Weathering the storm: Persistent effects and psychological first aid with children displaced by Hurricane Katrina

Journal of Child and Adolescent Trauma

Volumn 3, Issue 4, 2010, Pages 330-343

  Cain, Daphne S ^a   Plummer, Carol A ^a   Fisher, Rakinzie M ^a   Bankston, Toni Q ^b  

^a LOUISIANA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b Baton Rouge Children's Health Project   (United States)

Author keywords

African American children; Hurricane Katrina; Posttraumatic stress disorder; Psychological first aid

Indexed keywords

EID: 79960936135     PISSN: 19361521     EISSN: 1936153X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/19361521.2010.523063     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Bohrer, B. (2009, August 15). Bush to New Orleans ahead of Katrina anniversary. WWLTV. com Louisiana's News Leader. Retrieved from http://www.wwltv.com/news/local/65323917.html#
2. Brown, A. (2005, August 29). Hurricane Katrina pummels three states. In Bradley Robert's Newsnight with Aaron Brown. New York, NY: CNN. Retrieved from http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0508/29/asb.01.html
3. Bush sees "better days" for New Orleans. (2007, August 29). CBS News. Retrieved from, http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2007/08/29/katrina/main3215632.shtml
4. Chen, S. H., & Wu, Y. C. (2006). Changes of PTSD symptoms and school reconstruction: A two year prospective study of children and adolescents after the Taiwan 921 earthquake. Natural Hazards, 37, 225-244.
5. Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
6. Everly, G., Phillips, S., Kane, D., & Feldman, D. (2006). Introduction to and overview of group psychological first aid. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 6, 130-136.
7. Foy, D. W., Glynn, S. M., Schnurr, P. P., Jankowski, M. K., Wattenberg, M. S., Weiss, D. S., et al. (2000). Group therapy. In E. B. Foa, T. M. Keane, & M. J. Friedman (Eds.), Effective treatments for PTSD: Practice guidelines from the international society for traumatic stress studies (pp. 155-175). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
8. Frederick, C., Pynoos, R. S., & Nader, K. O. (1992). Childhood Post-Traumatic Stress Reaction Index (CPTS-RI) [copyrighted semistructured interview]. Los Angeles, CA: Two Suns Measures.
9. Gard, B., & Ruzek, J. (2006). Community mental health response to crisis. Journal of Clinical Psychology: In Session, 62, 1029-1041.
10. Heegaard, M. (2005). After Hurricane Katrina: Helping children cope with traumatic loss. Chapmanville, WV: Woodland Press.
11. Hobfoll, S. E., Watson, P. E., Bell, C. C., Bryant, R. A., Brymer, M. J., Friedman, M. J., et al. (2007). Five essential elements of immediate and mid-term mass trauma intervention: Empirical evidence. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 70, 283-315.
12. Johnstone, M. (2007). Disaster response and group self-care. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 43, 38-40.
13. Katrina heads for New Orleans. (2005, August 29). Fox News/Associated Press. Retrieved from http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,167270,00.html
14. Kessler, R. C., Galea, S., Gruber, M. J., Sampson, N. A., Ursano, R. J., & Wessely, S. (2008). Trends in mental illness and suicidality after Hurricane Katrina. Molecular Psychiatry, 13, 374-384.
15. Knabb, R. D., Rhome, J. R., & Brown, D. P. (2006, August 10). Tropical cyclone report: Hurricane Katrina: 23-30 August 2005. National Hurricane Center. Retrieved from http://www.nhc.noaa.gov/pdf/TCR-AL122005_Katrina.pdf
16. LaGreca, A. M., Silverman, W. K., Vernberg, E. M., & Prinstein, M. J. (1996). Symptoms of posttraumatic stress in children after Hurricane Andrew: A prospective study. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 712-723.
17. LaGreca, A. M., Silverman, W. K., & Wasserstein, S. B. (1998). Children's predisaster functioning as a predictor of posttraumatic stress following Hurricane Andrew. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 66, 883-892.
18. LaGreca, A. M., Vernberg, E. M., Silverman, W. K., Vogel, A. L., & Prinstein, M. J. (2001). Helping children cope with disaster: A manual for professionals working with elementary school children. Miami, FL: BellSouth Foundation.
19. Larrance, R., Anastario, M., & Lawry, L. (2007). Health status among internally displaced persons in Louisiana and Mississippi travel trailer parks. Annuals of Emergency Medicine, 49, 590-601.
20. Leach, J. (1995). Psychological first-aid: A practical aide-memoire. Aviation, Space, and Environmental Medicine, 66, 668-674.
21. Madrid, P. A., Grant, R., Reilly, M. J., & Redlener, N. B. (2006). Challenges in meeting immediate emotional needs: Short-term impact of a major disaster on children's mental health: Building resiliency in the aftermath of Hurricane Katrina. Pediatrics, 117, S448-S453.
22. McNally, R. J., Bryant, R. A., & Ehlers, A. (2003). Does early psychological intervention promote recovery from posttraumatic stress? Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 4, 45-79.
