On the suitability of partially clathrated ice for analysis of concentration and δ13C of palaeo-atmospheric CO2

Earth and Planetary Science Letters

Volumn 307, Issue 3-4, 2011, Pages 334-340

  Schaefer, Hinrich ^a   Lourantou, Anna ^a   Chappellaz, Jérôme ^a   Lüthi, Dieter ^b   Bereiter, Bernhard ^b   Barnola, Jean Marc ^a  

^a CNRS   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF BERN   (Switzerland)

Author keywords

Berkner Island; Bubble clathrate transformation; Carbon dioxide; EPICA Dome C; Ice core; Stable carbon isotope ratio

Indexed keywords

BERKNER ISLAND; BUBBLE CLATHRATE TRANSFORMATION; EPICA DOME C; ICE CORE; STABLE CARBON ISOTOPE RATIO;

ATMOSPHERIC COMPOSITION; BALL MILLS; CARBON DIOXIDE; DOMES; ISOTOPES;

ICE;

ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY; CARBON CYCLE; CARBON DIOXIDE; CARBON ISOTOPE RATIO; ICE CORE; STABLE ISOTOPE;

EID: 79959733095     PISSN: 0012821X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2011.05.007     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. Ahn J., Brook E.J. Atmospheric CO2 and climate on millennial time scales during the last glacial period. Science 2008, 322:83-85.
2. Ahn J., Headly M., Wahlen M., Brook E.J., Mayewski P.A., Taylor K.C. CO2 diffusion in polar ice: observations from naturally formed CO2 spikes in the Siple Dome (Antarctica) ice core. J. Glaciol. 2008, 54:685-695.
3. Anklin M., Schwander J., Stauffer B., Tschumi J., Fuchs A., Barnola J.-M., Raynaud D. CO2 record between 40 and 8 kyr BP from the Greenland Ice Core Project ice core. J. Geophys. Res. Oceans 1997, 102:26,539-26,545.
4. Barnola J.-M., Raynaud D., Neftel A., Oeschger H. Comparison of CO2 measurements by two laboratories on air from bubbles in polar ice. Nature 1983, 303:410-413.
5. Behrens M., Schmitt J., Richter K.U., Bock M., Richter U.C., Levin I., Fischer H. A gas chromatography/combustion/isotope ratio mass spectrometry system for high-precision delta C-13 measurements of atmospheric methane extracted from ice core samples. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2008, 22:3261-3269.
6. Benziher, P., 2004. Raman spectroscopic investigation of CO2 clathrate formation. M.Sc. thesis, Ohio State University, M.Sc. Thesis.
7. Bereiter B., Schwander J., Lüthi D., Stocker T.F. Change in CO2 concentration and O2/N2 ratio in ice cores due to molecular diffusion. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2009, 36:L05703. 10.1029/2008gl036737.
8. Circone S., Stern L.A., Kirby S.H., Durham W.B., Chakoumakos B.C., Rawn C.J., Rondinone A.J., Ishii Y. CO2 hydrate: synthesis, composition, structure, dissociation behavior, and a comparison to structure I CH4 hydrate. J. Phys. Chem. B 2003, 107:5529-5539.
9. Craig H., Horibe Y., Sowers T. Gravitational separation of gases and isotopes in polar ice caps. Science 1988, 242:1675-1678.
10. Dreyfus, G., 2008. Dating an 800,000 year Antarctic ice core record using the isotopic composition of trapped air. Princeton University. PhD Thesis.
11. Elsig J., Schmitt J., Leuenberger D., Schneider R., Eyer M., Leuenberger M., Joos F., Fischer H., Stocker T.F. Stable isotope constraints on Holocene carbon cycle changes from an Antarctic ice core. Nature 2009, 461:507-510.
12. EPICA Community Members Eight glacial cycles from an Antarctic ice core. Nature 2004, 429:623-628.
13. EPICA Community Members One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica. Nature 2006, 444:195-198.
