The effect of hydraulic loading rates on nitrogen removal by using a biological filter proposed for ventilated improved pit latrines

International Journal of Environmental Research

Volumn 5, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 119-126

  Coetzee, M A A ^a   Roux Van, M M P ^a   Badenhorst, J ^a  

^a TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Ammonia volatilization; Biomass assimilation; De nitrification; Nitrification; Urea

Indexed keywords

AMMONIA; BIOMASS; CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND; CONCENTRATION (COMPOSITION); DENITRIFICATION; EFFLUENT; SANITATION; VENTILATION; VOLATILIZATION;

EID: 79960333550     PISSN: 17356865     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (26)

1. AHPA, (2005). American Public Health Association. Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 21 th edition, American Public Heath Association, Washington, D.C.
2. Biesterfield, S., Farmer, G., Figueroa, L., Parker, D. and Russell, P. (2003). Quantification of de-nitrification potential in carbonaceous trickling filters. Water Research, 37, 4011-4017.
3. Chen, S., Ling, J. and Blanchheton, J. (2006). Nitrification kinetics of biofilm as affected by water quality factors. Aquacultural Engineering, 34, 179-197.
4. Cofie, O. O., Agbottah, S., Strauss, M., Esseku, H., Montangero, A., Awuah, E. and Kone, D. (2006). Solidliquid separation of faecal sludge using drying beds in Ghana: Implications for nutrient recycling in urban agriculture. Water Research, 40, 75-82.
5. Dinçer, A. R. and Kargi, F. (2000). Kinetics of sequential nitrification and de-nitrification processes. Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 27, 37-42.
6. Dzwairo, B., Hoko, Z., Love, D. and Guzha, E. (2006). Assessment of the impacts of pitlatrines on groundwater quality in rural areas: A case study from Marondera district, Zimbabwe. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 31, 779-788.
7. Eding, E. H., Kamstra, A., Verreth, J. A. J., Huisman, E. A. and Klapwijk, A. (2006). Design and operation of nitrifying trickling filters in recirculating aquaculture: A review. Quacultural Engineering, 34, 234-260.
8. Fowler, G. J. (2007). An introduction to the Biochemistry of Nitrogen Conservation, Butler and Tanner Ltd, London.
9. Glass C. and Silverstein J. (1998). De-nitrification kinetics of high nitrate concentration water: pH effect on inhibition and nitrite accumulation. Water Research, 3, 831-839.
10. Glass C. and Silverstein J. (1999). De-nitrification of highnitrate, high-salinity wastewater. Water Research, 33 (1), 223-229.
11. Grady, C.P.L. and Lim H.C. (1980). Biological Treatment Processes. Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York.
12. Grady, C. P. L., Daigger, G. T. and LIM, H. C. (1999). Biological Wastewater Treatment, 2 nd edition, Marcel Dekker, Inc, New York.
13. Ingallinella, A. M., Sanguinetti, G., Koottatep, T., Montangero, A. and Strauss, M. (2002). The challenge of faecal sludge management in urban areas- strategies, regulations and treatment options. Water Science and Technology, 46 (10), 285-294.
14. Keller, G. and Warrack, B. (2000). Statistics for Management and Economics. 5 th edition, Duxbury Thomson Learning, New York.
15. Maurer, M., Pronk, W. and Larsen, T. A. (2006). Treatment processes for source-separated urine. Water Research, 40, 3151-3166.
16. Metcalf and Eddy Inc. (2003). Wastewater Engineering, Treatment, Disposal and Reuse, 4 th Edition, McGraw-Hill, New York.
17. Morgenroth, E. and Wilderer, P.A. (2000). Influence of detachment mechanisms on competition in biofilms. Water Research, 34 (2), 417-426.
18. Mudliar, S., Banerjee, S., Viadya, A. and Devotta, S. (2008). Steady state model for evaluation of external and internal mass transfer effects in an immobilized biofilm. Bioresource Technology, 99, 3468-3474.
19. Rauch, W., Vanhooren, H. and Vanrolleghem, P. A. (1999). A simplified mixed-culture biofilm model. Water Research, 33, 2148-2162.
20. Ronteltap, M., Khadka, R., Sinnathurai, A.R. and Maessen, S. (2010). Integration of human excreta management and solid waste management in practice. Desalination, 251, 369-376. Available online: www.elsevier.com/locate/desal.
21. Schouw, N. L., Danteravanich, S., Mosbaek, H. and Tjell, J. C. (2002). Composition of human excreta - a case study from Southern Thailand. The Science of the Total Environment, 286, 155-166.
22. Strauss, M., Larmie, S.A., Heinss, U. and Montangero, A. (2000). Treating faecal sludge in ponds. Water Science and Technology, 42 (10), 283-290.
23. Suthar, S., Bishnoi, P., Singh, S., Mutiyar, P. K., Nema, A.K. and Patil, N. S. (2009). Nitrate contamination in groundwater of some rural areas of Rajasthan, India. Journal of Hazardous Materials, Available online at www.elsevier.com/locate/hazmat.
24. Udert, K. M., Larsen, T.A., Biebow, M. and Gujer, W. (2003). Urea hydrolysis and precipitation dynamics in a urine-collecting system. Water Research, 37, 2571-2582
25. Von Münch, E. and Mayumbelo, K. M. K. (2007). Methodology to compare costs of sanitation options for low-income peri-urban areas in Lusaka, Zambia. Water SA., 33 (5), 593-602.
26. Zingoni, E., Love, D., Magadza, C., Moyce, W. and Musiwa, K. (2005). Effects of semi-formal urban settlement on groundwater quality Epworth (Zimbabwe): Case study and groundwater quality zoning. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, 30, 680-688.