Micro-structural evolution of rubber/clay nanocomposites with vulcanization process

Express Polymer Letters

Volumn 5, Issue 9, 2011, Pages 777-787

  Lu, Y L ^a   Ye, F Y ^a   Mao, L X ^a   Li, Y ^a   Zhang, L Q ^a  

^a BEIJING UNIVERSITY OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY   (China)

Author keywords

Intercalated structure; Nanocomposites; Organoclay; Spatial distribution; Vulcanization

Indexed keywords

EID: 79959898863     PISSN: 1788618X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.3144/expresspolymlett.2011.76     Document Type: Article

References (33)

1. Zhang Z., Zhang L., Li Y., Xu H.: New fabricate of styrene-butadiene rubber/montmorillonite nanocomposites by anionic polymerization. Polymer, 46, 129-136 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2004.11.008
2. Pramanik M., Srivastava S. K., Samantaray B. K., Bhowmick A. K.: Rubber-clay nanocomposite by solution blending. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 87, 2216-2220 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/app.11475
3. Hasegawa N., Okamoto H., Kawasumi M., Kato M., Tsukigase A., Usuki A.: Polyolefin-clay hybrids based on modified polyolefins and organophilic clay. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 280/281, 76-79 (2000). DOI: 10.1002/1439-2054(20000801)280:1<76::aidmame76> 3.0.co;2-#
4. Varghese S., Karger-Kocsis J., Gatos K. G.: Melt compounded epoxidized natural rubber/layered silicate nanocomposites: Structure-properties relationships. Polymer, 44, 3977-3983 (2003). DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00358-6
5. Ramorino G., Bignotti F., Pandini S., Riccò T.: Mechanical reinforcement in natural rubber/organoclay nano - composites. Composites Science and Technology, 69, 1206-1211 (2009). DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2009.02.023
6. Varghese S., Karger-Kocsis J.: Natural rubber-based nanocomposites by latex compounding with layered silicates. Polymer, 44, 4921-4927 (2003). DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00480-4
7. Wu Y-P., Jia Q-X., Yu D-S., Zhang L-Q.: Structure and properties of nitrile rubber (NBR)-clay nanocomposites by co-coagulating NBR latex and clay aqueous suspension. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 89, 3855-3858 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/app.12568
8. Wu Y-P., Zhang L-Q., Wang Y-Q., Liang Y., Yu D-S.: Structure of carboxylated acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber (CNBR)-clay nanocomposites by co-coagulating rubber latex and clay aqueous suspension. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 82, 2842-2848 (2001). DOI: 10.1002/app.2138
9. Varghese S., Karger-Kocsis J.: Melt-compounded natural rubber nanocomposites with pristine and organophilic layered silicates of natural and synthetic origin. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 91, 813- 819 (2004). DOI: 10.1002/app.13173
10. Kim J-T., Oh T-S., Lee D-H.: Morphology and rheological properties of nanocomposites based on nitrile rubber and organophilic layered silicates. Polymer International, 52, 1203-1208 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/pi.1249
11. Kim J-T., Oh T-S., Lee D-H.: Preparation and characteristics of nitrile rubber (NBR) nanocomposites based on organophilic layered clay. Polymer International, 52, 1058-1063 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/pi.1110
12. Zheng H., Zhang Y., Peng Z., Zhang Y.: Influence of clay modification on the structure and mechanical properties of EPDM/montmorillonite nanocomposites. Polymer Testing, 23, 217-223 (2004). DOI: 10.1016/S0142-9418(03)00097-7
13. Schön F., Thomann R., Gronski W.: Shear controlled morphology of rubber/organoclay nanocomposites and dynamic mechanical analysis. Macromolecular Symposia, 189, 105-110 (2002). DOI: 10.1002/masy.200290000
14. Gatos K. G., Thomann R., Karger-Kocsis J.: Characteristics of ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber/ organoclay nanocomposites resulting from different processing conditions and formulations. Polymer International, 53, 1191-1197 (2004). DOI: 10.1002/pi.1556
15. Sadhu S., Bhowmick A. K.: Preparation and properties of nanocomposites based on acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber, styrene-butadiene rubber, and polybutadiene rubber. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 42, 1573-1585 (2004). DOI: 10.1002/polb.20036
