Biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology

Volumn 57, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 522-535

  De Jong, Sanne ^a   Van Veen, Toon A B ^a   De Bakker, Jacques M T ^a,b   Vos, Marc A ^a   Van Rijen, Harold V M ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER UTRECHT   (Netherlands)

^b ROYAL NETHERLANDS ACADEMY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES   (Netherlands)

Author keywords

biomarkers; collagen; fibrosis; heart failure

Indexed keywords

BIOLOGICAL MARKER; CARBOXY TERMINAL TELOPEPTIDE; COLLAGEN; COLLAGEN TYPE 1; COLLAGEN TYPE 3; COLLAGENASE 3; GELATINASE A; GELATINASE B; INTERSTITIAL COLLAGENASE; MATRILYSIN; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; NEUTROPHIL COLLAGENASE; PROCOLLAGEN; PROCOLLAGEN TYPE 3 AMINOPROPEPTIDE; PROCOLLAGEN TYPE I AMINO TERMINAL PROPEPTIDE; PROCOLLAGEN TYPE I CARBOXY TERMINAL PROPEPTIDE; STROMELYSIN; TISSUE INHIBITOR OF METALLOPROTEINASE 1; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

COLLAGEN DEGRADATION; COLLAGEN SYNTHESIS; DETERIORATION; DISEASE COURSE; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; HEART FAILURE; HEART MUSCLE FIBROSIS; HUMAN; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; PROTEIN EXPRESSION; REVIEW;

ANIMALS; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CARDIOMYOPATHIES; COLLAGEN; EXTRACELLULAR MATRIX; FIBROSIS; HUMANS; MYOCARDIUM; VENTRICULAR REMODELING;

