Personality and the psychological refractory period: No evidence for an extraversion- or intelligence-related effect

Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science

Volumn 43, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 214-221

  Indermühle, Rebekka ^a   Troche, Stefan J ^a   Rammsayer, Thomas H ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Extraversion; Intelligence; Mental ability; Psychological refractory period; Reaction time

Indexed keywords

EID: 79960769254     PISSN: 0008400X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0024156     Document Type: Article

References (52)

1. Adam, J., Paas, F., Buekers, M., Wuyts, I., Spijkers, W., & Wallmeyer, P. (1999). Gender differences in choice reaction time: Evidence for differential strategies. Ergonomics, 42, 327-335.
2. Baumeister, A. A., & Kellas, G. (1967). Refractoriness in the reaction times of normals and retardates as a function of response-stimulus interval. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 75, 122-125.
3. Borger, R. (1963). The refractory period and serial choice-reactions. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 15, 1-12.
4. Brebner, J. (1990). Psychological and neurophysiological factors in stimulus-response compatibility. In R. W. Proctor & T. G. Reeve (Eds.), Stimulus-response compatibility (pp. 241-260). Amsterdam: Elsevier.
5. Brebner, J. (1998). Extraversion and the psychological refractory period. Personality and Individual Differences, 25, 543-551.
6. Brebner, J., & Cooper, C. (1985). A proposed unified model of extraversion. In J. T. Spence & C. E. Izard (Eds.), Motivation, emotion, and personality (pp. 219-229). Amsterdam: Elsevier Science Publishers.
7. Brody, N. (1992). Intelligence. San Diego, CA: Academic Press.
8. Bucik, V., & Neubauer, A. C. (1996). Bimodality in the Berlin model of intelligence structure (BIS): A replication study. Personality and Individual Differences, 21, 987-1005.
9. Bullock, W. A., & Gilliland, K. (1993). Eysenck's arousal theory of introversion-extraversion: A converging measures investigation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 113-123.
10. Cohen, J. (1983). The cost of dichotomization. Applied Psychological Measurement, 7, 249-253.
11. Cooper, L. A., & Regan, D. T. (1982). Attention, perception, and intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of human intelligence (pp. 123-169). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
12. Dane, S., & Erzurumluoglu, A. (2003). Sex and handedness differences in eye-hand visual reaction times in handball players. International Journal of Neuroscience, 113, 923-929. (Pubitemid 36975648)
13. Deary, I. J. (2000). Looking down on human intelligence: From psychometrics to the brain. New York: Oxford University Press.
14. Der, G., & Deary, I. J. (2006). Age and sex differences in reaction time in adulthood: Results from the United Kingdom Health and Lifestyle Survey. Psychology and Aging, 21, 62-73. (Pubitemid 44212047)
15. Doucet, C., & Stelmack, R. M. (1997). Movement time differentiates extraverts from introverts. Personality and Individual Differences, 23, 775-786. (Pubitemid 127165488)
16. Eysenck, H. J. (1971). Readings in extraversion-introversion. London: Staples.
17. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, M. W. (1985). Personality and individual differences. New York: Plenum Press.
18. Eysenck, H. J., & Eysenck, M. W. (1991). Manual of the Eysenck Personality Scales (EPS Adult). London: Hodder and Stoughton.
19. Helmbold, N., Troche, S., & Rammsayer, T. (2007). Processing of temporal and nontemporal information as predictors of psychometric intelligence: A structural-equation-modeling approach. Journal of Personality, 75, 985-1006.
20. Jäger, A. O. (1984). Intelligenzstrukturforschung: Konkurrierende Modelle, neue Entwicklungen, Perspektiven. Psychologische Rundschau, 35, 21-35.
21. Jäger, A. O., Süss, H-M., & Beauducel, A. (1997). Berliner Intelligenzstruktur-Test. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
22. Jensen, A. R. (1998). The g factor. Westport, CT: Praeger.
23. Jensen, A. R. (2006). Clocking the mind: Mental chronometry and individual differences. Amsterdam: Elsevier.
24. Jentzsch, I., Leuthold, H., & Ulrich, R. (2007). Decomposing sources of response slowing in the PRP paradigm. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 33, 610-626.
25. Joubert, C. E., & Baumeister, A. A. (1970). Effects of varying the length and frequency of response-stimulus interval on the reaction times of normal and mentally deficient subjects. Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology, 73, 105-110.
