A "Principled resolution": The fulcrum for bioethics mediation

Law and Contemporary Problems

Volumn 74, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 177-200

  Dubler, Nancy Neveloff ^a  

^a NEW YORK CITY HEALTH AND HOSPITALS CORPORATION   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79960672805     PISSN: 00239186     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (53)

1. NANCY NEVELOFF DUBLER & CAROL B. LIEBMAN, BIOETHICS MEDIATION: A GUIDE TO SHAPING SHARED SOLUTIONS, REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION 14-15 (2011).
2. See generally TOM L. BEAUCHAMP & JAMES F. CHILDRESS, PRINCIPLES OF BIOMEDICAL ETHICS (5th ed. 2001).
3. ALBERT R. JONSEN, MARK SIEGLER & WILLIAM J. WINSLAD, CLINICAL ETHICS: A PRACTICAL APPROACH TO ETHICS DECISIONS IN CLINICAL MEDICINE (6th ed. 2006).
4. BERNARD LO, RESOLVING ETHICAL DILEMMAS: A GUIDE FOR CLINICIANS (4th ed. 2009).
5. LINDA FARBER POST, JEFFREY BLUSTEIN & NANCY DUBLER, HANDBOOK FOR HEALTH CARE ETHICS COMMITTEES (2007)
6. N.Y. STATE TASK FORCE ON LIFE AND THE LAW, WHEN OTHERS MUST CHOOSE: DECIDING FOR PATIENTS WITHOUT CAPACITY (1992).
7. N.Y. STATE TASK FORCE ON LIFE AND THE LAW, THE DETERMINATION OF DEATH (2d ed. 1986).
8. See generally TOM L. BEAUCHAMP & LEROY WALTERS, CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN BIOETHICS (6th ed. 2003).
9. N.Y. STATE TASK FORCE ON LIFE AND THE LAW, SURROGATE PARENTING, ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY (1988).
10. See generally JERRY MENIKOFF, LAW AND BIOETHICS: AN INTRODUCTION (2001)
11. See, e.g., Arthur L. Caplan & Edward J. Bergman, Beyond Schiavo, 18 J. CLINICAL ETHICS 340, 340 (2007).
12. Carol Liebman is a Clinical Professor at Columbia Law School
13. See generally John J. Paris, Court Intervention and the Diminution of Parents' Rights: The Case of Brother Joseph Fox, 303 NEW ENG. J. MED. 876 (1980).
14. See generally DAVID J. ROTHMAN, STRANGERS AT THE BEDSIDE: A HISTORY OF HOW LAW AND BIOETHICS TRANSFORMED MEDICAL DECISION MAKING (Aldine Transaction 2003) (1991).
15. Nancy Neveloff Dubler, The Legal Aspects of End-of-Life Decision Making, in CHALLENGES OF AN AGING SOCIETY: ETHICAL DILEMMAS, POLITICAL ISSUES 20 (Rachel A. Pruchno & Michael A. Smyer eds., 2007).
16. See, e.g., Canterbury v. Spence, 464 F.2d 772, 782-84 (D.C. Cir. 1969); Salgo v. Leland Stanford Jr. Univ. Bd. of Trs., 317 P.2d 170, 181 (Cal. Ct. App. 1957).
17. Division of Bioethics, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York
18. Leonard Marcus, Dir. of the Program for Health Care Negotiation and Conflict Resolution, Harvard Univ. School of Pub. Health, Remarks at the Montefiore Medical Center Mediation Training (Spring 1991).
19. JOINT COMM'N ON ACCREDITATION OF HEALTHCARE ORGS., ACCREDITATION MANUAL FOR HOSPITALS (1992 ed., 1991).
20. (Citing Bouvia v. Superior Court, 225 Cal. Rptr. 297, 306 (Cal. Ct. App. 1986)).
21. (Citing Cruzan v. Dir., Mo. Dep't of Health, 497 U.S. 261 (1990)).
22. (Citing Custody of a Minor, 379 N.E.2d 1053 (Mass. 1978)).
23. (Citing In re Conroy, 486 A.2d 1209 (N.J. 1985)).
24. Nancy Neveloff Dubler et al., Charting the Future: Credentialing, Privileging, Quality, and Evaluation in Clinical Ethics Consultation, HASTINGS CENTER REP., Nov.-Dec. 2009, at 23, 31.
25. See generally Mary Beth West & Joan McIver Gibson, Facilitating Medical Ethics Case Review: What Ethics Committees Can Learn from Mediation and Facilitation Techniques, 1 CAMBRIDGE Q. HEALTHCARE ETHICS 63 (1992).
26. Arthur S. Slutsky & Leonard D. Hudson, Care of an Unresponsive Patient with a Poor Prognosis, 360 NEW ENG. J. MED. 527, 528-29 (2009).
27. Gordon DuVal et al., What Triggers Requests for Ethics Consultations?, 27 J. MED. ETHICS. i24, i27 (2001) (finding conflict and emotionally based triggers prompt ethical consultation more frequently than cognitive-based dilemmas).
28. See also Atul Gawande, Letting Go: What Should Medicine Do When It Can't Save Your Life?, NEW YORKER, Aug. 2, 2010, at 33, available at http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2010/08/02/100802fa_fact_gawande (discussing differences in perspective and views on care among providers, patients, and family members when patients are dying).
29. See George J. Annas, "Culture of Life" Politics at the Bedside-The Case of Terri Schiavo, 352 NEW ENG. J. MED 1710 (2005).
