Land concentration and accumulation after redistributive reform in post-settler Zimbabwe

Review of African Political Economy

Volumn 38, Issue 128, 2011, Pages 257-276

  Moyo, Sam ^a  

^a African Institute for Agrarian Studies   (Zimbabwe)

Author keywords

Colonial land dispossession; Land reform; Neoliberal land grabbing; Popular occupations; State owned agricultural estates

Indexed keywords

AGRARIAN REFORM; AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION; AGROINDUSTRY; CAPITAL; EXPORT; LAND REFORM; STATE OWNED ENTERPRISE;

ZIMBABWE;

CITRUS;

EID: 79959533894     PISSN: 03056244     EISSN: 17401720     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/03056244.2011.582763     Document Type: Article

References (85)

1. Abu-Basutu, K.N., 2010. Forestry and the land reform in Zimbabwe: challenges and the way forward. SALARN Newsletter, 1 (2), 11.
2. Alden Wily, L., 2008. Whose land is it? Commons and conflict states: why the ownership of the commons matters in making and keeping peace. Washington. DC: Rights and Resources Initiative.
3. Amin, S., 1972. Neocolonialism in West Africa. Harmondsworth: Penguin.
4. Amin, S., 1974. Unequal development. New York. NY: Monthly Review Press.
5. Boone, C., 2007. Property and constitutional order: land tenure reform and the future of the African state. Journal of African Affairs, 106 (425), 557-586.
6. Borras, S.M. Jr, 2005. Can redistributive reform be achieved via market-based land transfer schemes? Lessons and evidence from the Philippines. Journal of Development Studies, 41 (1), 90-134.
7. Borras, S.M. Jr, and Franco, J., 2010. From threat to opportunity? Problems with the idea of a 'code of conduct' for land grabbing. Yale Human Rights and Development Law Journal, 13 (1), 507-523.
8. Bradley, P.N. and McNamara, K., eds., 1993. Living with trees: policies for forestry management in Zimbabwe. Technical Paper No. 210. Washington, DC: World Bank.
9. Chambati, W. and Moyo, S., 2009. Situation of former farm workers after land reform: evidence from a national survey 2005/6. Monograph. Harare: African Institute for Agrarian Studies (AIAS).
10. Collier, P., 2007. The bottom billion: why the poorest countries are failing and what can be done about it. New York. NY: Oxford University Press.
11. Cotula, L., Vermeulen, S., Leonard, R., and Keeley, J., 2009. Land grab or development? Agricultural investments and international land deals in Africa. International Institute for Environment and Development, Food and Agriculture Organization and International Fund for Agricultural Development. Rome/London: FAO/Russell Press.
12. De Angelis, M., 2001. Marx and primitive accumulation: the continuous character of capital's 'enclosures'. The Commoner, 2, 1-22.
13. Development Trust of Zimbabwe (DTZ), 2010. Zimbabwe Bio Energy sets the record straight regarding Nuanetsi Ranch. Report. Available from: http://www.zimbabwesituation.com/jan16_2010.html [Accessed 5 January 2011].
14. European Union, 2007. Zimbabwean adaptation strategy to the European Union. Sugar regime reform: final report. February. Brussels: European Union.
15. European Union, 2009. Annual action plan 2009 Zimbabwe. National Sugar Compact. Draft final report: EC sugar facility. March. Brussels: European Union.
16. Federici, S., 2001. The debt crisis, Africa and the new enclosures. The Commoner, 2. Available from: http://www.thecommoner.org.uk/02federici.pdf [Accessed 15 April 2011].
17. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), 2001. Forestry out-grower schemes: a global overview. Unpublished report based on the work of D. Race and H. Desmond. Forest Plantation Thematic Papers, Working Paper No. 11. Rome: Forest Resources Development Service, Forest Resources Division, FAO.
18. GAIN, 2010. Zimbabwe: sugar annual. Global Agricultural Information Network (GAIN). Report. Washington, DC: USDA Foreign Agriculture Service.
