Post-splenectomy and hyposplenic states

The Lancet

Volumn 378, Issue 9785, 2011, Pages 86-97

  Di Sabatino, Antonio ^a   Carsetti, Rita ^b   Corazza, Gino Roberto ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF PAVIA   (Italy)

^b BAMBINO GESÙ CHILDREN S HOSPITAL   (Italy)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD27 ANTIGEN; HEMOGLOBIN F; HEMOGLOBIN S; HYDROXYUREA; IMMUNOGLOBULIN M; RUBIDIUM 81; TECHNETIUM 99M;

ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME; ALCOHOLISM; AMYLOIDOSIS; ANTIBIOTIC PROPHYLAXIS; ARTERY THROMBOSIS; ASPLENIA; AUTOIMMUNE POLYENDOCRINOPATHY; BONE MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; CELIAC ARTERY; CELIAC DISEASE; CHRONIC GRAFT VERSUS HOST DISEASE; CHRONIC HEPATITIS; DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; DISEASE SEVERITY; ENTERITIS; FIBROBLAST; GLOMERULONEPHRITIS; GOODPASTURE SYNDROME; HAEMOPHILUS INFLUENZAE TYPE B; HUMAN; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS; HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; HYPOSPLENISM; IMMUNOLOGY; INFECTION; INFECTION PREVENTION; INFECTIOUS COMPLICATION; INTESTINE LIPODYSTROPHY; INTESTINE LYMPHANGIECTASIA; LEUKEMIA; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; LIVER DISEASE; MALARIA; MEMORY CELL; MORTALITY; MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER; NEISSERIA MENINGITIDIS; PNEUMOCOCCAL MENINGITIS; POLYARTERITIS; PORTAL HYPERTENSION; PRIMARY BILIARY CIRRHOSIS; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS; SARCOIDOSIS; SICKLE CELL ANEMIA; SJOEGREN SYNDROME; SPLEEN; SPLEEN ARTERY; SPLEEN DISEASE; SPLENECTOMY; SPLENIC VEIN; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIA; STREPTOCOCCUS PNEUMONIAE; SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS; T LYMPHOCYTE; THYROIDITIS; VACCINATION; WEGENER GRANULOMATOSIS;

EID: 79959971539     PISSN: 01406736     EISSN: 1474547X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)61493-6     Document Type: Review

References (108)

1. DH Morris, FD Bullock The importance of the spleen in resistance to infection Ann Surg 70 1919 513 521
2. H King, HB Schumacker Splenic studies. I. Susceptibility to infection after splenectomy performed in infancy Ann Surg 136 1952 239 242
3. W Dameshek Hyposplenism JAMA 157 1955 613
4. RE Mebius, G Kraal Structure and function of the spleen Nat Immunol 5 2005 606 616 (Pubitemid 41113192)
5. S Kruetzmann, MM Rosado, H Weber et al. Human immunoglobulin M memory B cells controlling Streptococcus pneumoniae infections are generated in the spleen J Exp Med 197 2003 939 945 (Pubitemid 36437871)
6. BM William, N Thawani, S Sae-Tia, GR Corazza Hyposplenism: a comprehensive review. Part II. Clinical manifestations, diagnosis and management Hematology 12 2007 89 98 (Pubitemid 46605516)
7. SE Crary, GR Buchanan Vascular complications after splenectomy for hematologic disorders Blood 114 2009 2861 2868
8. BM William, GR Corazza Hyposplenism: a comprehensive review. Part I. Basic concepts and causes Hematology 12 2007 1 13 (Pubitemid 46394864)
9. S Weller, MC Braun, BK Tan et al. Human blood IgM "memory" B cells are circulating splenic marginal zone B cells harboring a prediversified immunoglobulin repertoire Blood 104 2004 3647 3654 (Pubitemid 39564441)
10. S Weller, A Faili, C Garcia et al. CD40-CD40L independent Ig gene hypermutation suggests a second B cell diversification pathway in humans Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 98 2001 1166 1170 (Pubitemid 32121204)
11. R Carsetti, A Pantosti, I Quinti Impairment of the antipolysaccharide response in splenectomized patients is due to the lack of immunoglobulin M memory B cells J Infect Dis 193 2006 1189 1190