30. Lawrence O. Gostin, Ethics, the Constitution, and the Dying Process: The Case of Theresa Marie Schiavo, 293 J. AM. MED. ASS'N 2403, 2403 (2005).
31. The first consultation service in Montefiore Medical Center began in 1978
32. AM. SOC'Y FOR BIOETHICS & HUMANITIES, TASK FORCE ON STANDARDS FOR BIOETHICS CONSULTATION 3 (2010) (noting that clinical ethics consultants and consultation are referred to as "health care ethics" consultants).
33. See Naomi Karp & Erica Wood, Incapacitated and Alone: Healthcare Decision Making for Unbefriended Older People, 31 HUM. RTS. 20, 20 (2004) (noting that the unrepresented patient is preferable because the patient may also be a younger, isolated, and perhaps mentally-ill person).
34. William H. McPherson, Grievance Mediation Under Collective Bargaining, 9 INDUS. & LAB. REL. REV. 200, 201-02 (1956).
35. Schloendorff v. Soc'y of N.Y. Hosp., 105 N.E. 92, 129-30 (1914).
36. James G. Adams & Joel Wegener, Acting Without Asking: An Ethical Analysis of the Food and Drug Administration Waiver of Informed Consent for Emergency Research, 33 ANNALS EMERGENCY MED. 218, 220 (1999).
37. James Ridgeway, Meet the Real Death Panels: Should Geezers Like Me Give Up Life-Prolonging Treatments To Cut Health Care Costs?, MOTHER JONES (July-Aug. 2010), http://motherjones.com/politics/2010/07/health-care-rationing-death-panels.
38. The following fact patterns were submitted anonymously by various providers over the years in the course of the author conducting bioethics mediation seminars. They were saved with no notation regarding physician, author, or institution.
39. Martina Doren, Helga Rehder & Wolfgang Holzgreve, Prenatal Diagnosis and Obstetric Management of Larsen's Syndrome in a Patient with an Unrecognized Family History of the Disease, 46 GYNECOLOGIC & OBSTETRIC INVESTIGATION 274, 275 (1998)
40. Judson R. Belmont & Kenneth Grundfast, Congenital Laryngeal Stridor (Laryngomalacia): Etiologic Factors and Associated Disorders, 93 ANNALS OTOLOGY, RHINOLOGY & LARYNGOLOGY 430, 435-36 (1984).
41. Mizuki Nishino et al., Excessive Collapsibility of Bronchi in Bronchiectasis: Evaluation on Volumetric Expiratory High-Resolution, 30 J. COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY 474, 474 (2006).
42. See Brian S. Carter & Steven R. Leutner, The Ethics of Withholding/Withdrawing Nutrition in the Newborn, 27 SEMINARS PERINATOLOGY 480, 482-85 (2003) (eloquently describing the process of parents "negotiating" the child's best interest).
43. Phoebe A. Haddon, Baby Doe Cases: Compromise and Moral Dilemma, 34 EMORY L.J. 545, 585-88 (1985).
44. Brian S. Carter, Ethical Issues in Neonatal Care, WEBMD (July 16, 2009), http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/978997-overview.
45. Alan R. Fleischman, Neonatal Care, in THE HASTINGS CENTER BIOETHICS BRIEFING BOOK 121, 123 (Mary Crowley ed., 2008).
46. 45 C.F.R. § 1340.15(b)(2) (2008) (emphasis added).
47. Kim Hayes et al., G.I. Anomalies in Pediatric and Newborn Care, SURFNEON.COM (Nov. 16, 2005), http://www.surfneon.com/nu/gi.html.
48. See ROBERT S. LAWRENCE, JENNIFER APPLETON GOOTMAN & LESLIE J. SIM, NATIONAL RESEARCH COUNCIL AND INSTITUTE OF MEDICINE OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES, ADOLESCENT HEALTH SERVICES: MISSING OPPORTUNITIES 180-81 (2009).
49. See generally AM. MED. ASS'N, GUIDELINES FOR ADOLESCENT PREVENTIVE SERVICES: RECOMMENDATIONS MONOGRAPH (1997).
50. Planned Parenthood of Cent. Mo. v. Danforth, 428 U.S. 52, 74 (1976); see also O'Connor v. Pierson, 426 F.3d 187, 201 (2d Cir. 2005) (holding that sensitive medical information is "of the most intimate kind" and the right to privacy includes the right to maintain medical confidentiality); City of Akron v. Akron Ctr. for Reprod. Health, 462 U.S. 416, 417 (1983) (holding that a state cannot make a blanket decision that all minors are too immature to consent to an abortion, or that an abortion may never be in the minor's best interests without parental consent).
51. Schloendorff v. Soc'y of N.Y. Hosp., 105 N.E. 92, 129-30 (1914).
52. Comm. on Pediatric Emergency Med., Am. Acad. of Pediatrics, Consent for Emergency Medical Services for Children and Adolescents, 111 PEDIATRICS 703, 705 (2003).
53. Ann Maradiegue, Minor's Rights Versus Parental Rights: Review of Legal Issues in Adolescent Health Care, 48 J. MIDWIFERY & WOMEN'S HEALTH 170, 171 (2003).