A parameterization of the ice-ocean drag coefficient

Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans

Volumn 116, Issue 7, 2011, Pages

  Lu, Peng ^a   Li, Zhijun ^a   Cheng, Bin ^a,b   Leppäranta, Matti ^a,c  

^a DALIAN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (China)

^b FINNISH METEOROLOGICAL INSTITUTE   (Finland)

^c UNIVERSITY OF HELSINKI   (Finland)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ASPECT RATIO; DRAG COEFFICIENT; FRICTION; OCEANOGRAPHY; SEA ICE; SKIN FRICTION;

DRAG FORCES; FORM DRAG; GEOMETRIC PARAMETER; ICE CONCENTRATION; ICE DYNAMICS; LARGE ASPECT RATIO; MARGINAL ICE ZONE; NON-MONOTONIC VARIATION; SEA ICE CONDITIONS; SENSITIVITY STUDIES; THREE COMPONENT;

PARAMETERIZATION;

BOTTOM FRICTION; DRAG COEFFICIENT; GEOMETRY; ICE FLOW; ICE-OCEAN INTERACTION; PARAMETERIZATION; SEA ICE; SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS;

EID: 79960904392     PISSN: None     EISSN: 21699291     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/2010JC006878     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Adolphs, U. (1999), Roughness variability of sea ice and snow cover thickness profiles in the Ross, Amundsen, and Bellingshausen Seas, J. Geophys. Res., 104(C6), 13,577-13,591, doi:10.1029/1998JC900124.
2. Andreas, E. L., and K. J. Claffey (1995), Air-ice drag coefficients in the western Weddell Sea: 1. Values deduced from profile measurements, J. Geophys. Res., 100(C3), 4821-4831, doi:10.1029/94JC02015.
3. Andreas, E. L., T. W. Horst, A. A. Grachev, P. G. Persson, C. W. Fairall, P. S. Guest, and R. E. Jordan (2010), Parametrizing turbulent exchange over summer sea ice and the marginal ice zone, Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136, doi:10.1002/qj.618.
4. Arya, S. P. S. (1975), A drag-partition theory for determining the largescale roughness parameter and wind stress on Arctic pack ice, J. Geophys. Res., 80(24), 3447-3454, doi:10.1029/JC080i024p03447.
5. Banke, E. G., and S. D. Smith (1975), Measurement of form drag on ice ridges, AIDJEX Bull., 28, 21-27.
6. Banke, E. G., S. D. Smith, and R. Anderson (1980), Drag coefficient at AIDJEX from sonic anemometer measurements, in Sea-Ice Processes and Models, edited by R. S. Pritchard, pp. 430-442, Univ. of Wash. Press, Seattle.
7. Birnbaum, G., and C. Lüpkes (2002), A new parameterisation of surface drag in the marginal sea ice zone, Tellus, Ser. A, 54, 107-123. (Pubitemid 34155983)
8. Bruno, M. S. (1990), Field measurements of ice drag coefficients, paper presented at 19th International Conference on Offshore Mechanics and Arctic Engineering, Am. Soc. of Mech. Eng., Houston, Tex.
9. Davis, N. R., and P. Wadhams (1995), A statistical analysis of arctic pressure ridge morphology, J. Geophys. Res., 100(C6), 10,915-10,925, doi:10.1029/95JC00007.
10. Edson, J. B., C. W. Fairall, P. G. Mestayer, and S. E. Larsen (1991), A study of the inertial-dissipation method for computing air-sea fluxes, J. Geophys. Res., 96(C6), 10,689-10,711, doi:10.1029/91JC00886.
11. Fujisaki, A., H. Yamaguchi, T. Toyota, A. Futatsudera, and M. Miyanaga (2009), Measurements of air-ice drag coefficient over the ice-covered Sea of Okhotsk, J. Oceanogr., 65, 487-498, doi:10.1007/s10872-009- 0042-8.
12. Garbrecht, T., C. Lüpkes, E. Augstein, and C. Wamser (1999), The influence of a sea ice ridge on the low level air flow, J. Geophys. Res., 104(D20), 24,499-24,507, doi:10.1029/1999JD900488.