12. Y Shi, T Yamazaki, Y Okubo et al. Regulation of aged humoral immune defense against pneumococcal bacteria by IgM memory B cell J Immunol 175 2005 3262 3267 (Pubitemid 41170547)
13. L Moens, M Wuyts, I Meyts, K De Boeck, X Bossuyt Human memory B lymphocyte subsets fulfill distinct roles in the anti-polysaccharide and anti-protein immune response J Immunol 181 2008 5306 5312
14. H Wasserstrom, J Bussel, LC Lim, C Cunningham-Rundles Memory B cells and pneumococcal antibody after splenectomy J Immunol 181 2008 3684 3689
15. FK Swirski, M Nahrendorf, M Etzrodt et al. Identification of splenic reservoir monocytes and their deployment to inflammatory sites Science 325 2009 612 616
16. RP Spencer, SM Gupta The spleen: diagnosis of splenic diseases using radiolabeled tracers Crit Rev Lab Sci 27 1989 299 318
17. AM Peters, PFJ Ryan, I Klonizakis, KB Elkon, SM Lewis, GRW Hughes Measurement of splenic function in humans using heat damaged autologous red blood cells Scand J Haematol 27 1981 374 380 (Pubitemid 12166262)
18. GR Corazza, L Ginaldi, G Zoli et al. Howell-Jolly body counting as a measure of splenic function. A reassessment Clin Lab Haematol 12 1990 269 275 (Pubitemid 20336080)
19. RH Sills Splenic function: physiology and splenic hypofunction Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 7 1987 1 36
20. GR Corazza, AW Bullen, R Hall, PJ Robinson, MS Losowsky Simple method of assessing splenic function in coeliac disease Clin Sci 60 1981 109 113 (Pubitemid 11116185)
21. V Dhawan, RP Spencer, HA Pearson, JJ Sziklas Functional asplenia in the absence of circulating Howell-Jolly bodies Clin Nucl Med 2 1977 395 396
22. VL Harrod, TA Howard, SA Zimmerman, SD Dertinger, RE Ware Quantitative analysis of Howell-Jolly bodies in children with sickle cell disease Exp Hematol 35 2007 179 183 (Pubitemid 46135809)
23. CP Holroyde, FA Oski, FH Gardner The pocked erythrocyte: red-cell surface alterations in reticuloendothelial immaturity of the neonate N Engl J Med 281 1969 516 520
24. PA Lane, JL O'Connell, JL Lear et al. Functional asplenia in hemoglobin SC disease Blood 85 1995 2238 2244
25. A Di Sabatino, MM Rosado, P Cazzola et al. Splenic hypofunction and the spectrum of autoimmune and malignant complications in celiac disease Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 4 2006 179 186 (Pubitemid 43199688)
26. A Di Sabatino, MM Rosado, R Ciccocioppo et al. Depletion of immunoglobulin M memory B cells is associated with splenic hypofunction in inflammatory bowel disease Am J Gastroenterol 100 2005 1788 1795 (Pubitemid 41648435)
27. DC Melles, S de Marie Prevention of infections in hyposplenic and asplenic patients: an update Neth J Med 62 2004 45 52 (Pubitemid 39089456)
28. N Bisharat, H Omari, I Lavi, R Raz Risk of infection and death among post-splenectomy patients J Infect 43 2001 182 186 (Pubitemid 34211099)
29. K Hansen, DB Singer Asplenic-hyposplenic overwhelming sepsis: postsplenectomy sepsis revisited Pediatr Dev Pathol 4 2001 105 121 (Pubitemid 32154968)
30. B Bader-Meunier, F Gauthier, F Archambaud et al. Long-term evaluation of the beneficial effect of subtotal splenectomy for management of hereditary spherocytosis Blood 97 2001 399 403 (Pubitemid 32060324)
31. AK Sheikha, ZT Salih, KH Kasnazan et al. Prevention of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection in thalassemia patients by partial rather than total splenectomy Can J Surg 50 2007 382 386
