Is Pitx2 growing Up?

Circulation: Cardiovascular Genetics

Volumn 4, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 105-107

  Clauss, Sebastian ^a   Kääb, Stefan ^a  

^a LUDWIG MAXIMILIANS UNIVERSITY   (Germany)

Author keywords

Arrhythmia; Atrial fibrillation; Developmental genes; Editorials; Genetics; Homeobox protein PITX2

Indexed keywords

CALCIUM CHANNEL L TYPE; POTASSIUM CHANNEL; PROTEIN SHOX2; PROTEIN TBX3; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR NKX2.5; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR PITX2; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

DOWN REGULATION; GENE EXPRESSION; GENE MUTATION; GENETIC ASSOCIATION; GENETIC RISK; GENETIC VARIABILITY; HEART ATRIUM ARRHYTHMIA; HEART ATRIUM FIBRILLATION; HEART ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY; HEART MUSCLE CELL; HEART MUSCLE POTENTIAL; HUMAN; PHENOTYPE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REVIEW; SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISM; UPREGULATION;

ANIMALS; ATRIAL FIBRILLATION; ATRIAL FUNCTION; GENE EXPRESSION REGULATION; HEART ATRIA; HOMEODOMAIN PROTEINS; HUMANS; MICE; PROTEIN ISOFORMS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS;

EID: 79959705343     PISSN: 1942325X     EISSN: 19423268     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.111.959791     Document Type: Review

References (20)

