A structured self-monitoring of blood glucose approach in type 2 diabetes encourages more frequent, intensive, and effective physician interventions: Results from the STeP study

Diabetes Technology and Therapeutics

Volumn 13, Issue 8, 2011, Pages 797-802

  Polonsky, William H ^a   Fisher, Lawrence ^b   Schikman, Charles H ^c   Hinnen, Deborah A ^d   Parkin, Christopher G ^e   Jelsovsky, Zhihong ^f   Axel Schweitzer, Matthias ^g   Petersen, Bettina ^g   Wagner, Robin S ^g  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^c NORTHSHORE UNIVERSITY HEALTHSYSTEM   (United States)

^d Mid America Diabetes Associates PA   (United States)

^e CG Parkin Communications Inc   (United States)

^f BioStat International Inc   (United States)

^g Roche Diagnostics Corporation   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

2,4 THIAZOLIDINEDIONE DERIVATIVE; GLUCOSE; HEMOGLOBIN A1C; INCRETIN;

ADULT; ALGORITHM; ARTICLE; BLOOD GLUCOSE MONITORING; CLINICAL EFFECTIVENESS; CLINICAL PRACTICE; CONTROLLED STUDY; EARLY INTERVENTION; FEMALE; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; HUMAN; INTERVENTION STUDY; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MALE; NON INSULIN DEPENDENT DIABETES MELLITUS; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; PARTICIPATORY MANAGEMENT; PATIENT PARTICIPATION; PHYSICIAN ATTITUDE; PRIMARY MEDICAL CARE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SELF MONITORING; TREATMENT INDICATION;

BLOOD GLUCOSE SELF-MONITORING; DIABETES MELLITUS, TYPE 2; FEMALE; HEMOGLOBIN A, GLYCOSYLATED; HUMANS; HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENTS; INCRETINS; LINEAR MODELS; MALE; MIDDLE AGED; PHYSICIANS, PRIMARY CARE; THIAZOLIDINEDIONES;