EID: 79957714528     PISSN: 01602446     EISSN: 15334023     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/FJC.0b013e31821823d9     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. Katz AM. Heart Failure. Pathophysiology, Molecular Biology and Clinical Management. Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2000
2. Raphael C, Briscoe C, Davies J, et al. Limitations of the New York heart association functional classification system and self-reported walking distances in chronic heart failure. Heart. 2007;93:476-482 (Pubitemid 46631515)
3. Lloyd-Jones D, Adams R, Carnethon M, et al. Heart disease and stroke statistics-2009 update: a report from the American heart association statistics committee and stroke statistics subcommittee. Circulation. 2009; 119:e21-e181
4. Report of the WHO/ISFC task force on the definition and classification of cardiomyopathies. Br Heart J. 1980;44:672-673
5. Swynghedauw B. Molecular mechanisms of myocardial remodeling. Physiol Rev. 1999;79:215-262 (Pubitemid 29056953)
6. Lukashev ME, Werb Z. ECM signalling: orchestrating cell behaviour and misbehaviour. Trends Cell Biol. 1998;8:437-441 (Pubitemid 28529716)
7. Caulfield JB, Janicki JS. Structure and function of myocardial fibrillar collagen. Technol Health Care. 1997;5:95-113 (Pubitemid 27368470)
8. Eghbali M, Weber KT. Collagen and the myocardium: fibrillar structure, biosynthesis and degradation in relation to hypertrophy and its regression. Mol Cell Biochem. 1990;96:1-14 (Pubitemid 20224147)
9. Weber KT, Janicki JS, Shroff SG, et al. Collagen remodeling of the pressure-overloaded, hypertrophied nonhuman primate myocardium. Circ Res. 1988;62:757-765
10. Medugorac I, Jacob R. Characterisation of left ventricular collagen in the rat. Cardiovasc Res. 1983;17:15-21 (Pubitemid 13181034)
11. Linehan KA, Seymour AM, Williams PE. Semiquantitative analysis of collagen types in the hypertrophied left ventricle. J Anat. 2001;198(pt 1): 83-92 (Pubitemid 32162319)
12. Brower GL, Gardner JD, Forman MF, et al. The relationship between myocardial extracellular matrix remodeling and ventricular function. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2006;30:604-610 (Pubitemid 44332949)
13. Eghbali M, Czaja MJ, Zeydel M, et al. Collagen chain MRNAS in isolated heart cells fromyoung and adult rats. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1988;20:267-276
14. Lopez B, Gonzalez A, Varo N, et al. Biochemical assessment of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease. Hypertension. 2001;38:1222-1226 (Pubitemid 34252835)
15. Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, et al. Molecular Biology of the Cell. New York, NY: Garland Science; 2002
16. Risteli J, Risteli L. Analysing connective tissue metabolites in human serum. Biochemical, physiological and methodological aspects. J Hepatol. 1995;22(suppl):77-81
17. Risteli L, Risteli J. Non-invasive Methods for Detection of Organ Fibrosis. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press; 1990
18. Trackman PC. Diverse biological functions of extracellular collagen processing enzymes. J Cell Biochem. 2005;96:927-937 (Pubitemid 41688719)
19. Spinale FG. Matrix metalloproteinases: regulation and dysregulation in the failing heart. Circ Res. 2002;90:520-530 (Pubitemid 34640901)
20. Martel-Pelletier J,Welsch DJ, Pelletier JP. Metalloproteases and inhibitors in arthritic diseases. Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol. 2001;15:805-829
21. Stetler-Stevenson WG. Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press; 1997
22. Visse R, Nagase H. Matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: structure, function, and biochemistry. Circ Res. 2003; 92:827-839 (Pubitemid 36542523)
23. Ahmed SH, Clark LL, Pennington WR, et al. Matrix metalloproteinases/ tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases: relationship between changes in proteolytic determinants of matrix composition and structural, functional, and clinical manifestations of hypertensive heart disease. Circulation. 2006;113:2089-2096
24. Spinale FG. Myocardial matrix remodeling and the matrix metalloproteinases: influence on cardiac form and function. Physiol Rev. 2007; 87:1285-1342 (Pubitemid 350041472)
25. Zucker S, Hymowitz M, Conner C, et al. Measurement of matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases in blood and tissues. Clinical and experimental applications. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1999;878:212-227 (Pubitemid 29353573)
26. Lovelock JD, Baker AH, Gao F, et al. Heterogeneous effects of tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases on cardiac fibroblasts. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2005;288:H461-H468 (Pubitemid 40139626)
