Soil mix technology for land remediation: Recent innovations

Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers: Ground Improvement

Volumn 164, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 127-137

  Al Tabbaa, Abir ^a   Barker, Peter ^b   Evans, Chris W ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE   (United Kingdom)

^b Bachy SoletaBurscoughnche Limited   (United Kingdom)

^c HBR Limited   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Geotechnical engineering; Land reclamation; Research Development

Indexed keywords

BROWNFIELD PROJECTS; CHEMICAL OXIDATION; CONTAMINATED SITES; CUTOFF WALL; EQUIPMENT DEVELOPMENT; FIELD TRIAL; LAND REMEDIATION; LOW PERMEABILITY; MODIFIED CLAYS; PERMEABLE REACTIVE BARRIERS; REMEDIATION METHODS; REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGIES; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS; WIDE-RANGING APPLICATIONS;

CHEMICAL EQUIPMENT; GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING; INNOVATION; POLLUTION; REMEDIATION; RESEARCH; SILICATE MINERALS; SOILS; TECHNOLOGY;

LAND RECLAMATION;

BROWNFIELD SITE; GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING; INNOVATION; PERMEABILITY; REACTIVE BARRIER; RECLAIMED LAND; RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; SOIL REMEDIATION; SOIL STABILIZATION; SOLIDIFICATION;

EID: 79960704890     PISSN: 17550750     EISSN: 17550769     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1680/grim.2011.164.3.127     Document Type: Article

References (74)

