War and bereavement: Consequences for mental and physical distress

PLoS ONE

Volumn 6, Issue 7, 2011, Pages

  Morina, Nexhmedin ^a   von Lersner, Ulrike ^b   Prigerson, Holly G ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF AMSTERDAM   (Netherlands)

^b HUMBOLDT UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

^c HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ANXIETY DISORDER; ARTICLE; BEREAVEMENT; CONTROLLED STUDY; DISTRESS SYNDROME; FEMALE; GENERAL HEALTH QUESTIONNAIRE; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; MAJOR DEPRESSION; MALE; MENTAL STRESS; PHYSICAL STRESS; POSTTRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; SUICIDAL BEHAVIOR; WAR; DEMOGRAPHY; GRIEF; HEALTH; MENTAL DISEASE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS; PREVALENCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STATISTICS; SUICIDE;

ADULT; BEREAVEMENT; DEMOGRAPHY; FEMALE; GRIEF; HEALTH; HUMANS; MALE; MENTAL DISORDERS; PREVALENCE; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; STRESS DISORDERS, POST-TRAUMATIC; STRESS, PHYSIOLOGICAL; STRESS, PSYCHOLOGICAL; SUICIDE; WAR; YOUNG ADULT;

EID: 79960200447     PISSN: None     EISSN: 19326203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0022140     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Machel G, (2001) The impact of war on children: a review of progress since the 1996 United Nations Report on the impact of armed conflict on children London Hurst.
2. Wexler ID, Branski D, Kerem E, (2006) War and children. JAMA 296 (5): 579-581.
3. Attanayake V, McKay R, Joffres M, Singh S, Burkle F Jr, Mills E, (2009) Prevalence of mental disorders among children exposed to war: a systematic review of 7,920 children. Med Confl Surviv 25 (1): 4-19.
4. Lustig SL, Kia-Keating M, Knight WG, Geltman P, Ellis H, et al. (2004) Review of child and adolescent refugee mental health. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 43 (1): 24-36.
5. Priebe S, Bogic M, Ajdukovic D, Franciskovic T, Galeazzi GM, et al. (2010) Mental disorders following war in the Balkans: A study in 5 countries. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010 67 (5): 518-528.
6. Steel Z, Chey T, Silove D, Marnane C, Bryant RA, et al. (2009) Association of torture and other potentially traumatic events with mental health outcomes among populations exposed to mass conflict and displacement: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA 302 (5): 537-549.
7. Harrison L, Harrington R, (2001) Adolescents' bereavement experiences. Prevalence, association with depressive symptoms, and use of services. J Adolesc 24 (2): 159-169.
8. Kranzler EM, Shaffer D, Wasserman G, Davies M, (1990) Early childhood bereavement. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 29 (4): 513-520.
9. Melhem NM, Walker M, Moritz G, Brent DA, (2008) Antecedents and sequelae of sudden parental death in offspring and surviving caregivers. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 162 (5): 403-410.
10. Wilcox HC, Kuramoto SJ, Lichtenstein P, Langstrom N, Brent DA, et al. (2010) Psychiatric morbidity, violent crime, and suicide among children and adolescents exposed to parental death. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 49 (5): 514-523.
11. Brent D, Melhem N, Donohoe MB, Walker M, (2009) The incidence and course of depression in bereaved youth 21 months after the loss of a parent to suicide, accident, or sudden natural death. Am J Psychiatry 166 (7): 786-794.
12. Stroebe M, Schut H, Stroebe W, (2007) Health outcomes of bereavement. Lancet 370 (9603): 1960-1973.
13. Prigerson HG, Frank E, Kasl SV, Reynolds CF, Anderson B, et al. (1995) Complicated grief and bereavement-related depression as distinct disorders: preliminary empirical validation in elderly bereaved spouses. Am J Psychiatry 152 (1): 22-30.
14. Prigerson HG, Shear MK, Jacobs SC, Reynolds CF, Maciejewski PK, (1999) Consensus criteria for traumatic grief. A preliminary empirical test. Br J Psychiatry 174: 67-73.
15. Reynolds CF 3rd, Miller MD, Pasternak RE, Frank E, Perel JM, et al. (1999) Treatment of bereavement-related major depressive episodes in later life: a controlled study of acute and continuation treatment with nortriptyline and interpersonal psychotherapy. Am J Psychiatry 156 (2): 202-208.
16. Shear K, Frank E, Houck PR, Reynolds CF, (2005) Treatment of complicated grief- A randomized controlled trial. JAMA 293 (21): 2601-2608.
17. Bonanno GA, Neria Y, Mancini A, Coifman KG, Litz B, et al. (2007) Is there more to complicated grief than depression and posttraumatic stress disorder? A test of incremental validity. J Abnor Psychol 116 (2): 342-351.