13. Garbrecht, T., C. Lüpkes, J. Hartmann, and M. Wolff (2002), Atmospheric drag coefficients over sea ice-validation of a parameterisation concept, Tellus, Ser. A, 54, 205-219. (Pubitemid 34220411)
14. Guest, P. S., and K. L. Davidson (1987), The effect of observed ice conditions on the drag coefficient in the summer East Greenland Sea marginal ice zone, J. Geophys. Res., 92(C7), 6943-6954, doi:10.1029/ JC092iC07p06943.
15. Haas, C., J. Lobach, S. Hendricks, L. Rabenstein, and A. Pfaffling (2009), Helicopter-borne measurements of sea ice thickness, using a small and lightweight, digital EM system, J. Appl. Geophys., 67, 234-241, doi:10.1016/j.jappgeo.2008.05.005.
16. Hanssen-Bauer, I., and Y. T. Gjessing (1988), Observations and model calculations of aerodynamic drag on sea ice in the Fram Strait, Tellus, Ser. A, 40, 151-161, doi:10.1111/j.1600-0870.1988.tb00413.x.
17. Hartmann, J., C. Kottmeier, C. Wamser, and E. Augstein (1994), Aircraft measured atmospheric momentum, heat and radiation fluxes over Arctic sea ice, in The Polar Oceans and Their Role in Shaping the Global Environment, Geophys. Monogr. Ser., vol. 85, edited by O. M. Johannessen, R. D. Muench, and J. E. Overland, pp. 443-454, AGU, Washington, D. C.
18. Horner, S. (1965), Fluid Dynamic Drag, Practical Information on Aerodynamic Drag and Hydrodynamic Resistance, 440 pp., Hoerner Fluid Dyn., Midland Park, N. J.
19. Hunkins, K. (1972), Water stress and ocean current measurements at camp 200, AIDJEX Bull., 12, 35-60.
20. Hunkins, K. (1975a), The oceanic boundary-layer and stress beneath a drifting ice floe, J. Geophys. Res., 80(24), 3425-3433, doi:10.1029/ JC080i024p03425.
21. Hunkins, K. (1975b), Geostrophic drag coefficients for resistance between pack ice and ocean, AIDJEX Bull., 28, 61-67.
22. Joffre, S. M. (1983), Determining the form drag contribution to the total stress of the atmospheric flow over ridged sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 88(C7), 4524-4530, doi:10.1029/JC088iC07p04524.
23. Johannessen, O. M. (1970), Note on some vertical profiles below ice floes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and near the North Pole, J. Geophys. Res., 75(15), 2857-2861, doi:10.1029/JC075i015p02857.
24. Kottmeier, C., and D. Engelbart (1992), Generation and atmospheric heat exchange of coastal polynyas in theWeddell Sea, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 60, 207-234, doi:10.1007/BF00119376. (Pubitemid 23373310)
25. Lalumiere, L., S. Prinsenberg, and I. K. Peterson (2000), Observing pack ice properties with a helicopter-borne video-laser-GPS sensor, paper presented at International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Int. Soc. of Offshore and Polar Eng., Seattle, Wash.
26. Langleben, M. P. (1980), Water drag coefficient at AIDJEX, station Caribou, in Sea-Ice Processes and Models, edited by R. S. Pritchard, pp. 464-471, Univ. of Wash. Press, Seattle.
27. Langleben, M. P. (1982), Water drag coefficient of first-year sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 87(C1), 573-578, doi:10.1029/JC087iC01p00573. (Pubitemid 12539441)
28. Le, H., P. Moin, and J. Kim (1997), Direct numerical simulation of turbulent flow over a backward-facing step, J. Fluid Mech., 330, 349-374, doi:10.1017/S0022112096003941. (Pubitemid 27370349)
29. Leavitt, E. (1980), Surface-based air stress measurements made during AIDJEX, in Sea-Ice Processes and Models, edited by R. S. Pritchard, pp. 419-429, Univ. of Wash. Press, Seattle.