27. Barton PJ, Birks EJ, Felkin LE, et al. Increased expression of extracellular matrix regulators timp1 and mmp1 in deteriorating heart failure. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2003;22:738-744 (Pubitemid 36842925)
28. Weber KT, Sun Y, Guarda E, et al. Myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease: an overview of potential regulatory mechanisms. Eur Heart J. 1995;16(suppl):24-28
29. Pauschinger M, Knopf D, Petschauer S, et al. Dilated cardiomyopathy is associated with significant changes in collagen type I/III ratio. Circulation. 1999;99:2750-2756
30. Jugdutt BI. Remodeling of the myocardium and potential targets in the collagen degradation and synthesis pathways. Curr Drug Targets Cardiovasc Haematol Disord. 2003;3:1-30 (Pubitemid 36244902)
31. Janicki JS, Brower GL. The role of myocardial fibrillar collagen in ventricular remodeling and function. JCardFail. 2002;8(suppl):S319-S325 (Pubitemid 36083078)
32. Lopez B, Gonzalez A, Querejeta R, et al. Alterations in the pattern of collagen deposition may contribute to the deterioration of systolic function in hypertensive patients with heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2006;48:89-96 (Pubitemid 43929208)
33. Kawara T, Derksen R, de Groot JR, et al. Activation delay after premature stimulation in chronically diseased human myocardium relates to the architecture of interstitial fibrosis. Circulation. 2001;104:3069-3075 (Pubitemid 34014059)
34. Kucera JP, Kleber AG, Rohr S. Slow conduction in cardiac tissue, II: effects of branching tissue geometry. Circ Res. 1998;83:795-805 (Pubitemid 28489076)
35. Stein M, Noorman M, van Veen TA, et al. Dominant arrhythmia vulnerability of the right ventricle in senescent mice. Heart Rhythm. 2008; 5:438-448
36. Stein M, Boulaksil M, Jansen JA, et al. Reduction of fibrosis related arrhythmias by chronic renin-angiotensin-aldosterone-system inhibitors in an aged mouse model. Am J Physiol. 2010;299:H310-H321
37. Radauceanu A, Moulin F, Djaballah W, et al. Residual stress ischaemia is associated with blood markers of myocardial structural remodelling. Eur J Heart Fail. 2007;9:370-376 (Pubitemid 46441969)
38. Zannad F, Radauceanu A. Effect of mr blockade on collagen formation and cardiovascular disease with a specific emphasis on heart failure. Heart Fail Rev. 2005;10:71-78 (Pubitemid 40895318)
39. Cavallari LH, Groo VL, Momary KM, et al. Markers of cardiac collagen turnover are similar in patients with mild and more severe symptoms of heart failure. Congest Heart Fail. 2007;13:275-279
40. Weber KT, Sun Y, Katwa LC, et al. Connective tissue and repair in the heart. Potential regulatory mechanisms. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1995;752:286-299
41. Pardo Mindan FJ, Panizo A. Alterations in the extracellular matrix of the myocardium in essential hypertension. Eur Heart J. 1993;14(suppl J): 12-14 (Pubitemid 23355384)
42. Gabbiani G. The myofibroblast in wound healing and fibrocontractive diseases. J Pathol. 2003;200:500-503 (Pubitemid 36818250)
43. Butt RP, Laurent GJ, Bishop JE. Collagen production and replication by cardiac fibroblasts is enhanced in response to diverse classes of growth factors. Eur J Cell Biol. 1995;68:330-335
44. Wright JW, Mizutani S, Harding JW. Pathways involved in the transition from hypertension to hypertrophy to heart failure. Treatment strategies. Heart Fail Rev. 2008;13:367-375
45. Zhou G, Kandala JC, Tyagi SC, et al. Effects of angiotensin II and aldosterone on collagen gene expression and protein turnover in cardiac fibroblasts. Mol Cell Biochem. 1996;154:171-178 (Pubitemid 26038059)
46. Tsuruda T, Costello-Boerrigter LC, Burnett JC Jr. Matrix metalloproteinases: pathways of induction by bioactive molecules. Heart Fail Rev. 2004;9:53-61 (Pubitemid 38196077)
47. Swedberg K, Cleland J, Dargie H, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure: executive summary (update 2005): the task force for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic heart failure of the European society of cardiology. Eur Heart J. 2005;26:1115-1140
48. McMurray JJ, Pfeffer MA. Heart failure. Lancet. 2005;365:1877-1889 (Pubitemid 40744967)
49. Jugdutt BI. Pleiotropic effects of cardiac drugs on healing post-MI. The good, bad, and ugly. Heart Fail Rev. 2008;13:439-452
50. Pitt B, Zannad F, Remme WJ, et al. The effect of spironolactone on morbidity and mortality in patients with severe heart failure. Randomized aldactone evaluation study investigators. N Engl J Med. 1999;341:709-717 (Pubitemid 29407370)
51. Lopez B, Querejeta R, Gonzalez A, et al. Effects of loop diuretics on myocardial fibrosis and collagen type I turnover in chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2004;43:2028-2035 (Pubitemid 38686797)