1. Allu (2010) Allu Stabilisation System. See http://www.allu.net/index.php/en_en/stabilisation-system (accessed April 2010).
2. Al-Tabbaa A and Evans CW (2003) Deep soil mixing in the UK: geoenvironmental research and recent applications. Journal of Land Contamination and Reclamation 11(1): 1-14.
3. Al-Tabbaa A and Stegemann JA (2005) Stabilisation/solidification treatment and remediation. Proceedings of the International Conference, April. Taylor and Francis Group, London, UK, 485 pp.
4. Al-Tabbaa A, Barker P and Evans CW (2009a) Innovation in soil mix technology for remediation of contaminated land. Keynote lecture, Proceedings of the International Symposium on Deep Mixing and Admixture Stabilisation, Okinawa, May. Port and Airport Research Institute, Tokyo.
5. Al-Tabbaa A, Liska M, Jegandan S and Barker P (2009b) Overview of project SMiRT for integrated remediation and ground improvement. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Deep Mixing and Admixture Stabilisation, Okinawa, May. Port and Airport Research Institute, Tokyo.
6. Alther GR (2002a) Removing oils from water with organoclays. AWWA Journal 94(7): 115-121.
7. Alther GR (2002b) Organoclays trap PNAHs and creosote in permeable barriers. See http://www.biomininc.com/Alther.pdf (accessed April 2009).
8. Anon (2009) Mixing the hard with the soft. Ground Engineering March: p. 22.
9. Bachy Soletanche (2000) Remediation of polluted site - Pumpherston site restoration. Bachy Soletanche. Burscough, Lancashire, UK. Information sheet A258.
10. Bachy Soletanche (2005) Trenchmix Process. Bachy Soletanche. Burscough, Lancashire, UK. Information leaflet, Pr013A.
11. Barker PJ, Wyllie M and Esnault A (1996) Investigation, planning and execution of the remediation of Ardeer landfill, Scotland. Proceedings of the International Conference on Polluted and Marginal Land - 96. London, pp. 153-166.
12. Bauer (2004) CSM (Cutter Soil Mixing). Product Information, PI 49e. Bauer, Schrobenhausen, Germany.
13. Bauer (2010) SMW-Soil Mixing Wall System. Product Information, PI 39e. Bauer, Schrobenhausen, Germany.
14. Bauer/Bachy Soletanche (2004) Soil Mixing - CSM Wall Cutter Soil Mixing. Bachy Soletanche. Burscough, Lancashire, UK, Information sheet A418.
15. Bergaya F, Aouad A and Mandalia T (2006) Pillared clays and clay minerals. In Handbook of Clay Science (Bergaya F, Theng BKG and Lagaly G (eds)). Elsevier, London, chapter 7.5. pp. 393-425.
16. Bowman RS (2002) Surfactant-modified-zeolites (SMZ) and their applications to environmental remediation. See http://www.ees.nmt.edu/bowman/research/SMZ/ (accessed March 2009).
17. Bowman RS, Li Z, Roy SJ, Burt T, Johnson TL and Johnson RL (2001) Pilot test of a surfactant-modified zeolite permeable barrier for groundwater remediation. In Physical and chemical remediation of contaminated aquifers (Smith JA and Burns S (eds)). Kluwer Academic Publishers, the Netherlands, pp. 161-185.
18. Chien CC, Inyang HI and Everett LG (2005) Barrier Systems for Environmental Contaminant Containment and Treatment. Taylor and Francis, London, UK.
19. Conner JR (1990) Chemical Fixation and Solidification of Hazardous Waste. Van Nostrand Reinfeld, New York.
20. de Paiva LB, Morales AR and Valenzuela Diaz FR (2008) Organoclays: properties, preparations and applications. Applied Clay Science 42(1-2): 8-24.
21. Dyer A (1988) An Introduction to Zeolite Molecular Sieves. Wiley, Chichester.
22. Dyer O (2003) A Rock and a Hard Place, Eco-cement yet to cover ground in the building industry. The Guardian.
23. Erdema E, Karapinar N and Donat R (2004) The removal of heavy metal cations by natural zeolites. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 280(2): 309-314.
24. Eriksson H, Gunther J and Ruin, M (2005) MDM combined the advantages of dry and wet mixing. Proceedings of the International Conference on Deep Mixing - Best Practice and Recent Advances, Stockholm, May. Swedish Deep Stabilisation Research Centre, Linkoping, Sweden, pp. 509-520.
25. Evans CW (2005) In-situ soil mixing treatment of contaminated soils at Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin. Proceedings of the International Conference on Stabilisation/Solidification Treatment and Remediation, April. Balkema, Cambridge, UK, pp. 199-204.
26. Evans CW and Al-Tabbaa A (1999) Remediation of contaminated ground using soil mix technology: from research to commercialisation. Proceedingsof the 2nd BGS Geoenvironmental Engineering Conference: Ground Contamination, Pollution Management and Remediation. Thomas Telford, London, pp. 376-383.