32. W Timens, R Leemans Splenic autotransplantation and the immune system. Adequate testing required for evaluation of effect Ann Surg 215 1992 256 260
33. RD Fremont, TW Rice Splenosis: a review South Med J 100 2007 589 593 (Pubitemid 46956540)
34. JH Buchbinder, CJ Lipkoff Splenosis: multiple peritoneal splenic implant following abdominal injury: a report of a case and review of the literature Surgery 6 1939 927 934
35. HA Pearson, D Johnston, KA Smith, RJ Touloukian The born-again spleen. Return of splenic function after splenectomy for trauma N Engl J Med 298 1978 1389 1392 (Pubitemid 8358629)
36. A Traub, GS Giebink, C Smith et al. Splenic reticuloendothelial function after splenectomy, spleen repair, and spleen autotransplantation N Engl J Med 317 1987 1559 1564 (Pubitemid 18098603)
37. GR Corazza, C Tarozzi, D Vaira, M Frisoni, G Gasbarrini Return of splenic function after splenectomy: how much tissue is needed? BMJ 289 1984 861 864 (Pubitemid 14006106)
38. HA Pearson, RP Spencer, A Cornelius Functional asplenia in sickle-cell anemia N Engl J Med 281 1969 923 926
39. HA Pearson, S McIntosh, AK Ritchey Developmental aspects of splenic function in sickle cell anemia Blood 53 1979 358 365 (Pubitemid 9140393)
40. DR Powars, JN Weiss, LS Chan, WA Schroeder Is there a threshold level of fetal hemoglobin that ameliorates morbidity in sickle cell anemia? Blood 63 1984 921 926 (Pubitemid 14141316)
41. HA Pearson, D Gallagher, R Chilcote et al. Developmental pattern of splenic dysfunction in sickle cell disorders Pediatrics 76 1985 392 397 (Pubitemid 15242503)
42. NJ Barrios, F Livaudais, J McNeil, JR Humbert, J Corrigan Reversible splenic hypofunction in hypertransfused children with homozygous sickle cell disease J Natl Med Assoc 85 1993 677 680
43. A Santos, V Pinheiro, C Anjos Scintigraphic follow-up of the effects of therapy with hydroxyurea on splenic function in patients with sickle cell disease Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 29 2002 536 541
44. CT Quinn, ZR Rogers, TL McCavit, GR Buchanan Improved survival of children and adolescents with sickle cell disease Blood 115 2010 3447 3452
45. WC Wang, LW Wynn, ZR Rogers, JP Scott, PA Lane, RE Ware A two-year pilot trial of hydroxyurea in very young children with sickle-cell anemia J Pediatr 139 2001 790 796 (Pubitemid 34014457)
46. RJ Cuthbert, A Iqbal, A Gates, PJ Toghill, NH Russell Functional hyposplenism following allogeneic bone marrow transplantation J Clin Pathol 48 1995 257 259
47. M Picardi, C Selleri, B Rotoli Spleen sizing by ultrasound scan and risk of pneumococcal infection in patients with chronic GVHD: preliminary observations Bone Marrow Transplant 24 1999 173 177 (Pubitemid 29351832)
48. LJ D'Orsogna, MP Wright, RG Krueger et al. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation recipients have defects of both switched and IgM memory B cells Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 15 2009 795 803
49. D Engelhard, C Cordonnier, PJ Shaw et al. Early and late invasive pneumococcal infection following stem cell transplantation: a European Bone Marrow Transplantation survey Br J Haematol 117 2002 444 450 (Pubitemid 34451164)
50. A Ferguson, MM Hutton, JD Maxwell, D Murray Adult coeliac disease in hyposplenic patients Lancet 295 1970 163 164
51. GR Corazza, G Zoli, A Di Sabatino, R Ciccocioppo, G Gasbarrini A reassessment of splenic hypofunction in celiac disease Am J Gastroenterol 94 1999 391 397 (Pubitemid 29084658)
52. JG O'Grady, FM Stevens, B Harding, TA O'Gorman, B McNicholl, CF McCarthy Hyposplenism and gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Natural history, incidence, and relationship to diet and small bowel morphology Gastroenterology 87 1984 1326 1331 (Pubitemid 15201431)
