The ins and outs of Mycobacterium tuberculosis drug susceptibility testing

Clinical Microbiology and Infection

Volumn 17, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 1128-1134

  Bottger E C ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ZURICH   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Molecular mechanisms; Resistance; Susceptibility testing; Treatment; Tuberculosis

Indexed keywords

AMIKACIN; CAPREOMYCIN; ETHAMBUTOL; ETHIONAMIDE; ISONIAZID; KANAMYCIN; OFLOXACIN; PYRAZINAMIDE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; RIFAMPICIN; STREPTOMYCIN;

ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY; EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; GENE FUNCTION; GENE MUTATION; HUMAN; MINIMUM INHIBITORY CONCENTRATION; MULTIDRUG RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; NONHUMAN; NORMAL DISTRIBUTION; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW;

MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS;

EID: 79960700059     PISSN: 1198743X     EISSN: 14690691     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03551.x     Document Type: Review

References (49)

1. WHO/IUATLD. Global project on anti-tuberculosis drug resistance surveillance. Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance in the world: third global report. WHO/HTM/TB/2004.343. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2004.
2. World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis control: surveillance, planning, financing. WHO report 2007. WHO/HTM/TB/2007.376. Geneva: WHO, 2007.
3. Canetti G, Froman S, Grosset J et al. Mycobacteria: laboratory methods for testing drug sensitivity and resistance. Bull World Health Organ 1963; 29: 565-578.
4. Schön T, Juréen P, Giske CG et al. Evaluation of wild-type MIC distributions as a tool for determination of clinical breakpoints for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 2009; 64: 786-793.
5. Böttger EC. Drug-resistant tuberculosis. Lancet 2001; 357: 1288-1289.
6. Kim SJ. Drug-susceptibility testing in tuberculosis: methods and reliability of results. Eur Respir J 2005; 25: 564-569.
7. Böttger EC, Springer B. Tuberculosis: drug resistance, fitness, and strategies for global control. Eur J Pediatr 2008; 167: 141-148.
8. Bodmer T, Zurcher G, Imboden P, Telenti A. Mutation position and type of substitution in the beta-subunit of the RNA polymerase influence in-vitro activity of rifamycins in rifampicin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1995; 35: 345-348.
9. Yang B, Koga H, Ohno H. et al. Relationship between antimycobacterial activities of rifampicin, rifabutin and KRM-1648 and rpoB mutations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998; 42: 621-628.
10. Böttger EC. Mechanisms of mycobacterial drug resistance: implications for treatment and prevention strategies. Chemother J 2006; 15: 23-28.
11. Springer B, Calligaris-Maibach RC, Ritter C, Bottger EC. Tuberculosis drug resistance in an area of low endemicity in 2004 to 2006: semiquantitative drug susceptibility testing and genotyping. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46: 4064-4067.
12. Meier A, Sander P, Schaper KJ, Scholz M, Bottger EC. Correlation of molecular resistance mechanisms and phenotypic resistance levels in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40: 2452-2454.
13. Victor TC, Warren R, Butt JL et al. Genome and MIC stability in Mycobacterium tuberculosis and indications for continuation of use of isoniazid in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis. J Med Microbiol 1997; 46: 847-857.
14. Böttger EC, Springer B. Mycobacterium tuberculosis: drug resistance and genetic mechanisms-facts, artifacts and fallacies. In: Kaufmann SHE, Walker B, eds. HIV and tuberculosis: a deadly liaison. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley VCH, 2009; 103-121.
15. Böttger EC Drug resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: molecular mechanisms and laboratory susceptibility testing. In: Donald PR, van Helden PD, eds. Progress in respiratory research. Basel: Karger; 2011; 1-17.
16. Kam KM, Yip CW, Cheung TL, Tang HS, Leung OC, Chan MY. Stepwise decrease in moxifloxacin susceptibility amongst clinical isolates of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: correlation with ofloxacin susceptibility. Microb Drug Resist 2006; 12: 7-11.
17. Chan RC, Hui M, Chan EW et al. Genetic and phenotypic characterization of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates in Hong Kong. J Antimicrob Chemother 2007; 59: 866-873.
18. Jacobson KR, Tierney DB, Jeon CY, Mitnick CD, Murray MB. Treatment outcomes among patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Infect Dis 2010; 51: 6-14.
19. Poissy J, Aubry A, Fernandez C et al. Should moxifloxacin be used for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? An answer from a murine model. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 4765-4771.
20. Vaddady PK, Lee RE, Meibohm B. In vitro pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models in anti-infective drug development: focus on TB. Future Med Chem 2010; 2: 1355-1369.
21. Mouton JW, van Ogtrop ML, Andes D, Craig WA. Use of pharmacodynamic indices to predict efficacy of combination therapy in vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1999; 43: 2473-2478.
22. Mitnick CD, Shin SS, Seung KJ et al. Comprehensive treatment of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. N Engl J Med 2008; 359: 563-574.
23. Kim DH, Kim HJ, Park SK et al. Treatment outcomes and long-term survival in patients with extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2008; 178: 1075-1082.