18. Prigerson HG, Bierhals AJ, Kasl SV, Reynolds CF, Shear MK, et al. (1997) Traumatic grief as a risk factor for mental and physical morbidity. Am J Psychiatry 154 (5): 616-623.
19. Prigerson HG, Bridge J, Maciejewski PK, Beery LC, Rosenheck RA, et al. (1999) Influence of traumatic grief on suicidal ideation among young adults. Am J Psychiatry 156 (12): 1994-1995.
20. Prigerson HG, Horowitz MJ, Jacobs SC, Parkes CM, Aslan M, et al. (2009) Prolonged grief disorder: psychometric validation of criteria proposed for DSM-V and ICD-11. Plos Medicine 6 (8): e1000121.
21. Momartin S, Silove D, Manicavasagar V, Steel Z, (2004) Complicated grief in Bosnian refugees: Associations with posttraumatic stress disorder and depression. Compr Psychiatry 45 (6): 475-482.
22. Morina N, Rudari V, Bleichhardt G, Prigerson HG, (2010) Prolonged grief disorder, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder among bereaved Kosovar civilian war survivors. A preliminary investigation. Int J Soc Psychiatry 56 (3): 288-297.
23. Agovino T, (1999) Caring for ethnic Albanians in Macedonia's refugee camps. Lancet 353 (9165): 1701-1703.
24. Kashdan TB, Morina N, Priebe S, (2009) Post-traumatic stress disorder, social anxiety disorder, and depression in survivors of the Kosovo War: Experiential avoidance as a contributor to distress and quality of life. J Anx Disord 23 (2): 185-196.
25. Cardozo BL, Vergara A, Agani F, Gotway CA, (2000) Mental health, social functioning, and attitudes of Kosovar Albanians following the War in Kosovo. JAMA 284 (5): 569-577.
26. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Amorim P, Janavs J, et al. (1998) The Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI): The development and validation of a structured diagnostic psychiatric interview for DSM-IV and ICD-10. J Clin Psychiatry 59: 22-33.
27. Lecrubier Y, Sheehan DV, Weiller E, Amorim P, Bonora I, et al. (1997) The Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI). A short diagnostic structured interview: Reliability and validity according to the CIDI. Eur Psychiatry 12 (5): 224-231.
28. Sheehan DV, Lecrubier Y, Sheehan KH, Janavs J, Weiller E, et al. (1997) The validity of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) according to the SCID-P and its reliability. Eur Psychiatry 12 (5): 232-241.
29. Morina N, (2006) Versioni shqip i [Albanian version of the] Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Prishtina Zana.
30. Eytan A, Guthmiller A, Durieux-Paillard S, Loutan L, Gex-Fabry M, (2011) Mental and physical health of Kosovar Albanians in their place of origin: a post-war 6-year follow-up study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol DOI:10.1007/s00127-010-0269-0 (Epub ahead of print).
31. Morina N, Ford JD, (2008) Complex sequelae of psychological trauma among Kosovar civilian war victims. Int J Soc Psychiatry 54 (5): 425-436.
32. Morina N, Rushiti F, Salihu M, Ford JD, (2010) Psychopathology and Well-Being in Civilian Survivors of War Seeking Treatment: A Follow-Up Study. Clin Psychol Psychother 17 (2): 79-86.
33. Kroenke K, Spitzer RL, Williams JB, (2002) The PHQ-15: validity of a new measure for evaluating the severity of somatic symptoms. Psychosom Med 64 (2): 258-266.
34. Morina N, Ford JD, Risch AK, Morina B, Stangier U, (2010) Somatic distress among Kosovar civilian war survivors: relationship to trauma exposure and the mediating role of experiential avoidance. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 45 (12): 1167-1177.
35. Goldberg D, Williams P, (1988) User's guide to the general health questionnaire Berkshire NFER-Nelson.
36. Doi Y, Minowa M, (2003) Factor structure of the 12-item General Health Questionnaire in the Japanese general adult population. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 57 (4): 379-383.
37. Mollica RF, Caridad KR, Massagli MP, (2007) Longitudinal study of posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and changes in traumatic memories over time in Bosnian refugees. J Nerv Ment Dis 195 (7): 572-579.
38. de Jong JT, Komproe IH, Van Ommeren M, El Masri M, Araya M, et al. (2001) Lifetime events and posttraumatic stress disorder in 4 postconflict settings. JAMA 286 (5): 555-562.
39. Wu NS, Schairer LC, Dellor E, Grella C, (2010) Childhood trauma and health outcomes in adults with comorbid substance abuse and mental health disorders. Addict Behav 35 (1): 68-71.
40. Marshall GN, Schell TL, Elliott MN, Berthold SM, Chun CA, (2005) Mental health of Cambodian refugees 2 decades after resettlement in the United States. JAMA 294 (5): 571-579.
41. Lichtenthal WG, Cruess DG, Prigerson HG, (2004) A case for establishing complicated grief as a distinct mental disorder in DSM-V. Clin Psychol Rev 24 (6): 637-662.