19. Ghosh, J., 2008. The global oil price story [online]. Available from: http://www.networkideas.org/jul2008/news28_oil_price.htm [Accessed 4 August 2008].
20. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), 1998a. The Inception Phase Framework Plan of the Second Phase of Land Reform and Resettlement Programme. Harare: Ministry of Land and Agriculture. GoZ.
21. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), 1998b. Zimbabwe: Programme for Economic and Social Transformation. Harare: GoZ.
22. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), 2003. Maguta/Inala/Food Security Programme. Harare: Ministry of Agriculture. GoZ.
23. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), 2004. Wildlife based land reform policy. Revised Draft, 2 April 2004. Harare: GoZ.
24. Government of Zimbabwe (GoZ), 2007. National Biodiesel Prodcution Programme. Ministry of Energy and Power Development. Harare: Government of Zimbabwe.
25. GRAIN, 2009. Grabbing land for food. Grain Seedling. January.
26. Hammar, H., Raftopoulos, B., and Jensen, S., 2003. H. Hammar, B., Raftopoulos and S. Jensen, eds. Zimbabwe's unfinished business: rethinking land, state and nation in the context of crisis. Harare: Weaver.
27. Hellum, A. and Derman, B., 2004. Re-negotiating water and land rights in Zimbabwe: some reflections on legal pluralism, identity and power. In: J. Murison. A. Griffiths and K. King, eds. Remaking law in Africa. Edinburgh: Centre for African Studies. University of Edinburgh, 233-260.
28. Hughes, D.M., 2001. Rezoned for business: how eco-tourism unlocked black farmland in eastern Zimbabwe. Journal of Agrarian Change, 1 (4), 575-599.
29. Inclusive GoZ, 2009. GPA, 2008 agreement between the Zimbabwe African National Union-Patriotic Front (Zanu-PF) and the two Movement For Democratic Change (mdc) formations, on resolving the challenges facing Zimbabwe. September. Harare: Government of Zimbabwe.
30. Manji, A., 2006. The politics of land reform in Africa: form communal tenure to free markets. London: Zed.
31. Ministry of Finance, 2010. Ministry of Finance budget speech 2010. Harare: Ministry of Finance of Zimbabwe. Available from: http://www.zimtreasury.org/downloads/834.pdf [Accessed 22 December 2010].
32. Ministry of Foreign Affairs, 2007. Current status on the Bilateral Investment Promotion Partners Agreements (BIPPA) farms. Harare: Ministry of Foreign Affairs.
33. Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement [MLRR], 2009. Memorandum to Cabinet by the Minister of Lands and Rural Resettlement Hon. H. M. Murerwa (MP) on the update on land reform and resettlement programme, Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement. September 2009. Harare: GoZ.
34. Mitchell, D., 2008. A note on rising food prices. Policy Research Working Paper No. 4682, July. Washington, DC: The World Bank, Development Prospects Group.
35. Mkandawire, T. and Saludo, C., 1999. Our continent, our future: African perspectives on structural adjustment. Dakar, Ottawa and Asmara: CODESRIA, International Development Research Centre and Africa World Press.
36. Movement for Democratic Change, 2004. RESTART: our path to social justice. The MDC's economic programme for reconstruction, stabilisation, recovery and transformation. Harare: Movement for Democratic Change.
37. Movement for Democratic Change, 2007. A new Zimbabwe. Policy Paper. Harare: Movement for Democratic Change.
38. Moyana, H.V., 2002. The political economy of land in Zimbabwe. Gweru: Mambo.
39. Moyo, S., 1995. The land question in Zimbabwe. Harare: SAPES Books.
40. Moyo, S., 1998. The land acquisition process in Zimbabwe (1997/8). United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). Harare: UNDP.
41. Moyo, S., 1999. The political economy of land acquisition in Zimbabwe, 1990-1999. Journal of Southern African Studies, 26 (1), 5-28.