23. Meitrodt, J. (2006). Move-in specials: Factory-built homes could find a huge following in architecturally diverse New Orleans. The Times-Picaqune. Retrieved from http://www.nola.com/news/tp/frontpage/index2.ssf?/base/news-6/116210183268170.xml&coll=1
24. Morris, J., van Ommeren, M., Belfer, M., Saxena, S., & Saraceno, B. (2007). Children and the sphere standard on mental and social aspects of health. Disasters, 31(1), 71-90.
25. Murphy, V. (2005, October 4). Fixing New Orleans' thin grey line. BBC News. Retrieved from http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/4307972.stm
26. Nader, K. (2008). Understanding and assessing trauma in children and adolescents: Measures, methods, and youth in context. New York, NY: Routledge.
27. Nader, K., Pynoos, R., Fairbanks, L., & Frederick, C. (1990). Children's PTSD reactions one year after a sniper attack at their school. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1526-1530.
28. Nagae, N., & Kim, Y. (2005). Primary prevention of developing post traumatic stress disorder among disaster victims. Journal of Mental Health, 51, 81-90.
29. National Child Traumatic Stress Network and National Center for PTSD. (2006). Psychological first aid: Field operations guide (2nd ed.). Retrieved from http://ncptsd.va.gov/ncmain/ncdocs/manuals/nc_manual_psyfirstaid.html
30. Neuner, F., Schauer, E., Catani, C., Ruf, M., & Elbert, T. (2006). Post-tsunami stress: A study of posttraumatic stress disorder in children living in three severely affected regions of Sri Lanka. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 19, 339-347.
31. Pfefferbaum, B., Call, J. A., & Sconzo, G. M. (1999). Mental health services for children in the first two years after the 1995 Oklahoma City terrorist bombing. Psychiatric Services, 50, 956-958.
32. Pfefferbaum, B., Doughty, D. E., Reddy, C., Patel, N., Gurwitch, R. H., Nixon, S. J., et al. (2002). Exposure and peritraumatic response as predictors of posttraumatic stress in children following the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing. Journal of Urban Health: Bulletin of the New York Academy of Medicine, 79, 354-363.
33. Pfefferbaum, B., Sconzo, G. M., Flynn, B. W., Kearns, L. J., Doughty, D. E., Gurwitch, R. H., et al. (2003). Case finding and mental health services for children in the aftermath of the Oklahoma City bombing. Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 30, 215-227.
34. Picou, J. S., & Marshall, B. K. (2007). Social impacts of Hurricane Katrina on displaced K-12 students and educational institutions in coastal Alabama counties: Some preliminary observations. Sociological Spectrum, 27, 767-780.
35. Pillay, A. L. (2005). Editorial: How prepared are we to help children cope in the aftermath of a national disaster? Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 17, iii-v.
36. Plummer, C. A., Cain, D. S., Fisher, R. M., & Bankston, T. Q. (2009). Practice challenges in using psychological first aid in a group format with children: A pilot study. Brief Treatment and Crisis Intervention, 8, 313-326.
37. Regehr, C., & Hill, J. (2000). Evaluating the efficacy of crisis debriefing groups. Social Work with Groups, 23(3), 69-79.
38. Scheeringa, M. S., & Zeanah, C. H. (2008). Reconsideration of harm's way: Onsets and comorbidity patterns of disorders in preschool children and their caregivers following Hurricane Katrina. Journal of Clinical Child & Adolescent Psychology, 37, 508-518.
39. Spier, A. H. (2000). Psychosocial issues for children and adolescents in disasters (2nd ed.). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
40. Spirito, A., Stark, L. J., & Williams, C. (1988). Development of a brief coping checklist for use with pediatric populations. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 13, 555-574.
41. 26,000 Shelter at Superdome. (2005, August 28). Times-Picayune. Retrieved from http://www.nola.com/katrina/index.ssf/2005/08/26000_shelter_at_superdome.html
42. United States Department of Veterans Affairs. (n.d.). National Center for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, PTSD Information Center. Retrieved from http://www.ncptsd.va.gov/ncmain/information/
43. Uscher-Pines, L. (2009). Health effects of relocation following disaster: A systematic review of the literature. Disasters, 33(1), 1-22.
44. Vernberg, E. M., Jacobs, A. K., Watson, P. J., Layne, C. M., Pynoos, R. S., Steinberg, A. M., et al. (2008). Innovations in disaster mental health: Psychological first aid. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 39, 381-388.
45. Vernberg, E. M., & Vogel, J. M. (1993). Part 2: Interventions with children after disasters. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 485-498.
46. Vogel, J. M. & Vernberg, E. M. (1993). Part1: Children's psychological responses to disasters. Journal of Clinical Child Psychology, 22, 464-484.
47. Yule, W. (2006). Theory, training and timing: Psychosocial interventions in complex emergencies. International Review of Psychiatry, 18, 259-264.