26. Luck, S. J. (1998). Sources of dual-task interference: Evidence from human electrophysiology. Psychological Science, 9, 223-227.
27. Marois, R., & Ivanoff, J. (2005). Capacity limits of information processing in the brain. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9, 296-305. (Pubitemid 40733682)
28. Muniz-Fernandez, J., & Paz-Caballero, M. D. (1984). Tiempo de reaccion y personalidad. Informes de Psyicologia, 3, 153-161.
29. Neubauer, A. C., & Bucik, V. (1996). The mental speed-IQ relationship: Unitary or modular? Intelligence, 22, 23-48. (Pubitemid 126161877)
30. Osman, A., & Moore, C. M. (1993). The locus of dual-task interference: Psychological refractory effects on movement-related brain potentials. Journal of Experimental Psychology, 19, 1292-1312.
31. Pashler, H. (1994). Dual-task interference in simple tasks: Data and theory. Psychological Bulletin, 116, 220-244.
32. Pashler, H., & Johnston, J. C. (1989). Chronometrie evidence for central postponement in temporally overlapping tasks. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 41 A, 19-45.
33. Rammsayer, T. (1995). Extraversion and alcohol: Eysenck's drug postulate revisited. Neuropsychobiology, 32, 197-207.
34. Rammsayer, T. (1998). Extraversion and dopamine. European Psychologist, 3, 37-50.
35. Rammsayer, T., & Stahl, J. (2004). Extraversion-related differences in response organization: Evidence from lateralized readiness potentials. Biological Psychology, 66, 35-49. (Pubitemid 38281179)
36. Rammsayer, T., & Troche, S. (2011). On sex-related differences in auditory and visual sensory functioning. Submitted.
37. Ruch, W. (1999). Die revidierte Fassung des Eysenck Personality Questionnaire und die Konstruktion des deutschen EPQ-R bzw. EPQ-RK. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 20, 1-24.
38. Ruthruff, E., Pashler, H., & Hazeltine, E. (2003). Dual-task interference with equal task emphasis: Graded capacity sharing or central postponement? Perception & Psychophysics, 65, 801-816. (Pubitemid 37544855)
39. Salthouse, T. A. (1996). The processing-speed theory of adult age differences in cognition. Psychological Review, 103, 403-428.
40. Sheppard, L. D., & Vernon, P. A. (2008). Intelligence and speed of information-processing: A review of 50 years of research. Personality and Individual Differences, 44, 535-551.
41. Shin, Y. K., & Proctor, R. W. (2008). Are spatial responses to visuaospatial stimuli and spoken responses to auditory letters ideomotor-compatible tasks? Examination of set-size effects on dual-task interference. Acta Psychologica, 129, 352-364.
42. Stahl, J., & Rammsayer, T. (2004). Differences in the transmission of sensory input into motor output between introverts and extraverts: Behavioral and psychophysiological analyses. Brain and Cognition, 56, 293-303. (Pubitemid 39441356)
43. Stelmack, R. M., Houlihan, M., & McGarry-Roberts, A. (1993). Personality, reaction time, and event-related potentials. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65, 399-409.
44. Stelmack, R. M., & Michaud-Achorn, A. (1985). Extraversion, attention, and habituation of auditory evoked response. Journal of Research in Personality, 19, 416-428. (Pubitemid 16203190)
45. Süss, H. M., Oberauer, K., Wittmann, W. W., Wilhelm, O., & Schulze, R. (2002). Working-memory capacity explains reasoning ability - and a little bit more. Intelligence, 30, 261-288.
46. Troche, S. J., Houlihan, M. E., Stelmack, R. M., & Rammsayer, T. H. (2009). Mental ability, P300, and mismatch negativity: Analysis of frequency and duration discrimination. Intelligence, 37, 365-373.
47. Troche, S. J., & Rammsayer, T. H. (2009a). The influence of temporal resolution power and working memory capacity on psychometric intelligence. Intelligence, 37, 479-486.
48. Troche, S. J., & Rammsayer, T. H. (2009b). Temporal and non-temporal sensory discrimination and their predictions of capacity- and speed-related aspects of psychometric intelligence. Personality and Individual Differences, 47, 52-57.
49. Ulrich, R., & Miller, J. (2008). Response grouping in the psychological refractory period (PRP) paradigm: Models and contamination effects. Cognitive Psychology, 57, 75-121.
50. VoIz, H-P., Nenadic, I., Gaser, C., Rammsayer, T., Hager, F., & Sauer, H. (2001). Time estimation in schiziophrenia: A fMRI study at adjusted levels of difficulty. Neuro Report, 12, 313-316.
51. Wickett, J. C., & Vernon, P. A. (2000). Replicating the movement time-extraversion link with a little help from IQ. Personality and Individual Differences, 28, 205-215.
52. Zuckerman, M. (2005). The psychobiology of personality. New York: Cambridge University Press.