53. GR Corazza, M Frisoni, D Vaira, G Gasbarrini Effect of gluten-free diet on splenic hypofunction of adult coeliac disease Gut 24 1983 228 230 (Pubitemid 13147738)
54. JF Ludvigsson, O Olen, M Bell, A Ekbom, SM Montgomery Coeliac disease and the risk of sepsis Gut 57 2008 1074 1080
55. HJ Thomas, CJ Wotton, D Yeates, T Ahmad, DP Jewell, MJ Goldacre Pneumococcal infection in patients with coeliac disease Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 20 2008 624 628
56. BS Bender, MM Frank, TJ Lawley et al. Defective reticuloendothelial system Fc-receptor function in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome J Infect Dis 152 1985 409 412 (Pubitemid 15001345)
57. HZ Grotto, FF Costa Hyposplenism in AIDS AIDS 5 1991 1538 1540
58. GR Corazza, G Zoli, L Ginaldi et al. Tuftsin deficiency in AIDS Lancet 337 1991 12 13
59. LJ D'Orsogna, RG Krueger, EJ McKinnon, MA French Circulating memory B-cell subpopulations are affected differently by HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy AIDS 21 2007 1747 1752 (Pubitemid 47237562)
60. M Hart, A Steel, SA Clark et al. Loss of discrete memory B cell subsets is associated with impaired immunization responses in HIV-1 infection and may be a risk factor for invasive pneumococcal disease J Immunol 178 2007 8212 8220 (Pubitemid 46898094)
61. AF Muller, PJ Toghill Functional hyposplenism in alcoholic liver disease: a toxic effect of alcohol? Gut 35 1994 679 682 (Pubitemid 24163798)
62. KJ Foster, N Devitt, PJ Gallagher, RM Abbott Overwhelming pneumococcal septicaemia in a patient with ulcerative colitis and splenic atrophy Gut 23 1982 630 632 (Pubitemid 12081118)
63. A Di Sabatino, F Vidali, P Cazzola et al. Splenic hypofunction in Whipple's disease Am J Gastroenterol 104 2009 2641 2643
64. RA Powsner, RW Simms, A Chudnovsky, VW Lee, M Skinner Scintigraphic functional hyposplenism in amyloidosis J Nucl Med 39 1998 221 223 (Pubitemid 28114503)
65. BA Neilan, SN Berney Hyposplenism in systemic lupus erythematosus J Rheumatol 10 1983 332 334 (Pubitemid 13064196)
66. D Powars, LS Chan, WA Schroeder The variable expression of sickle cell disease is genetically determined Semin Hematol 27 1990 360 376 (Pubitemid 20354244)
67. P Kalhs, S Panzer, K Kletter et al. Functional asplenia after bone marrow transplantation. A late complication related to extensive chronic graft-versus-host disease Ann Intern Med 109 1988 461 464
68. S Kulkarni, R Powles, J Treleaven et al. Chronic graft versus host disease is associated with long-term risk for pneumococcal infections in recipients of bone marrow transplants Blood 95 2000 3683 3686 (Pubitemid 30412837)
69. A Di Sabatino, GR Corazza Coeliac disease Lancet 373 2009 1480 1493
70. U Peters, J Askling, G Gridley, A Ekbon, M Linet Causes of death in patients with celiac disease in a population-based Swedish cohort Arch Intern Med 163 2003 1566 1572 (Pubitemid 36835101)
71. RJ Holdsworth, AD Irving, A Cuschieri Postsplenectomy sepsis and its mortality rate: actual versus perceived risks Br J Surg 78 1991 1031 1038
72. DJ Waghorn Overwhelming infection in asplenic patients: current best practice preventive measures are not being followed J Clin Pathol 54 2001 214 218 (Pubitemid 32205043)
73. CD Robinette, JF Fraumeni Splenectomy and subsequent mortality in veterans of the 1939-45 war Lancet 2 1977 127 129 (Pubitemid 8124956)
74. PE Schwartz, S Sterioff, P Mucha, LJ Melton, KP Offord Postsplenectomy sepsis and mortality in adults JAMA 248 1982 2279 2283 (Pubitemid 12005604)