1. Kirchhof P, Kahr PC, Kaese S, Piccini I, Vokshi I, Scheld HH, Rotering H, Fortmueller L, Laakmann S, Verheule S, Schotten U, Fabritz L, Brown NA. PITX2c is expressed in the adult left atrium, and reducing Pitx2c expression promotes atrial fibrillation inducibility and complex changes in gene expression. Circ Cardiovasc Genet. 2011;4:123-133.
2. Camm AJ, Kirchhof P, Lip GY, Schotten U, Savelieva I, Ernst S, Van Gelder IC, Al-Attar N, Hindricks G, Prendergast B, Heidbuchel H, Alfieri O, Angelini A, Atar D, Colonna P, De Caterina R, De Sutter J, Goette A, Gorenek B, Heldal M, Hohloser SH, Kolh P, Le Heuzey JY, Ponikowski P, Rutten FH. Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation: The task force for the management of atrial fibrillation of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Eur Heart J. 2010;31:2369-2429.
3. Allessie MA, Boyden PA, Camm AJ, Kleber AG, Lab MJ, Legato MJ, Rosen MR, Schwartz PJ, Spooner PM, Van Wagoner DR, Waldo AL. Pathophysiology and prevention of atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2001; 103:769-777. (Pubitemid 32144209)
4. Nattel S. New ideas about atrial fibrillation 50 years on. Nature. 2002; 415:219-226. (Pubitemid 34059528)
5. Haissaguerre M, Jais P, Shah DC, Takahashi A, Hocini M, Quiniou G, Garrigue S, Le Mouroux A, Le Metayer P, Clementy J. Spontaneous initiation of atrial fibrillation by ectopic beats originating in the pulmonary veins. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:659-666. (Pubitemid 28402090)
6. Dobrev D, Nattel S. New antiarrhythmic drugs for treatment of atrial fibrillation. Lancet. 2010;375:1212-1223.
7. Benjamin EJ, Levy D, Vaziri SM, D'Agostino RB, Belanger AJ, Wolf PA. Independent risk factors for atrial fibrillation in a population-based cohort. The Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 1994;271:840-844.
8. Andalib A, Brugada R, Nattel S. Atrial fibrillation: evidence for genetically determined disease. Curr Opin Cardiol. 2008;23:176-183. (Pubitemid 351489319)
9. Sinner MF, Ellinor PT, Meitinger T, Benjamin EJ, Kaab S. Genome-wide association studies of atrial fibrillation: past, present, and future. Cardiovasc Res. 2011;89:701-709.
10. Ellinor PT, Lunetta KL, Glazer NL, Pfeufer A, Alonso A, Chung MK, Sinner MF, de Bakker PI, Mueller M, Lubitz SA, Fox E, Darbar D, Smith NL, Smith JD, Schnabel RB, Soliman EZ, Rice KM, Van Wagoner DR, Beckmann BM, van Noord C, Wang K, Ehret GB, Rotter JI, Hazen SL, Steinbeck G, Smith AV, Launer LJ, Harris TB, Makino S, Nelis M, Milan DJ, Perz S, Esko T, Kottgen A, Moebus S, Newton-Cheh C, Li M, Mohlenkamp S, Wang TJ, Kao WH, Vasan RS, Nothen MM, MacRae CA, Stricker BH, Hofman A, Uitterlinden AG, Levy D, Boerwinkle E, Metspalu A, Topol EJ, Chakravarti A, Gudnason V, Psaty BM, Roden DM, Meitinger T, Wichmann HE, Witteman JC, Barnard J, Arking DE, Benjamin EJ, Heckbert SR, Kaab S. Common variants in KCNN3 are associated with lone atrial fibrillation. Nat Genet. 2010;42:240-244.
11. Gudbjartsson DF, Arnar DO, Helgadottir A, Gretarsdottir S, Holm H, Sigurdsson A, Jonasdottir A, Baker A, Thorleifsson G, Kristjansson K, Palsson A, Blondal T, Sulem P, Backman VM, Hardarson GA, Palsdottir E, Helgason A, Sigurjonsdottir R, Sverrisson JT, Kostulas K, Ng MC, Baum L, So WY, Wong KS, Chan JC, Furie KL, Greenberg SM, Sale M, Kelly P, MacRae CA, Smith EE, Rosand J, Hillert J, Ma RC, Ellinor PT, Thorgeirsson G, Gulcher JR, Kong A, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K. Variants conferring risk of atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25. Nature. 2007;448:353-357. (Pubitemid 47080348)
12. Gudbjartsson DF, Holm H, Gretarsdottir S, Thorleifsson G, Walters GB, Thorgeirsson G, Gulcher J, Mathiesen EB, Njolstad I, Nyrnes A, Wilsgaard T, Hald EM, Hveem K, Stoltenberg C, Kucera G, Stubblefield T, Carter S, Roden D, Ng MC, Baum L, So WY, Wong KS, Chan JC, Gieger C, Wichmann HE, Gschwendtner A, Dichgans M, Kuhlenbaumer G, Berger K, Ringelstein EB, Bevan S, Markus HS, Kostulas K, Hillert J, Sveinbjornsdottir S, Valdimarsson EM, Lochen ML, Ma RC, Darbar D, Kong A, Arnar DO, Thorsteinsdottir U, Stefansson K. A sequence variant in ZFHX3 on 16q22 associates with atrial fibrillation and ischemic stroke. Nat Genet. 2009;41:876-878.
13. Lubitz SA, Sinner MF, Lunetta KL, Makino S, Pfeufer A, Rahman R, Veltman CE, Barnard J, Bis JC, Danik SP, Sonni A, Shea MA, Del Monte F, Perz S, Muller M, Peters A, Greenberg SM, Furie KL, van Noord C, Boerwinkle E, Stricker BH, Witteman J, Smith JD, Chung MK, Heckbert SR, Benjamin EJ, Rosand J, Arking DE, Alonso A, Kaab S, Ellinor PT. Independent susceptibility markers for atrial fibrillation on chromosome 4q25. Circulation. 2010;122:976-984.
14. Poelmann RE, Jongbloed MR, Gittenberger-de Groot AC. Pitx2: a challenging teenager. Circ Res. 2008;102:749-751. (Pubitemid 351521581)
15. Tessari A, Pietrobon M, Notte A, Cifelli G, Gage PJ, Schneider MD, Lembo G, Campione M. Myocardial Pitx2 differentially regulates the left atrial identity and ventricular asymmetric remodeling programs. Circ Res. 2008;102:813-822. (Pubitemid 351521587)
16. Christoffels VM, Smits GJ, Kispert A, Moorman AF. Development of the pacemaker tissues of the heart. Circ Res. 2010;106:240-254.
17. Mommersteeg MT, Brown NA, Prall OW, de Gier-de Vries C, Harvey RP, Moorman AF, Christoffels VM. Pitx2c and Nkx2-5 are required for the formation and identity of the pulmonary myocardium. Circ Res. 2007;101:902-909. (Pubitemid 350287177)
18. Wang J, Klysik E, Sood S, Johnson RL, Wehrens XH, Martin JF. Pitx2 prevents susceptibility to atrial arrhythmias by inhibiting left-sided pacemaker specification. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:9753-9758.
19. Mueller-Hoecker J, Beitinger F, Fernandez B, Bahlmann O, Assmann G, Troidl C, Dimomeletis I, Kaab S, Deindl E. Of rodents and humans: a light microscopic and ultrastructural study on cardiomyocytes in pulmonary veins. Int J Med Sci. 2008;5:152-158. (Pubitemid 351956718)
20. Hall JL, Barac A, Benjamin EJ. Genetic mutations as risk predictors of atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation? J Am Coll Cardiol. 2010;55:754-757.