27. Faschan A (1992) The use of organoclays to reduce organic waste volatilisation during solidification. Hazardous Waste and Hazardous Material 9(4): 345-354.
28. Gavaskar A, Gupta N and Sass B (1998) Permeable barriers for groundwater remediation. Battelle Press, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
29. Gil A, Gandia LM and Vicente MA (2008) Recent advances in the synthesis and catalytic applications of pillared clays. Catalysis Reviews: Science and Engineering 42(1): 145-212.
30. Grim RE (1968) Clay Mineralogy. McGraw-Hill, New York.
31. Gunther J, Holm G, Westberg G and Eriksson H (2004) Modified dry mixing (MDM) - A new possibility in deep mixing. Procs of GEO-TRANS, Los Angeles. ASCE Geotechnical Special Publication 126, Reston, VA, USA, pp. 1375-1384.
32. Harrison J (2003) New cements based on the addition of reactive magnesia to Portland cement with or without added pozzolan. Proceedings of the CIA Conference: Concrete in the Third Millenium. CIA: Brisbane, Australia. See www.tececo.com (accessed 04/04/2009).
33. Harrison J (2004) Reactive magnesium oxide cements. United States Patent 7347896.
34. Hosotani Y, Watanabe H, Ohya T et al. (2005) Power Blender Method: Mixing Method for Shallow and Intermediate Depths. US-Japan Workshop. Japanese Geotechnical Society, Tokyo.
35. Iyengar SR (2008) Application of Two Novel Magnesia-based Binders in Stabilisation/solidification Treatment Systems. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, UK.
36. Iyengar SR and Al-Tabbaa A (2008) Application of two novel magnesia-based cements in the stabilization/solidification of contaminated soils. GeoCongress 2008: The Challenges of Sustainability in the Geoenvironment, New Orleans. ASCE Publication, Reston, VA, USA, March, pp. 716-723.
37. Janotka I and Stevula L (1998) Effect of bentonite and zeolite on the durability of the cement suspension under sulphate attack. ACI Materials Journal 95(6): 710-715.
38. Janotka I, Krajci L and Dzivak M (2003) Properties and utilization of zeolite-blended Portland cements. Clays and Clay Minerals 51(6): 616-624.
39. Jegandan S, Liska M, Osman AA-M and Al-Tabbaa A (2010) Sustainable binders for soil stabilisation. ICS Journal of Ground Improvement 163(1): 53-61.
40. Kamon M (2000) Remediation Techniques by Use of Ground Improvement. ASCE, Geotechnical Special Publication, No 112, Reston, VA, USA, pp. 374-387.
41. Kamon M, Katsumi T, Inui T, Ogawa Y and Araki S (2006) Hydraulic performance of soil-bentonite mixture barrier. Proceedings of the 5th International Congress on Environmental Geotechnics, Cardiff. Thomas Telford, London, vol. 1, pp. 733-740.
42. Kempfert H-G (2003) Ground improvement methods with special emphasis on column-type techniques. Proceedings of the International Workshop on Geotechnics of Soft Soils - Theory and Practice, Noordwijkerhout, (Vermeer P, Schweiger H, Karstunen M and Cudny M (eds)). VGE, London, 12 pp.
43. LaGrega MD, Buckingham PL and Evans JC (2001) Hazardous Waste Management. McGraw Hill, New York.
44. Lin X, Burns RC and Lawrence GA (2005) Heavy metals in wastewater: the effect of electrolyte composition of the precipitation of cadmium (II) using lime and magnesia. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 165(1-4): 131-152.
45. Liska M (2009) Performance of Reactive Magnesia Cement and Porous Construction Products. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, UK.
46. Liska M and Al-Tabbaa A (2008) Performance of magnesia cements in pressed masonry units with natural aggregates: Production parameter optimisation. Journal of Construction and Building Materials 22(8): 1789-1797.
47. Liska M and Al-Tabbaa A (2009) Ultra-green construction: Reactive magnesia masonry products. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Waste and Resource Management 162(4): 185-196.
48. Liska M, Al-Tabbaa A, Carter K and Fifield J (2011a) Scaled-up commercial production of reactive magnesia-based pressed masonry units. Part 1: Production process. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Construction Materials, in press.
49. Liska M, Al-Tabbaa A, Carter K and Fifield J (2011b) Scaled-up commercial production of reactive magnesia-based pressed masonry units. Part II: Properties of the produced blocks. Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Construction Materials, in press.
50. Ma J and Zhu L (2006) Simultaneous sorption of phosphate and phenanthrene to inorgano-organo-bentonite from water. Journal of Hazardous Materials 136(3): 982-988.