30. Leonardi, S., P. Orlandi, R. J. Smalley, L. Djenidi, and R. A. Antonia (2003), Direct numerical simulations of turbulent channel flow with transverse square bars on one wall, J. Fluid Mech., 491, 229-238, doi:10.1017/ S0022112003005500. (Pubitemid 37269166)
31. Leppäranta, M. (1990), Observations of free ice drift and currents in the Bay of Bothnia, Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Litt. Gothoburgensis Geophys., 3, 84-98.
32. Leppäranta, M. (2005), The Drift of Sea Ice, 266 pp., Springer, Berlin.
33. Li, Z., Z. Zhang, P. Lu, X. Dong, B. Cheng, and Z. Chen (2007), Some parameters on Arctic sea ice dynamics from the expedition in summer of 2003 [in Chinese with English summary], Adv. Water Sci., 18, 193-197. (Pubitemid 46704909)
34. Lu, P., Z. Li, Z. Zhang, and X. Dong (2008), Aerial observations of floe size distribution in the marginal ice zone of summer Prydz Bay, J. Geophys. Res., 113, C02011, doi:10.1029/2006JC003965.
35. Lu, P., Z. Li, B. Cheng, R. Lei, and R. Zhang (2010a), Sea ice surface features in Arctic summer 2008: Aerial observations, Remote Sens. Environ., 114, 693-699, doi:10.1016/j.rse.2009.11.009.
36. Lu, P., Z. Li, and Q. Zhang (2010b), PIV measurement of flow velocity field under modeled ice floe, paper presented at International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Int. Soc. of Offshore and Polar Eng., Beijing.
37. Lüpkes, C., and G. Birnbaum (2005), Surface drag in the Arctic marginal sea-ice zone: A comparison of different parameterization concepts, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 117, 179-211, doi:10.1007/s10546-005- 1445-8. (Pubitemid 43149390)
38. Madsen, O. S., and M. S. Bruno (1987), A methodology for the determination of drag coefficients for ice floes, J. Offshore Mech. Arct., 109, 381-387, doi:10.1115/1.3257035. (Pubitemid 18528915)
39. Mai, S., C. Wamser, and C. Kottmaier (1996), Geometric and aerodynamic roughness of sea ice, Boundary Layer Meteorol., 77, 233-248, doi:10.1007/BF00123526. (Pubitemid 27094282)
40. Martinson, D. G., and C. Wamser (1990), Ice drift and momentum exchange in winter Antarctic pack ice, J. Geophys. Res., 95(C2), 1741-1755, doi:10.1029/JC095iC02p01741.
41. McPhee, M. G. (1979), The effect of the oceanic boundary layer on the mean drift of pack ice: Application of a simple model, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 9, 388-400, doi:10.1175/1520-0485(1979)0092.0. CO;2.
42. McPhee, M. G. (1980), An analysis of pack ice drift in summer, in Sea-Ice Processes and Models, edited by R. S. Pritchard, pp. 62-75, Univ. of Wash. Press, Seattle.
43. McPhee, M. G. (1982), Sea ice drag laws and simple boundary layer concepts, including application to rapid melting, Rep. 82-4, 17 pp., U.S. Army Cold Reg. Res. and Eng. Lab., Hanover, N. H.
44. McPhee, M. G. (1989), Inferring ice/ocean surface roughness from horizontal current measurements, J. Offshore Mech. Arct. Eng., 111, 155-159, doi:10.1115/1.3257090.
45. McPhee, M. G. (2002), Turbulent stress at the ice/ocean interface and bottom surface hydraulic roughness during the SHEBA drift, J. Geophys. Res., 107(C10), 8037, doi:10.1029/2000JC000633.
46. McPhee, M. G. (2008), Air-Ice-Ocean Interaction: Turbulent Ocean Boundary Layer Exchange Processes, 215 pp., Springer, Berlin.
47. McPhee, M. G., and J. D. Smith (1976), Measurements of the turbulent boundary layer under pack ice, AIDJEX Bull., 29, 49-92.
48. Mock, S. J., A. D. Hartwell, and W. D. Hibler (1972), Spatial aspects of pressure ridge statistics, J. Geophys. Res., 77(30), 5945-5953, doi:10.1029/ JC077i030p05945.
