The making of the cyprus settlement, 1958-60

Cyprus Review

Volumn 10, Issue 2, 1998, Pages 11-32

  James, Alan ^a  

^a NONE

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EID: 79958807924     PISSN: 10152881     EISSN: 25478974     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (47)

1. Xydis Stephen G. (1973) Cyprus: Reluctant Republic. The Hague and Paris, Mouton, 333.
2. Book chiefly based on Averoff's papers, 337-8; Averoff-Tossizza, Evangelos (1986) Lost Opportunities. The Cyprus Question, 1950-1963, translated from Greek by Timothy Cullen and Susan Kyriakidis New York, New Rochelle,
3. See Reddaway, John (1986) Burdened with Cyprus: The British Connection. London, Nicosia, Weidenfeld and Nicolson and K Rustem & Bro.,143; and Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 242.
4. PRO: FO 371/144642, RGC 1073/49, various minutes, 16-24 February 1959.
5. PRO: FO 371/144642, RGC 1073/41, 16 February 1959. The same Minister had said of Makarios' tactics in 1956 that "'as soon as one obstacle is out of the way another one, unheard of until a week or two before, rears its head"'.
6. Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 437-41.
7. Psomiades, Harry J. (May 1965) 'The Cyprus Dispute', Current History 48, no. 285, 271-2.
8. Salih, Hali Ibrahim (1978) Cyprus: The Impact of Diverse Nationalism on a State. University, Alabama, University of Alabama Press, quoting from
9. PRO: FO 371/144642, RGC 1073/54, 18 February 1959.
10. Quoted in Polyviou, Polyvios G. (1980) Cyprus: Conflict and Negotiation, 1960-1980. London, Duckworth, 14.
11. Admirers of Macmillan will recall that this was the occasion on which he appeared in Moscow sporting an ancient white fur hat which, he did not realise at the time, 'was a form of headdress peculiar to Finland': Macmillan, Harold (1971) Riding the Storm, 1956-1959. London, Macmillan, 591.
12. Vanezis, P N (1979) Makarios: Life and Leadership. London, Abelard-Schuman, 54, gives it as 10.30.
13. The time is taken from Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 453;
14. West, Nigel (1990) The Friends. Britain's Post-War Intelligence Operations. London, Coronet edition [originally published by Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1988], 103. It should be noted, however, that Makarios was not in Cyprus during 1958.
15. Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 456.
16. See Foley, Charles and Scobie, W I (1975) The Struggle for Cyprus. Stanford, California, Hoover Institution Press, Stanford University, 157.
17. A 1964 statement to the Greek Government, quoted in Sonyel Salahi, R. (1997) Cyprus: The Destruction of a Republic. British Documents 1960-65. Huntingdon, Cambs, Eothen Press, 80. Similarly, the leader of the Greek Cypriot delegation at the Commission which drafted the Cyprus Constitution has said that the Agreements which it reflected were accepted only reluctantly and with the intention of abrogating them in order to achieve Enosis': see Necatigil, Zaim M. (1993) The Cyprus question and the Turkish Position in International Law. Oxford, Oxford University Press, second edition, 12 fn 21.
18. Macmillan, work cited in footnote 30, 692.
19. Foley Charles (ed.) (1964) The Memoirs of General Grivas. London, Longmans, 192.
20. Landa, Ronald D., Miller James E, Patterson David S, Simpson Charles S (eds.) (1993), Foreign Relations of the United States, 1958-1960 Volume X, Part 1, Eastern Europe Region; Soviet Union; Cyprus. Washington DC, United States Goverment Printing Office, 777.