75. CA Mullen, KD Anderson, RM Blaese Splenectomy and/or bone marrow transplantation in the management of the Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome: long-term follow-up of 62 cases Blood 82 1993 2961 2966 (Pubitemid 23334920)
76. SR Alanee, L McGee, D Jackson et al. Association of serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae with disease severity and outcome in adults: an international study Clin Infect Dis 45 2007 46 51 (Pubitemid 46984614)
77. AG Jansen, GD Rodenburg, A van der Ende et al. Invasive pneumococcal disease among adults: associations among serotypes, disease characteristics, and outcome Clin Infect Dis 49 2009 e23 e29
78. AJ Anand, AE Glatt Salmonella osteomyelitis and arthritis in sickle cell disease Semin Arthritis Rheum 24 1994 211 221
79. ML Brigden, AL Pattullo Prevention and management of overwhelming postsplenectomy infection-an update Crit Care Med 27 1999 836 842 (Pubitemid 29218222)
80. ML Brigden, AL Pattullo, G Brown Pneumococcal vaccine administration associated with splenectomy: the need for improved education, documentation, and the use of a practical checklist Am J Hematol 65 2000 25 29
81. MS El-Alfy, MH El-Sayed Overwhelming postsplenectomy infection: is quality of patient knowledge enough for prevention? Hematol J 5 2004 77 80 (Pubitemid 38262794)
82. I Woolley, P Jones, D Spelman, L Gold Cost-effectiveness of a post-splenectomy registry for prevention of sepsis in the asplenic Aust NZ J Public Health 30 2006 558 559
83. C Kaplinsky, Z Spirer Post-splenectomy antibiotic prophylaxis-unfinished story: to treat or not to treat? Pediatr Blood Cancer 47 2006 740 741 (Pubitemid 44360047)
84. AB John, A Ramlal, H Jackson, GH Maude, AW Sharma, GR Serjeant Prevention of pneumococcal infection in children with homozygous sickle cell disease BMJ 288 1984 1567 1570 (Pubitemid 14124284)
85. MH Gaston, JI Verter, G Woods et al. Prophylaxis with oral penicillin in children with sickle cell anemia. A randomized trial N Engl J Med 314 1986 1593 1599 (Pubitemid 16118215)
86. FK Pedersen, J Henrichsen, G Schiffman Antibody response to vaccination with pneumococcal capsular polysaccharides in splenectomized children Acta Paediatr Scand 71 1982 451 455 (Pubitemid 12150291)
87. HB Konradsen, J Henrichsen Pneumococcal infections in splenectomized children are preventable Acta Paediatr Scand 80 1991 423 427
88. RG Pebody, J Hippisley-Cox, S Harcourt, M Pringle, M Painter, G Smith Uptake of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine in at-risk populations in England and Wales 1999-2005 Epidemiol Infect 136 2008 360 369 (Pubitemid 351242520)
89. N French Use of pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines: no simple answers J Infect 46 2003 78 86 (Pubitemid 36221653)
90. DV Shatz, S Romero-Steiner, CM Elie, PF Holder, GM Carlone Antibody responses in postsplenectomy trauma patients receiving the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine at 14 versus 28 days postoperatively J Trauma 53 2002 1037 1042 (Pubitemid 35435087)
91. L Vernacchio, S Romero-Steiner, JE Martinez et al. Comparison of an opsonophagocytic assay and IgG ELISA to assess responses to pneumococcal polysaccharide and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines in children and young adults with sickle cell disease J Infect Dis 181 2000 1162 1166 (Pubitemid 30194508)
92. DV Shatz Vaccination considerations in the asplenic patient Expert Rev Vaccines 4 2005 27 34 (Pubitemid 40327409)