49. Morison, J. (1986), Internal waves in the Arctic ocean: A review, in The Geophysics of Sea Ice, edited by N.Untersteiner, pp. 1163-1183, Plenum, New York.
50. Overgaard, S., P. Wadhams, and M. Leppäranta (1983), Ice properties in the Greenland and Barents Seas during the summer, J. Glaciol., 29, 142-164.
51. Overland, J. E. (1985), Atmospheric boundary layer structure and drag coefficients over sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 90(C5), 9029-9049, doi:10.1029/JC090iC05p09029.
52. Pease, C. H., S. A. Salo, and J. E. Overland (1983), Drag coefficients for firstyear sea ice over a shallow sea, J. Geophys. Res., 88(C5), 2853-2862, doi:10.1029/JC088iC05p02853.
53. Pite, H. D., D. R. Topham, and B. J. Hardenberg (1995), Laboratory measurements of the drag force on a family of two-dimensional ice keel models in a two-layer flow, J. Phys. Oceanogr., 25, 3008-3031, doi:10.1175/ 1520-0485(1995)0252.0.CO;2. (Pubitemid 26464187)
54. Plate, E. J., and C. W. Lin (1965), The velocity field downstream from a two-dimensional model hill, Fluid Dyn. Diff. Lab. Rep. CER65EJPCYL14, 75 pp., Colo. State Univ., Fort Collins.
55. Reynolds, M., C. Pease, and J. Overland (1985), Ice drift and regional meteorology in the southern Bering Sea: Results from MIZEX west, J. Geophys. Res., 90(C6), 11,967-11,981, doi:10.1029/JC090iC06p11967.
56. Shirasawa, K. (1986), Water stress and ocean current measurements under first-year sea ice in the Canadian Arctic, J. Geophys. Res., 91(C12), 14,305-14,316, doi:10.1029/JC091iC12p14305.
57. Shirasawa, K., and R. G. Ingram (1991a), Characteristics of the turbulent oceanic boundary layer under sea ice. Part 1: A review of the ice-ocean boundary layer, J. Mar. Syst., 2, 153-160, doi:10.1016/0924-7963(91) 90021-L.
58. Shirasawa, K., and R. G. Ingram (1991b), Characteristics of the turbulent oceanic boundary layer under sea ice. Part 2: Measurements in southeast Hudson Bay, J. Mar. Syst., 2, 161-169, doi:10.1016/0924-7963(91) 90022-M.
59. Shirasawa, K., and R. G. Ingram (1997), Currents and turbulent fluxes under the first-year sea ice in Resolute Passage, Northwest Territories, Canada, J. Mar. Syst., 11, 21-32, doi:10.1016/S0924-7963(96)00024-3. (Pubitemid 27140594)
60. Shirasawa, K., and M. P. Langleben (1976), Water drag on Arctic sea ice, J. Geophys. Res., 81(36), 6451-6454, doi:10.1029/JC081i036p06451.
61. Shirasawa, K., R. G. Ingram, and M. Aota (1989), Measurements in the boundary layer under landfast ice in the southeast Hudson Bay, Canada [in Japanese with English summary], Low Temp. Sci., Ser. A, 47, 213-221.
62. Skyllingstad, E. D., C. A. Paulson, W. S. Pegau, M. G. McPhee, and T. Stanton (2003), Effects of keels on ice bottom turbulence exchange, J. Geophys. Res., 108(C12), 3372, doi:10.1029/2002JC001488.
63. Steele, M., J. H. Morison, and N. Untersteiner (1989), The partition of airice- ocean momentum exchange as a function of ice concentration, floe size, and draft, J. Geophys. Res., 94(C9), 12,739-12,750, doi:10.1029/ JC094iC09p12739.
64. Steiner, N. (2001), Introduction of variable drag coefficients into sea-ice models, Ann. Glaciol., 33, 181-186, doi:10.3189/172756401781818149. (Pubitemid 34004607)
65. Tennekes, H., and J. L. Lumley (1972), A First Course in Turbulence, 300 pp., MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.
66. Wadhams, P. (2000), Ice in the Ocean, 351 pp., Gordon and Breach, Amsterdam.
67. Wamser, C., and D. G. Martinson (1993), Drag coefficients for winter Antarctic pack ice, J. Geophys. Res., 98(C7), 12,431-12,437, doi:10.1029/ 93JC00655.