16. Liang Y-R., Ma J., Lu Y-L., Wu Y-P., Zhang L-Q., Mai Y-W.: Effects of heat and pressure on intercalation structures of isobutylene-isoprene rubber/clay nanocomposites. I. Prepared by melt blending. Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics, 43, 2653-2664 (2005). DOI: 10.1002/polb.20555
17. Lu Y-L., Li Z., Mao L-X., Li Y., Wu Y-P., Liang Y-R., Zhang L-Q.: Impact of curing temperature on micro - structures and properties of isobutylene-isoprene rubber/clay nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 110, 1034-1042 (2008). DOI: 10.1002/app.28690
18. Lu Y-L., Liang Y-R., Wu Y-P., Zhang L-Q.: Effects of heat and pressure on microstructures of isobutyleneisoprene rubber (IIR)/clay nanocomposites. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 291, 27-36 (2006). DOI: 10.1002/mame.200500319
19. Vaia R. A., Giannelis E. P.: Polymer melt intercalation in organically-modified layered silicates: Model predictions and experiment. Macromolecules, 30, 8000-8009 (1997). DOI: 10.1021/ma9603488
20. Vaia R. A., Jandt K. D., Kramer E. J., Giannelis E. P.: Kinetics of polymer melt intercalation. Macromolecules, 28, 8080-8085 (1995). DOI: 10.1021/ma00128a016
21. Gatos K. G., Karger-Kocsis J.: Effects of primary and quaternary amine intercalants on the organoclay dispersion in a sulfur-cured EPDM rubber. Polymer, 46, 3069-3076 (2005). DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.01.095
22. Usuki A., Tukigase A., Kato M.: Preparation and properties of EPDM-clay hybrids. Polymer, 43, 2185-2189 (2002). DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(02)00013-7
23. Liang Y-R., Lu Y-L., Wu Y-P., Ma Y., Zhang L-Q.: Pressure, the critical factor governing final microstructures of cured rubber/clay nanocomposites. Macromolecular Rapid Communications, 26, 926-931 (2005). DOI: 10.1002/marc.200500077
24. Arroyo M., López-Manchado M. A., Herrero B.: Organo-montmorillonite as substitute of carbon black in natural rubber compounds. Polymer, 44, 2447-2453 (2003). DOI: 10.1016/S0032-3861(03)00090-9
25. López-Manchado M. A., Arroyo M., Herrero B., Biagiotti J.: Vulcanization kinetics of natural rubber-organoclay nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 89, 1-15 (2003). DOI: 10.1002/app.12082
26. Teh P. L., Mohd Ishak Z. A., Hashim A. S., Karger-Kocsis J., Ishiaku U. S.: Effects of epoxidized natural rubber as a compatibilizer in melt compounded natural rubber-organoclay nanocomposites. European Polymer Journal, 40, 2513-2521 (2004). DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2004.06.025
27. Kim M-S., Kim D-W., Chowdhury S. R., Kim G-H.: Melt-compounded butadiene rubber nanocomposites with improved mechanical properties and abrasion resistance. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 102, 2062-2066 (2006). DOI: 10.1002/app.23738
28. Kim M-S., Kim G-H., Chowdhury S. R.: Polybutadiene rubber/organoclay anocomposites: Effect of organoclay with various modifier concentrations on the vulcanization behavior and mechanical properties. Polymer Engineering and Science, 47, 308-313 (2007). DOI: 10.1002/pen.20709
29. Mousa A., Karger-Kocsis J.: Rheological and thermodynamical behavior of styrene/butadiene rubberorganoclay nanocomposites. Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, 286, 260-266 (2001). DOI: 10.1002/1439-054(20010401)286:4<260::AIDMAME260>3.0.CO;2-X
30. Mathew G., Rhee J. M., Lee Y-S., Park D. H., Nah C.: Cure kinetics of ethylene acrylate rubber/clay nanocomposites. Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, 14, 60-65 (2008). DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2007.07.001
31. Choi D., Kader M. A., Cho B-H., Huh Y-I., Nah C.: Vulcanization kinetics of nitrile rubber/layered clay nanocomposites. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 98, 1688-1696 (2005). DOI: 10.1002/app.22341
32. Essawy H., El-Nashar D.: The use of montmorillonite as a reinforcing and compatibilizing filler for NBR/ SBR rubber blend. Polymer Testing, 23, 803-807 (2004). DOI: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2004.03.003
33. Ma Y., Wu Y-P., Wang Y-Q., Zhang L-Q.: Structure and properties of organoclay/EPDM nanocomposites: Influence of ethylene contents. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 99, 914-919 (2006). DOI: 10.1002/app.22247