The Primacy of Thinking About Possibilities in the Development of Reasoning

Developmental Psychology

Volumn 47, Issue 4, 2011, Pages 1000-1011

  Gauffroy, Caroline ^a   Barrouillet, Pierre ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF GENEVA   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Cognitive development; Conditional reasoning; Mental models; Metacognition

Indexed keywords

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; ARTICLE; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMAN; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; LANGUAGE; LEARNING; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PHYSIOLOGY; PROBLEM SOLVING; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; SEMANTICS; THINKING;

ADOLESCENT; ADULT; AGE FACTORS; ANALYSIS OF VARIANCE; CHILD; CRITICAL PERIOD (PSYCHOLOGY); FEMALE; HUMAN DEVELOPMENT; HUMANS; LANGUAGE; MALE; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PROBLEM SOLVING; PSYCHOLOGICAL THEORY; SEMANTICS; THINKING; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79960440941     PISSN: 00121649     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1037/a0023269     Document Type: Article

References (39)

1. Barrouillet P., Gauffroy C., Lecas J.F. Mental models and the suppositional account of conditionals. Psychological Review 2008, 115:760-771. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.115.3.760.
2. Barrouillet P., Grosset N., Lecas J.F. Conditional reasoning by mental models: Chronometric and developmental evidence. Cognition 2000, 75:237-266. doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(00)00066-4.
3. Barrouillet P., Lecas J.F. How can mental models account for content effects in conditional reasoning? A developmental perspective. Cognition 1998, 67:209-253. doi: 10.1016/S0010-0277(98)00037-7.
4. Barrouillet P., Lecas J.F. Mental models in conditional reasoning and working memory. Thinking & Reasoning 1999, 5:289-302. doi: 10.1080/135467899393940.
5. Barrouillet P., Lecas J.F. Content and context effects in children's and adults' conditional reasoning. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology A: Human Experimental Psychology 2002, 55:839-854.
6. Braine M.D.S. The natural approach to reasoning. Reasoning, necessity, and logic: Developmental perspectives 1990, 135-158. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. W.F. Overton (Ed.).
7. Brainerd C.J., Reyna V.F. Fuzzy-trace theory: Dual processes in memory, reasoning, and cognitive neurosciences. Advances in Child Development and Behavior 2001, 28:41-100.
8. Byrnes J.P., Overton W.F. Reasoning about logical connectives: A developmental analysis. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 1988, 46:194-218. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(88)90057-4.
9. Case R. The mind's staircase 1992, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
10. Dias M.G., Harris P.L. The effect of make-believe play on deductive reasoning. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1988, 6:207-221.
11. Dias M.G., Harris P.L. The influence of imagination on reasoning by young children. British Journal of Developmental Psychology 1990, 8:305-318.
12. Evans J.St.B.T. Reasoning and argument in psychology. British Journal of Psychology 1982, 73:151-152.
13. Evans J.St.B.T., Handley S.J., Over D.E. Conditionals and conditional probability. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition 2003, 29:321-335. doi: 10.1037/0278-7393.29.2.321.
14. Gauffroy C., Barrouillet P. Heuristic and analytic processes in mental models for conditionals: An integrative developmental theory. Developmental Review 2009, 29:249-282. doi: 10.1016/j.dr.2009.09.002.
15. Halford G.S. Children's understanding: The development of mental models 1993, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
16. Harris P.L., Nunez M. Understanding of permission rules by preschool children. Child Development 1996, 67:1572-1591. doi: 10.2307/1131719.
17. Inhelder B., Piaget J. The growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence 1958, Basic Books, New York, NY, doi: 10.1037/10034-000.
18. Johnson-Laird P.N. Mental models 1983, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England.
19. Johnson-Laird P.N. How we reason? 2006, Oxford University Press, Oxford, England.
20. Johnson-Laird P.N., Byrne R.M.J. Deduction 1991, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
21. Johnson-Laird P.N., Byrne R.M.J. Conditionals: A theory of meaning, pragmatics, and inference. Psychological Review 2002, 109:646-678. doi: 10.1037/0033-295X.109.4.646.
22. Kuhn D., Amsel E., O'Loughlin M. The development of scientific thinking skills 1988, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
23. Kushnir T., Gopnik A. Conditional probability versus spatial contiguity in causal learning: Preschoolers use new contingency evidence to overcome prior spatial assumptions. Developmental Psychology 2007, 43:186-196. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.43.1.186.
24. Lecas J.F., Barrouillet P. Understanding of conditional rules in childhood and adolescence: A mental models approach. Cahiers de Psychologie Cognitive/Current Psychology of Cognition 1999, 18:363-396.
25. Light P., Blaye A., Gilly M., Girotto V. Pragmatic schemas and logical reasoning in 6- to 8-year-old children. Cognitive Development 1989, 4:49-64. doi: 10.1016/0885-2014(89)90004-X.
26. Markovits H. The development of conditional reasoning: A Piagetian reformulation of mental models theory. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly: Journal of Developmental Psychology 1993, 39:131-158.
27. Markovits H., Barrouillet P. The development of conditional reasoning: A mental model account. Developmental Review 2002, 22:5-36. doi: 10.1006/drev.2000.0533.
28. Markovits H., Fleury M.L., Quinn S., Venet M. The development of conditional reasoning and the structure of semantic memory. Child Development 1998, 69:742-755.
29. Markovits H., Thompson V. Different developmental patterns of simple deductive and probabilistic inferential reasoning. Memory & Cognition 2008, 36:1066-1078. doi: 10.3758/MC.36.6.1066.
30. Markovits H., Vachon R. Reasoning with contrary-to-fact propositions. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 1989, 47:398-412. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(89)90021-0.
31. Markovits H., Vachon R. Conditional reasoning, representation, and level of abstraction. Developmental Psychology 1990, 26:942-951. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.26.6.942.
32. Morra S., Gobbo C., Marini Z., Sheese R. Cognitive development: Neo-Piagetian perspectives 2008, Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
33. Moshman D. The development of metalogical understanding. Reasoning, necessity, and logic: Developmental perspectives 1990, 205-225. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ. W.F. Overton (Ed.).
34. O'Brien D., Overton W.F. Conditional reasoning following contradictory evidence: A developmental analysis. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology 1980, 30:44-61. doi: 10.1016/0022-0965(80)90074-0.
35. Perner J., Sprung M., Steinkogler B. Counterfactual conditionals and false belief: A developmental dissociation. Cognitive Development 2004, 19:179-201. doi: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2003.12.001.
36. Piaget, J. (1987). Possibility and necessity: The role of possibility in cognitive development (H. Feider, Trans.). Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
37. Rafetseder E., Cristi-Vargas R., Perner J. Counterfactual reasoning: Developing a sense of " nearest possible world." Child Development 2010, 81:376-389. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01401.x.
38. Schroyens W. Mistaking the instance for the rule: A critical analysis of the truth-table evaluation paradigm. Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 2010, 63:246-259. doi: 10.1080/17470210902888726.
39. Ward S.L., Overton W.F. Semantic familiarity, relevance, and the development of deductive reasoning. Developmental Psychology 1990, 26:488-493. doi: 10.1037/0012-1649.26.3.488.