14. Francey R.F., Allison C.E., Etheridge D.M., Trudinger C.M., Enting I.G., Leuenberger M., Langenfelds R.L., Michel E., Steele L.P. A 1000-year high precision record of δ13C in atmospheric CO2. Tellus 1999, 51B:170-193.
15. Goujon C., Barnola J.-M., Ritz C. Modeling the densification of polar firn including heat diffusion: application to close-off characteristics and gas isotopic fractionation for Antarctica and Greenland sites. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 2003, 108:4792. 10.1029/2002jd003319.
16. Ikeda T., Fukazawa H., Mae S., Pepin L., Duval P., Champagnon B., Lipenkov V.Y., Hondoh T. Extreme fractionation of gases caused by formation of clathrate hydrates in Vostok Antarctic ice. Geophys. Res. Lett. 1999, 26:91-94.
17. Ikeda-Fukazawa T., Hondoh T., Fukumura T., Fukazawa H., Mae S. Variation in N2/O2 ratio of occluded air in Dome Fuji Antarctic ice. J. Geophys. Res. 2001, 106:17799-17810.
18. Ikeda-Fukazawa T., Kawamura K., Hondoh T. Mechanism of molecular diffusion in ice crystals. Mol. Simul. 2004, 30:973-979.
19. Ikeda-Fukazawa T., Fukumizu K., Kawamura K., Aoki S., Nakazawa T., Hondoh T. Effects of molecular diffusion on trapped gas composition in polar ice cores. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2005, 229:183-192.
20. Indermühle A., Monnin E., Stauffer B., Stocker T.F., Wahlen M. Atmospheric CO2 concentration from 60 to 20kyr BP from the Taylor Dome ice core, Antarctica. Geophys. Res. Lett. 2000, 27:735-738.
21. Landais A., Masson-Delmotte V., Jouzel J., Raynaud D., Johnsen S., Huber C., Leuenberger M., Schwander J., Minster B. The glacial inception as recorded in the NorthGRIP Greenland ice core: timing, structure and associated abrupt temperature changes. Climate Dyn. 2006, 26:273-284.
22. Loulergue L., Parrenin F., Blunier T., Barnola J.-M., Spahni R., Schilt A., Raisbeck G., Chappellaz J. New constraints on the gas age-ice age difference along the EPICA ice cores, 0-50kyr. Climate Past 2007, 3:527-540.
23. Lourantou, A., 2008. Constraints on the carbon dioxide (CO2) deglacial rise based on its stable carbon isotopic ratio (δ13CO2), Université Joseph Fourier. PhD Thesis. 214 pp.
24. Lourantou A., Chappellaz J., Barnola J.-M., Masson-Delmotte V., Raynaud D. Changes in atmospheric CO2 and its carbon isotopic ratio during the penultimate deglaciation. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:1983-1992.
25. Lourantou A., Lavric J.V., Kohler P., Barnola J.-M., Paillard D., Michel E., Raynaud D., Chappellaz J. Constraint of the CO2 rise by new atmospheric carbon isotopic measurements during the last deglaciation. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 2010, 24:Gb2015. 10.1029/2009gb003545.
26. Lüthi D., Le Floch M., Bereiter B., Blunier T., Barnola J.-M., Siegenthaler U., Raynaud D., Jouzel J., Fischer H., Kawamura K., Stocker T.F. High-resolution carbon dioxide concentration record 650,000-800,000years before present. Nature 2008, 453:379-382.
27. Lüthi D., Bereiter B., Stauffer B., Winkler R., Schwander J., Kindler P., Leuenberger M., Kipfstuhl S., Capron E., Landais A., Fischer H., Stocker T.F. CO2 and O2/N2 variations in and just below the bubble-clathrate transformation zone of Antarctic ice cores. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 297:226-233.
28. Mani, F. S., Mulvaney, R., Sturges, W. T., Barnola, J.-M., Dennis, P.F., Chapellaz, J., Buiron, D., in preparation. Precise timing of millennial scale Antarctic climate variations during Marine Isotope Stage 3 and their relationship to Greenland ice core records.