42. Moyo, S., 2000. Land reform under structural adjustment in Zimbabwe; land use change in Mashonaland Provinces. Uppsala: Nordiska Afrika Institutet.
43. Moyo, S., 2001. The land occupation movement and democratization in Zimbabwe: contradictions of neo-liberalism. Millennium: Journal of International Studies, 30 (2), 311-330.
44. Moyo, S., 2005. Land policy, poverty reduction and public action in Zimbabwe. In: A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi, S.M. Borras Jr and C. Kay, eds. Land, poverty and livelihoods in an era of globalisation: perspectives from developing and transition countries. Routledge and Institute of Social Studies (ISS), the Hague, Studies in Rural Livelihoods. London and New York: Routledge, 344-382.
45. Moyo, S., 2008. African land questions, agrarian transitions and the state: contradictions of neoliberal land reforms. Green Book Series. Dakar: CODESRIA.
46. Moyo, S., 2011a. Agrarian reform and prospects for recovery. In: H. Baseda, ed. Zimbabwe: picking up the pieces. New York: Palgrave MacMillan, 129-155.
47. Moyo, S., Forthcoming 2011b. Three decades of agrarian reform in Zimbabwe: changing agrarian relations. Journal of Peasant Studies.
48. Moyo, S., Chambati, W., Murisa, T., Siziba, D., Dangwa, C., Mujeyi, K., and Nyoni, N., 2009. Fasttrack land reform baseline survey in Zimbabwe: trends and tendencies, 2005/06. Harare: African Institute for Agrarian Studies (AIAS).
49. Moyo, S., Kirk, H. and Murisa, T., eds, 2008. Contested terrain: land reform and civil society in contemporary Zimbabwe. Pietermaritzburg: SS Publishers.
50. Moyo, S. and Yeros, P., 2005. The resurgence of rural movements under neoliberalism. Reclaiming the land: the resurgence of rural movements in Africa. Asia and Latin America, London: Zed 1-64.
51. Moyo, S. and Yeros, P., 2007. The radicalised state: Zimbabwe's interrupted revolution. Review of African Political Economy, 34 (111), 103-121.
52. Moyo, S. and Yeros, P., 2009. Zimbabwe ten years on: results and prospects. [on-line]. Available from: http://www.pambazuka.org/en/category/features/54037 [Accessed February 2009].
53. Mujeyi, K. and Moyo, S., 2010. Land and bio-fuels industry development in Zimbabwe. Monograph. Harare: African Institute for Agrarian Studies (AIAS).
54. Murombedzi, J., 1994. The dynamics of conflict in environmental management policy in the context of CAMPFIRE. PhD thesis, University of Zimbabwe, Harare.
55. National Economic Development Priority Programme (NEDPP), 2006. A public/private sector partnership. Prepared by National Economic Consultative Forum (NECF). Harare: NEDPP.
56. Newsdays, 2010. Villagers beat up police boss, DA. Newsdays [on-line]. Available from: http://www.newsday.co.zw/article/2010-09-02-villagers-beat-up-police-boss-da [Accessed 5 January 2011].
57. Palmer, R., 1977. Land and racial denomination in Rhodesia. London: Heinemann Educational.
58. Patnaik, P., 2008. The accumulation process in the period of globalization. Available from: http://www.networkideas.org/focus/may2008/fo28_globalisation.htm/.
59. Petras, J., 2008. The great land giveaway: neo-colonialism by invitation [online]. Global Research, 1 December. Montreal: Global Research. Available from: http://www.globalresearch.ca/index.php?context=va&aid=11231 [Accessed 15 April 2011].
60. Raftopoulos, B., 2009. The crisis in Zimbabwe. In: B. Raftopoulos and A. Mlambo. eds. A history from the pre-colonial period to 2008: becoming Zimbabwe. Harare: Weaver. 201-232.
61. Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, 2007. Summary of Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe's Strategic Imports Programme 2004-2007. Supplement to January 2007 Monetary Policy Review Statement, 31 January. Harare: Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe.
62. Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe, 2011. Monetary policy statement. January. Harare: Reserve Bank of Zimbabwe.
