Honda, R.; Nishijo, M.; Nakagawa, H. Pretreatment procedure of dioxin analysis for a small volume of human breast milk J. Kanazawa Med. Univ. 2003, 28, 17-25
11. Van den Berg, M.; Birnbaum, L. S.; Denison, M.; Vito, M. D.; Farland, W.; Feeley, M.; Fiedler, H.; Hakansson, H.; Hanberg, A.; Haws, L.; Rose, M.; Safe, S.; Schrenk, D.; Tohyama, C.; Tritscher, A.; Tuomisto, J.; Tysklind, M.; Walker, N.; Peterson, R. E. The 2005 World Health Organization Reevaluation of human and mammalian toxic equivalency factors for dioxins and dioxin-like compounds Toxicol. Sci. 2006, 93 (2) 223-241 (Pubitemid 44400442)
12. Malisch, R.; van Leeuwen, F. X. R. Results of the WHO-coordinated exposure study on the levels of PCBs, PCDDs and PCDFs in human milk Organohalogen Compd. 2003, 64, 140-143
13. Schecter, A.; Quynh, H. T.; Päpke, O.; Tung, K. C.; Constable, J. D. Agent Orange, dioxins, and other chemicals of concern in Vietnam: Update 2006 J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2006, 48 (4) 408-413 (Pubitemid 43828030)
14. Schecter, A.; Constable, J. D.; Dai, L. C.; Päpke, O. A follow-up: High level of dioxin contamination in Vietnamese From Agent Orange, three decades after the end of spraying J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2002, 44 (3) 218-220 (Pubitemid 34225559)
15. LaKind, J. S.; Berlin, C. M.; Naiman, D. Q. Infant exposure to chemicals in breast milk in the United States: What we need to learn from a breast milk monitoring program Environ. Heath Perspect. 2001, 109 (1) 75-88 (Pubitemid 32118030)
16. Uehara, R.; Peng, G.; Nakamura, Y.; Matsuura, N.; Kondo, N.; Tada, H. Human milk survey for dioxins in the general population in Japan Chemosphere 2006, 62, 1135-1141 (Pubitemid 43199494)
17. Wittsiepe, J.; Fürst, P.; Schrey, P.; Lemm, F.; Kraft, M.; Eberwein, G.; Winneke, G.; Wilhelm, M. PCDD/F and dioxin-like PCB in human blood and milk from German mothers Chemosphere 2007, 67, S286-S294
18. Schecter, A.; Cramer, P.; Boggess, K.; Stanley, J.; Päpke, O.; Olson, J.; Silver, A.; Schmitz, M. Intake of dioxins and related compounds from food in the U.S. Population J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 2001, 63 (1) 1-18 (Pubitemid 32391854)
19. Ministry of Health and Welfare. Report on Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI) of Dioxins and Related Compounds. http://www.env.go.jp/en/chemi/dioxins/tdi- report.pdf (accessed 7 February 2011).
20. WHO/EURO (World Health Organization/European Regional Office). Assessment of the health risk of dioxins: re-evaluation of the Tolerable Daily Intake (TDI). Executive Summary; World Health Organization, European Centre for Environment and Health; International Program on Chemical Safety, WHO Consultation: Geneva, Switzeland, 25-29 May, 1998; p 27.