29. Miller S.L. The occurrence of gas hydrates in the solar system. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 1961, 47:1798-1808.
30. Mulvaney R., Alemany O., Possenti P. The Berkner Island (Antarctica) ice-core drilling project. Ann. Glaciol. 1997, 47:115-124.
31. Neftel A., Oeschger H., Staffelbach T., Stauffer B. CO2 record in the Byrd ice core 50,000-5000yearsbp. Nature 1988, 331:609-611.
32. Salamatin A.N., Lipenkov V.Y., Ikeda-Fukazawa T., Hondoh T. Kinetics of air-hydrate nucleation in polar ice sheets. J. Cryst. Growth 2001, 223:285-305.
33. Schaefer H., Whiticar M.J. Measurement of stable carbon isotope ratios of methane in ice samples. Org. Geochem. 2007, 38:216-226.
34. Schaefer H., Lourantou A., Lavric J.V., Schmitt J., Elsig J., Barnola J.-M., Raynaud D., Chappellaz J., Leuenberger M., Fischer H. Assessment of Ice Core δ13CO2 measurements from three European Laboratories. EGU General Assembly 2008. Geophys. Res. Abstracts, Vienna. EGU2008-A-06970 2008.
35. Schaefer, H., Lourantou, A., Barnola, J.-M., Raynaud, D., Le Floch, M., Chappellaz, J., in preparation. A δ13CO2 record across Antarctic Isotope Maximum 12 and its comparison to glacial terminations.
36. Seo Y.T., Lee H. Structure and guest distribution of the mixed carbon dioxide and nitrogen hydrates as revealed by X-ray diffraction and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108:530-534.
37. Severinghaus J.P., Battle M.O. Fractionation of gases in polar lee during bubble close-off: New constraints from firn air Ne, Kr and Xe observations. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2006, 244:474-500.
38. Severinghaus J.P., Grachev A., Battle M. Thermal fractionation of air in polar firn by seasonal temperature gradients. Geochem. Geophys. Geosyst. 2001, 2.
39. Severinghaus J.P., Albert M.R., Courville Z.R., Fahnestock M.A., Kawamura K., Montzka S.A., Muhle J., Scambos T.A., Shields E., Shuman C.A., Suwa M., Tans P., Weiss R.F. Deep air convection in the firn at a zero-accumulation site, central Antarctica. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 2010, 293:359-367.
40. Smith H.J., Fischer H., Wahlen M., Mastroianni D., Deck B. Dual modes of the carbon cycle since the Last Glacial Maximum. Nature 1999, 400:248-250.
41. Sowers T. Atmospheric methane isotope records covering the Holocene period. Quatern. Sci. Rev. 2010, 29:213-221.
42. Sowers T.A., Bender M., Raynaud D., Korotkevich Y.S. δ15N of N2 in air trapped in polar ice: a tracer of gas transport in the firn and a possible constraint on ice age-gas age differences. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 1992, 97:15683-15697.
43. Stauffer B., Tschumi J. Reconstruction of past atmospheric CO2 concentrations by ice core analyses. Physics of Ice Core Records 2000, 217-241. Hokkaido University Press, Sapporo. T. Hondoh (Ed.).
44. Trudinger C.M., Enting I.G., Etheridge D.M., Francey R.J., Levchenko V.A., Steele L.P. Modeling air movement and bubble trapping in firn. J. Geophys. Res. Atmos. 1997, 102:6747-6763.
45. Trudinger C.M., Enting I.G., Francey R.J., Etheridge D.M., Rayner P.J. Long-term variability in the global carbon cycle inferred from a high-precision CO2 and delta C-13 ice-core record. Tellus 1999, 51B:233-248.
46. Yoon J.H., Kawamura T., Ohtake M., Takeya S., Komai T., Yamamoto Y., Emi H., Kohara M., Tanaka S., Takano O., Uchida K. Highly selective encaging of carbon dioxide molecules in the mixed carbon dioxide and nitrogen hydrate at low temperatures. J. Phys. Chem. B 2006, 110:17595-17599.