EID: 79960421232     PISSN: 15209156     EISSN: 15578593     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1089/dia.2011.0073     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2010. Diabetes Care 2010;33(Suppl 1):S11-S61.
2. Rodbard HW, Blonde L, Braithwaite SS, Brett EM, Cobin RH, Handelsman Y, Hellman R, Jellinger PS, Jovanovic LG, Levy P,. Mechanick JI, Zangeneh F; AACE Diabetes Mellitus Clinical Practice Guidelines Task Force: American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists medical guidelines for clinical practice for the management of diabetes mellitus. Endocr Pract 2007;13(Suppl 1):1-68.
3. International Diabetes Federation Clinical Guidelines Task Force. Global guideline for type 2 diabetes 2005 www.idf .org (accessed December 15, 2010)
4. The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. The Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group. N Engl J Med 1993;329:977-986.
5. Evans JM, Newton RW, Ruta DA, MacDonald TM, Stevenson RJ, Morris AD: Frequency of blood glucose monitoring in relation to glycaemic control: observational study with diabetes database. BMJ 1999;319:83-86. (Pubitemid 29313236)
6. Nathan DM, McKitrick C, Larkin M, Schaffran R, Singer DE: Glycemic control in diabetes mellitus: have changes in therapy made a difference? Am J Med 1996;100:157-163. (Pubitemid 26062509)
7. Ipp E, Aquino RL, Christenson P: Point: self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients not receiving insulin: the sanguine approach. Diabetes Care 2005;28: 1528-1530. (Pubitemid 40756732)
8. Davidson MB: Counterpoint: self-monitoring of blood glucose in type 2 diabetic patients not receiving insulin: a waste of money. Diabetes Care 2005;28:1531-1533. (Pubitemid 40756733)
9. Karter AJ, Parker MM, Moffet HH, Spence MM, Chan J, Ettner SL, Selby JV: Longitudinal study of new and prevalent use of self-monitoring of blood glucose. Diabetes Care 2006;29:1757-1763. (Pubitemid 44156626)
10. Guerci B, Drouin P, Grange V, Bougneres P, Fontaine P, Kerlan V, Passa P, Thivolet C, Vialettes B, Charbonnel B: Self-monitoring of blood glucose significantly improves metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: the Auto-Surveillance Intervention Active (ASIA) study. Diabetes Metab 2003;29:587-594. (Pubitemid 38082160)
11. Schwedes U, Siebolds M, Mertes G: Meal-related structured self-monitoring of blood glucose: effect on diabetes control in non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetic patients. Diabetes Care 2002;25:1928-1932. (Pubitemid 41071046)
12. Barnett AH, Krentz AJ, Strojek K, Sieradzki J, Azizi F, Embong M, Imamoglu S, Perusicova J, Uliciansky V, Winkler G: The efficacy of self-monitoring of blood glucose in the management of patients with type 2 diabetes treated with a gliclazide modified release-based regimen. A multicentre, randomized, parallel-group, 6-month evaluation (DINAMIC 1 study). Diabetes Obes Metab 2008;10:1239-1247.
13. Duran A, Martin P, Runkle I, Perez N, Abad R, Fernandez M, Del Valle L, Sanz MF, Calle-Pascual AL: Benefits of selfmonitoring blood glucose in the management of new-onset Type 2 diabetes mellitus: the St Carlos Study, a prospective randomized clinic-based interventional study with parallel groups. J Diabetes 2010;2:203-211.
14. Bonomo K, De Salve A, Fiora E, Mularoni E, Massucco P, Poy P, Pomero A, Cavalot F, Anfossi G, Trovati M: Evaluation of a simple policy for pre- and post-prandial blood glucose selfmonitoring in people with type 2 diabetes not on insulin. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2010;87:246-251.
15. Polonsky WH, Fisher L, Schikman CH, Hinnen DA, Parkin CG, Jelsovsky Z, Petersen B, Schweitzer M, Wagner RS: Structured self-monitoring of blood glucose significantly reduces A1C levels in poorly controlled, noninsulin-treated type 2 diabetes: results from the Structured Testing Program study. Diabetes Care 2011;34:262-267.
16. Farmer A, Wade A, Goyder E, Yudkin P, French D, Craven A, Holman R, Kinmonth AL, Neil A: Impact of self monitoring of blood glucose in the management of patients with non-insulin treated diabetes: open parallel group randomised trial. BMJ 2007;335:132.
17. Davidson MB, Castellanos M, Kain D, Duran P: The effect of self monitoring of blood glucose concentrations on glycated hemoglobin levels in diabetic patients not taking insulin: a blinded, randomized trial. Am J Med 2005;118:422-425. (Pubitemid 40461003)
18. O'Kane MJ, Bunting B, Copeland M, Coates VE: Efficacy of self monitoring of blood glucose in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes (ESMON study): randomised controlled trial. BMJ 2008;336:1174-1177. (Pubitemid 351809278)
19. International Diabetes Federation Clinical Guidelines Task Force and International SMBG Working Group: Global Guideline on Self-monitoring of Blood Glucose in Non- Insulin Treated Type 2 Diabetes. 2009. www.idf.org (accessed December 15, 2010).
20. Phillips LS, Branch WT, Cook CB, Doyle JP, El-Kebbi IM, Gallina DL, Miller CD, Ziemer DC, Barnes CS: Clinical inertia. Ann Intern Med 2001;135:825-834. (Pubitemid 33051266)
21. Brown JB, Nichols GA: Slow response to loss of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Manag Care 2003; 9:213-217. (Pubitemid 36372212)
22. Nichols GA, Koo YH, Shah SN: Delay of insulin addition to oral combination therapy despite inadequate glycemic control: delay of insulin therapy. J Gen Intern Med 2007;22: 453-458. (Pubitemid 46941217)
23. Brown JB, Nichols GA, Perry A: The burden of treatment failure in type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care 2004;27:1535-1540. (Pubitemid 38857422)
24. Ziemer DC, Miller CD, Rhee MK, Doyle JP, Watkins C Jr., Cook CB, Gallina DL, El-Kebbi IM, Barnes CS, Dunbar VG, Branch WT Jr, Phillips LS: Clinical inertia contributes to poor diabetes control in a primary care setting. Diabetes Educ 2005;31:564-571. (Pubitemid 41187205)
25. Jones S, Benroubi M, Castell C, Goday, A, Liebl A, Timlin L, Nicolay C, Simpson A, Tynan A: Characteristics of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus initiating insulin therapy: baseline data from the INSTIGATE study. Curr Med Res Opin 2009;25:691-700.
26. Polonsky WH, Jelsovsky Z, Panzera S, Parkin CG, Wagner RS: Primary care physicians identify and act upon glycemic abnormalities found in structured, episodic blood glucose monitoring data from non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Technol Ther 2009;11:283-291.
27. Polonsky W, Fisher L, Schikman C, Hinnen DA, Parkin CG, Jelsovsky Z, Petersen B, Schweitzer M, Wagner RS: The value of episodic, intensive blood glucose monitoring in non-insulin treated persons with type 2 diabetes: design of the Structured Testing Program (STeP) study, a clusterrandomised, clinical trial [NCT00674986]. BMC Fam Pract 2010;11:37.
28. World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki. Recommendations guiding physicians in biomedical research involving human subjects. JAMA 1997;277:925-926.
29. Wolfinger R, O'Connell M: Generalized linear mixed models: a pseudo-likelihood approach. J Stat Computation Simulation 1993;48:233-243.
30. SAS Institute: SAS/STAT User's Guide, Vol. 8. Cary, NC: SAS Institute, Inc., 1999.