93. CY Chan, DC Molrine, S George et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine primes for antibody responses to polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine after treatment of Hodgkin's disease J Infect Dis 173 1996 256 258 (Pubitemid 26009677)
94. VI Ahonkhai, SH Landesman, SM Fikrig et al. Failure of pneumococcal vaccine in children with sickle-cell disease N Engl J Med 301 1979 26 27 (Pubitemid 9226523)
95. MA Breukels, A Zandvoort, GP van Den Dobbelsteen et al. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines overcome splenic dependency of antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharides Infect Immun 69 2001 7583 7587 (Pubitemid 33086585)
96. B Mikoluc, H Kayhty, E Bernatowska, R Motkowski Immune response to the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 30 asplenic children Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 27 2008 923 928
97. DM Musher, H Ceasar, EM Kojic et al. Administration of protein-conjugate pneumococcal vaccine to patients who have invasive disease after splenectomy despite their having received 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine J Infect Dis 191 2005 1063 1067 (Pubitemid 40404364)
98. L Vernacchio, EJ Neufeld, K MacDonald et al. Combined schedule of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine followed by 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in children and young adults with sickle cell disease J Pediatr 133 1998 275 278 (Pubitemid 28385210)
99. FP Kroon, JT van Dissel, E Ravensbergen, PH Nibbering, R van Furth Enhanced antibody response to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine after prior immunization with conjugate pneumococcal vaccine in HIV-infected adults Vaccine 19 2000 886 894
100. GV Orthopoulos, MC Theodoridou, VA Ladis, DK Tsousis, VI Spoulou The effect of 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine on immunological priming induced by 7-valent conjugate vaccine in asplenic subjects with beta-thalassemia Vaccine 27 2009 350 354
101. DA Scott, SF Komjathy, BT Hu et al. Phase 1 trial of a 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy adults Vaccine 25 2007 6164 6166 (Pubitemid 47088041)
102. JD Croxtall, GM Keating Pneumococcal polysaccharide protein D-conjugate vaccine (Synflorix; PHiD-CV) Paediatr Drugs 11 2009 349 357
103. CJ Lee, TR Wang, CE Frasch Immunogenicity in mice of pneumococcal glycoconjugate vaccines using pneumococcal protein carriers Vaccine 19 2001 3216 3225 (Pubitemid 32324051)
104. R Dagan, KP Klugman Impact of conjugate pneumococcal vaccines on antibiotic resistance Lancet Infect Dis 8 2008 785 795
105. R Cimaz, C Mensi, E D'Angelo et al. Safety and immunogenicity of a conjugate vaccine against Haemophilus influenzae type b in splenectomized and nonsplenectomized patients with Cooley anemia J Infect Dis 183 2001 1819 1821 (Pubitemid 32523248)
106. A Leach, PA Twumasi, S Kumah et al. Induction of immunologic memory in Gambian children by vaccination in infancy with a group A plus group C meningococcal polysaccharide-protein conjugate vaccine J Infect Dis 175 1997 200 204 (Pubitemid 27020849)
107. R Borrow, N Andrews, D Goldblatt, E Miller Serological basis for use of meningococcal serogroup C conjugate vaccines in the United Kingdom: reevaluation of correlates of protection Infect Immun 69 2001 1568 1573 (Pubitemid 32187610)
108. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Revised recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices to vaccinate all persons aged 11-18 years with meningococcal conjugate vaccine MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 56 2007 794 795