21. Britain, Greece, Turkey, and the two Cypriot communities all put their signatures at London to documents which included this phrase: see Cmnd. 679, cited in footnote 18, and Ertekun, work cited in footnote 8.
22. PRO: CAB 134/1593, CY (0) (59) 38, 8 April 1959. The text of the Agreed Minute is given in CAB 134/1592, C.Y. (0) (59) 22, 25 February 1959.
23. PRO: CAB 134/1593, C.Y. (O) (59) 31 (Revise), 15 April 1959, para 9.
24. PRO: CAB 134/1593, C.Y. (0) (59) 41, Attorney-General to Foreign Office, 15 April 1959.
25. PRO: CAB/134/1587, C.Y. (M) (59) 1st Meeting, 28 April 1959. 46. PRO: CAB 134/1593, CY (0) (59) 44, Note by the Foreign Office, 8 May 1959.
26. PRO: FO 371/144646, RGC 1073/90, minute of RLWG [Robert Wade Gery],12 June 1959.
27. PRO: FO 371/144647, RGC 1073/110, minute by CR E Brooke, 9 July 1959.
28. PRO: FO 371/144653, RGC 1073/158, minute by R L Wade-Gery, 20 October 1959.
29. Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 514.
30. PRO: FO 371/144646, Defence and Foreign Policy of Cyprus, Report by the Cyprus Committee, 10 April 1959.
31. See Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 481.
32. PRO: PREM 11/2923, minute and attachment from the Minister of Defence to the Prime Minister, 18 February 1960. Cf CAB 134/1588, C.Y. (M) (60) 2nd Meeting, 14 January 1960.
33. See PRO: PREM 11/2923, Prime Minister to Foreign Secretary, 4 April 1960.
34. Private information.
35. PRO: PREM 11/3242, House of Commons statement by the Secretary of State for the Colonies, 4 July 1960. 61. See PRO: Prem 11/2924, Nicosia to FO, 753, 2 July 1960.
36. See Xydis, work cited in footnote 2, 481.
37. PRO: CAB 134/1588, C.Y. (M) (60) 12, 13 January 1960.
38. PRO: CAB 134/1588, C.Y. (M) (60), Second meeting,14 January 1960.
39. PRO: PREM 11/2924, 29 April 1960. 66. See PRO: PREM 11/2924, Nicosia to FO, 735, for the Foreign Secretary from Amery, 1 July 1960; and private information. 67. See p.346, Garner, J. (1978) The Commonwealth Office, 1925-68. London,
40. PRO: CAB 134/1591, CY (0) (59) First meeting, 2 January 1959. (It should be noted, however, that very shortly afterwards a Foreign Office memorandum said that 'there would be little objection from our point of view to Cyprus as a United Nations member': CY (0) (59) 4, 9 January 1959.) See also FO 371/144629, RGC 1051/16, Southern Department round-up of developments, 29 January 1959, in which it is said that the basis for the solution of the problem is 'a type of independence' for Cyprus.
41. PRO: CAB 134/1592, CY (0) (59) 3 (Revised), 3 February 1959.
42. PRO: CAB 134/1588, C.Y. (M) (60) 1, membership of International "Organisations, Memorandum by the Foreign Office, 1 January 1960.
43. Quoted in McIntyre, W.D. (1996), 'The Admission of Small states to the Commonwealth', 24 Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History 2, 269. The R.A.C. and Boodles were two Gentlemen's Clubs in London, but the latter was the much more exclusive of the two.
44. PRO: CAB 134/1588, documents cited in footnote 71.
45. PRO: DEFE 13/382, minute from the Secretary of State for the Colonies to the Prime Minister, P.M. (60) 45, 14 July 1960, and Prime Minister's reply, 15 July 1960.
46. PRO: FO 371/144639 RGC 1073/1, 4 February 1959. The answer was given by the Colonial Office in FO 371/144642, RGC 1073/55-an undated document which was handed to Cypriot representatives on 16 February 1959. See also FO 371/144631, RGC 1051/49, 16 July 1959.
47. See PRO: PREM 11/3242, exchange of telegrams between the Colonial Office and the Governor, 20 and 21 July 1960, and despatch no. 1 from I F Porter, 7 September 1960.