24. Tabarsi P, Chitsaz E, Baghaei P et al. Impact of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis on treatment outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients with standardized regimen: report from Iran. Microb Drug Resist 2010; 16: 81-86.
25. Chan ED, Iseman MD. Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: a review. Curr Opin Infect Dis 2008; 21: 587-595.
26. Chiang CY, Schaaf HS. Management of drug-resistant tuberculosis. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14: 672-682.
27. Hoek KGP, Schaaf HS, Gey van Pittius NC, van Helden PD, Warren RM. Resistance to pyrazinamide and ethambutol compromises MDR/XDR-TB treatment. S Afr Med J 2009; 99: 785-787.
28. Springer B, Lucke K, Calligaris-Maibach R, Ritter C, Bottger EC. Quantitative drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by use of MGIT 960 and EpiCenter instrumentation. J Clin Microbiol 2009; 47: 1773-1780.
29. Rouse DA, Li Z, Bai GH, Morris SL. Characterization of the katG and inhA genes of isoniazid-resistant clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1995; 39: 2472-2477.
30. Musser JM, Kapur V, Williams DL, Kreiswirth BN, van Soolingen D, van Embden JD. Characterization of the catalase-peroxidase gene (katG) and inhA locus in isoniazid-resistant and -susceptible strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by automated DNA sequencing: restricted array of mutations associated with drug resistance. J Infect Dis 1996; 173: 196-202.
31. Telenti A, Imboden P, Marchesi F et al. Detection of rifampicin-resistance mutations in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Lancet 1993; 341: 647-650.
32. Huitric E, Werngren J, Jureen P, Hoffner S. Resistance levels and rpoB gene mutations among in vitro-selected rifampin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis mutants. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2006; 50: 2860-2862.
33. Johnson R, Jordaan AM, Pretorius L et al. Ethambutol resistance testing by mutation detection. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2006; 10: 68-73.
34. Safi H, Fleischmann RD, Peterson SN, Jones MB, Jarrahi B, Alland D. Allelic exchange and mutant selection demonstrate that common clinical embCAB gene mutations only modestly increase resistance to ethambutol in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2010; 54: 103-108.
35. Finken M, Kirschner P, Meier A, Wrede A, Bottger EC. Molecular basis of streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis: alterations of the ribosomal protein S12 gene and point mutations within a functional 16S ribosomal RNA pseudoknot. Mol Microbiol 1993; 9: 1239-1246.
36. Sreevatsan S, Pan X, Stockbauer KE, Williams DL, Kreiswirth BN, Musser JM. Characterization of rpsL and rrs mutations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from diverse geographic localities. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1996; 40: 1024-1026.
37. Meier A, Kirschner P, Bange FC, Vogel U, Bottger EC. Genetic alterations in streptomycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis: mapping of mutations conferring resistance. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1994; 38: 228-233.
38. Okamoto S, Tamaru A, Nakajima C. Loss of a conserved 7-methylguanosine modification in 16S rRNA confers low-level streptomycin resistance in bacteria. Mol Microbiol 2007; 63: 1096-1106.
39. Sander P, Prammananan T, Bottger EC. Introducing mutations into a chromosomal rRNA gene using a genetically modified eubacterial host with a single rRNA operon. Mol Microbiol 1996; 22: 841-848.
40. Suzuki Y, Katsukawa C, Tamaru A et al. Detection of kanamycin-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis by identifying mutations in the 16S rRNA gene. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36: 1220-1225.
41. Alangaden GJ, Kreiswirth BN, Aouad A et al. Mechanism of resistance to amikacin and kanamycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1998; 42: 1295-1297.
42. Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Shinnick TM. Molecular analysis of cross-resistance to capreomycin, kanamycin, amikacin, and viomycin in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 3192-3197.
43. Jugheli L, Bzekalava N, de Rijk P, Fissette K, Portaels F, Rigouts L. High level of cross-resistance between kanamycin, amikacin, and capreomycin among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Georgia and a close relation with mutations in the rrs gene. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 5064-5068.
44. Shcherbakov D, Akbergenov R, Matt T, Sander P, Andersson DI, Böttger EC. Directed mutagenesis of Mycobacterium smegmatis 16S rRNA to reconstruct the in-vivo evolution of aminoglycoside resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Mol Microbiol 2010; 77: 830-840.
45. Krüüner A, Jureen P, Levina K, Ghebremichael S, Hoffner S. Discordant resistance to kanamycin and amikacin in drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47: 2971-2973.
46. Zaunbrecher MA, Sikes RD Jr, Metchock B, Shinnick TM, Posey JE. Overexpression of the chromosomally encoded aminoglycoside acetyltransferase eis confers kanamycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2009; 106: 20004-20009.
47. Feuerriegel S, Cox HS, Zarkua N et al. Sequence analyses of just four genes to detect extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients undergoing treatment. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2009; 53: 3353-3356.
48. Maus CE, Plikaytis BB, Shinnick TM. Mutation of tlyA confers capreomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2005; 49: 571-577.
49. Morlock GP, Metchock B, Sikes D, Crawford JT, Cooksey RC. ethA, inhA, and katG loci of ethionamide-resistant clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2003; 47: 3799-3805.