63. Rukuni, M., Tawonenzi, P., and Eicher, E.K., Munyuki-Hungwe, M., and Matondi, P., eds 2006. Zimbabwe's agricultural revolution revisited. Harare: University of Zimbabwe Publ.
64. Sadomba, W., 2008.War veterans in Zimbabwe: complexities of a liberation movement in an African post-colonial settler society. PhD thesis, Wageningen University, Wageningen.
65. Scarnecchia, T., Alexander, A., et al., 2008. Response to lessons of Zimbabwe. Available from: http://www.lrb.co.uk/v31/n01/letters.html/.
66. Scoones, I., Marongwe, N., Mavedzenge, B., Murimbarimba, F., Mahenehene, J., and Sukume, C., 2010. Zimbabwe's land reform: myths and realities. Harare: Weaver. Jacana Media and Oxford: James Currey.
67. Shivji, I., 2009. Where is uhuru? Reflections on the struggle for democracy in Africa, ed. G.R. Murung. Cape Town: Fahamu.
68. Shivji, I.G., Moyo, S., Ncube, W., and Gunby, D., 1998. National Land Policy Draft. Draft discussion paper prepared for the Government of Zimbabwe. Harare: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and Ministry of Lands and Rural Resettlement.
69. Stoneman, C., ed., 1988. Zimbabwe's prospects: issues of race, class, state, and capital in Southern Africa. London: Macmillan.
70. Sukume, C. and Moyo, S., 2004. Farm sizes, decongestion and land use: implications of the fast-track land redistribution programme in Zimbabwe. Mimeo. Harare: AIAS.
71. Sunday Mail, 2010. Villagers, investor clash over land. 30 May. Available from: http://www.sundaymail.co.zw/inside.aspx?sectid=17360&cat=1 [Accessed 2 June 2010].
72. Tabb, W.K., 2008. The global food crisis and what has capitalism to do with it. Available from: http://www.networkideas.org/focus/Jul2008/fo28_Global_Food_Crisis.htm [Accessed 28 July 2008].
73. The Herald, 2010a. Govt assesses villagers' compensation needs. 31 May.
74. The Herald, 2010b. Chisumbanje: power with sweetness. 15 April.
75. Timber Producers Federation, 2009. Zimbabwe timber industry statistics for the year ended 31 March 2009. Mutare: Timber Producers Federation.
76. Tupy, M.L., 2007. A four-step recovery plan for Zimbabwe. Washington, DC: CATO Institute. Available from: http://www.cato.org/pub_display.php?pub_id=8191 [Accessed 9 October 2008].
77. USAID, 2010. Zimbabwe agricultural sector market study. Weidemann Associates.
78. Utete, C.M.B., 2003. Report of the Presidential Land Review Committee, under the chairmanship of Dr Charles M. B. Utete. Vols 1 and 2: Main report to his Excellency the President of the Republic of Zimbabwe. Harare: Presidential Land Review Committee (PLRC).
79. Von Braun, J. and Meinzen-Dick, R., 2009. Land grabbing by foreign investors in developing countries: risks and opportunities. Policy Brief, 13 April. Washington DC: International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
80. Wahenga, 2007. Bio-fuel production and the threat to South Africa's food security. Wahenga Brief No. 11, April. Regional Hunger Vulnerability Programme (RHVP). Johannesburg: RHVP.
81. Wolmer, W., 2003. Transboundary conservation: the politics of ecological integrity in the Great Limpopo Transfrontier Park. Journal of Southern African Studies, 29 (1), 261-278.
82. Wolmer, W., Chaumba, J., and Scoones, I., 2004.Wildlife management and land reform in southeastern Zimbabwe: a compatible pairing or a contradiction in terms? Geoforum, 35, 87-98.
83. World Bank, 2010. Rising global interest in farmland. Report, September. Washington, DC: The World Bank.
84. Yeros, S., 2009. The new scramble for Africa: imperialism and sub-imperialism at the millennium. Paper presented at the AIAS Summer School, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, January 2009.
85. Zimbabwe Joint Resettlement Initiative (ZIJRI), 2001. Zimbabwe Joint Resettlement Initiative (ZIJRI) proposal. Harare: Commercial Farmers Union.