51. Mathieu F, Borel S and Lefebvre L (2006) CSM: An innovative solution for mixed-in-situ retaining walls, cut-off walls and soil improvement. Proceedings of the DFI/EFFC 10th International Conference on Piling & Deep Foundations, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. DFI, New Jersey, USA.
52. Montgomery DM, Sollars CJ, Perry R, Tarling SE, Barnes P and Henderson E (1991) Treatment of organic-contaminated industrial wastes using cement-based stabilisation/ solidification - II. Microstructural analysis of the organophilic clay as pre-solidification adsorbent. Waste Management and Research 9(2): 113-125.
53. Mozgawa W and Bajda T (2005) Spectroscopic study of heavy metals sorption on clinoptilolite. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals 31(10): 706-713.
54. O'Keefe Soil Remediation (2001) Recycling Contaminated Land using Cement: Leyton school, Leytonstone. O'Keefe Soil Remediation Information Sheets. See www.okeefe.co.uk/soil_remediation/ (accessed 04/04/2009).
55. Osman AA-M (2007) Durability and Mechanical Properties of Deep-mixed Clays. PhD thesis, University of Cambridge.
56. Osman AA-M and Al-Tabbaa A (2006) Effect of zeolite and bentonite on the mechanical properties of cement-stabilised soft clay. Proceedings of Fourth International Conference on Soft Soil Engineering, Vancouver, October. ASCE, Reston, VA, USA, pp. 681-690.
57. Oste LA, Lexmond TM and Van Riemsdijk WH (2002) Metal immobilisation in soils using synthetic zeolites. Journal of Environmental Quality 31(3): 813-821.
58. Park JB, Lee SH, Lee JW and Lee CY (2002) Lab scale experimental for PRB against contaminated groundwater with ammonium and heavy metals using clinoptilolite (01-29B). Journal of Hazardous Materials 95(1): 75-79.
59. Pearce F (2002) Green foundations. New Scientist 175(2351): 39-41.
60. Porbaha A, Brown D, MacNab A and Short R (2002) Innovative European technologies to accelerate construction of embankment foundations - Part II: DM, FMI, Mass stabilization and CSV. Proceedings of the 27th Annual Conference on Deep Foundations, San Diego. ASCE, Reston, VA, USA, 12 pp.
61. Reyes A (2005) Utilisation of magnesium compounds for wastewater management in the electronics industry. AIChE Summer National Meeting, Boston, August, paper 48c, 19 pp.
62. Roehl KE, Meggyes T, Simon FG and Stewart DI (2005) Longterm Performance of Permeable Reactive Barriers. Elsevier, London.
63. Sansom MR (2000) In-situ Stabilisation of Chemical Waste. Construction Industry Research Information Association, London, Project Report 37.
64. Scherer MM, Richter S, Valentine RL and Alvarez PJJ (2000) Chemistry and microbiology of permeable reactive barriers for in situ groundwater clean up. Critical Reviews in Microbiology 26(4): 221-264.
65. Shand MA (2006) The Chemistry and Technology of Magnesia. John Wiley, London, UK.
66. Sidla and Schoenberger (2010) See www.sidlaschoenberger.de/sites/index_fmidichtwaende.html (accessed 15 September 2010).
67. Soletanche Bachy (2000) Remediation of Polluted Site - Brest Ballast Pond, Brittany, France. Soletanche Bachy, Cedex, France.
68. Soletanche Bachy (2006) Soil Mixing Method for Treating Polluted Soil. Information sheet, Pr016A. Soletanche Bachy, Cedex, France.
69. Soletanche Bachy (2007) Rehabilitation - Environmental Barrier Built using the Trenchmix system at Lége Cap-Ferret site. Soletanche Bachy, Cedex, France.
70. Soletanche Bachy (2008) Remediation of Polluted Site - Underground Gar Storage Centre at Céré La Ronde, France. Information sheet A494. Soletanche Bachy, Cedex, France.
71. Soletanche Bachy (2009) Centre de Stockage de Déchets - Réalisation d'une paroi étanche en Géomix. Information Sheet 543. Soletanche Bachy, Cedex, France.
72. Srinivasan KR and Fogler HS (1990) Use of inorgano-organoclays in the removal of priority pollutants from industrial wastewaters: structural aspects. Clays and Clay Minerals 38(3): 277-286.
73. Trauger RJ (1992) Organophilic clays for innovative groundwater and wastewater treatment. Proceedings of Caribbean Haztech'92, October. Second Annual Caribbean Haztech Environmental Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico. pp. 19-23.
74. Watanabe T, Nishimura S, Moriya M and Hirai T (1996) Development and application of new deep mixing soil improvement method to form a rectangular stabilized soil mass. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Ground Improvement Geosystems: Grouting and Deep Mixing, Tokyo. Balkema, the Netherlands, pp. 783-786.