52. Kim RJ, Fieno DS, Parrish TB, et al. Relationship of MRI delayed contrast enhancement to irreversible injury, infarct age, and contractile function. Circulation. 1999;100:1992-2002 (Pubitemid 29529292)
53. Gonzalez A, Lopez B, Ravassa S, et al. Biochemical markers of myocardial remodelling in hypertensive heart disease. Cardiovasc Res. 2009;81:509-518
54. Morrow DA, de Lemos JA. Benchmarks for the assessment of novel cardiovascular biomarkers. Circulation. 2007;115:949-952 (Pubitemid 46328287)
55. Risteli J, Risteli L. Collagen Metabolites in Body Fluids. New York, NY: Wiley-Liss; 2002
56. Klappacher G, Franzen P, Haab D, et al. Measuring extracellular matrix turnover in the serum of patients with idiopathic or ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy and impact on diagnosis and prognosis. Am J Cardiol. 1995;75:913-918
57. Lombardi R, Betocchi S, Losi MA, et al. Myocardial collagen turnover in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 2003;108:1455-1460 (Pubitemid 37176451)
58. Alla F, Kearney-Schwartz A, Radauceanu A, et al. Early changes in serum markers of cardiac extra-cellular matrix turnover in patients with uncomplicated hypertension and type II diabetes. Eur J Heart Fail. 2006;8:147-153 (Pubitemid 43240848)
59. Barasch E, Gottdiener JS, Aurigemma G, et al. Association between elevated fibrosis markers and heart failure in the elderly: the cardiovascular health study. Circ Heart Fail. 2009;2:303-310
60. Martos R, Baugh J, Ledwidge M, et al. Diastolic heart failure: evidence of increased myocardial collagen turnover linked to diastolic dysfunction. Circulation. 2007;115:888-895 (Pubitemid 46294729)
61. Sato Y, Kataoka K, Matsumori A, et al. Measuring serum aminoterminal type III procollagen peptide, 7s domain of type IV collagen, and cardiac troponin t in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and secondary cardiomyopathy. Heart. 1997;78:505-508 (Pubitemid 27515114)
62. Cicoira M, Rossi A, Bonapace S, et al. Independent and additional prognostic value of aminoterminal propeptide of type III procollagen circulating levels in patients with chronic heart failure. J Card Fail. 2004; 10:403-411 (Pubitemid 41080221)
63. Zannad F, Alla F, Dousset B, et al. Limitation of excessive extracellular matrix turnover may contribute to survival benefit of spironolactone therapy in patients with congestive heart failure: insights from the randomized aldactone evaluation study (RALES). RALES investigators. Circulation. 2000;102:2700-2706
64. Blangy H, Sadoul N, Dousset B, et al. Serum BNP, HS-C-reactive protein, procollagen to assess the risk of ventricular tachycardia in ICD recipients after myocardial infarction. Europace. 2007;9:724-729 (Pubitemid 47371644)
65. Plaksej R, Kosmala W, Frantz S, et al. Relation of circulating markers of fibrosis and progression of left and right ventricular dysfunction in hypertensive patients with heart failure. J Hypertens. 2009;27:2483-2491
66. Biolo A, Rohde LE, Goldraich LA, et al. Serum procollagen type III is associated with elevated right-sided filling pressures in stable outpatients with congestive heart failure. Biomarkers. 2009;14:438-442
67. Wang TJ, Larson MG, Benjamin EJ, et al. Clinical and echocardiographic correlates of plasma procollagen type III amino-terminal peptide levels in the community. Am Heart J. 2007;154:291-297 (Pubitemid 47069123)
68. Quilliot D, Alla F, Bohme P, et al. Myocardial collagen turnover in normotensive obese patients: relation to insulin resistance. Int J Obes (Lond). 2005;29:1321-1328 (Pubitemid 41679263)
69. Querejeta R, Lopez B, Gonzalez A, et al. Increased collagen type I synthesis in patients with heart failure of hypertensive origin: relation to myocardial fibrosis. Circulation. 2004;110:1263-1268 (Pubitemid 39202343)
70. Gonzalez A, Lopez B, Querejeta R, et al. Filling pressures and collagen metabolism in hypertensive patients with heart failure and normal ejection fraction. Hypertension. 2010;55:1418-1424
71. Querejeta R, Varo N, Lopez B, et al. Serum carboxy-terminal propeptide of procollagen type I is a marker of myocardial fibrosis in hypertensive heart disease. Circulation. 2000;101:1729-1735 (Pubitemid 30196635)
72. Schwartzkopff B, Fassbach M, Pelzer B, et al. Elevated serum markers of collagen degradation in patients with mild to moderate dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur J Heart Fail. 2002;4:439-434
73. Risteli J, Elomaa I, Niemi S, et al. Radioimmunoassay for the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen: a new serum marker of bone collagen degradation. Clin Chem. 1993;39: 635-640 (Pubitemid 23118314)
74. Kitahara T, Takeishi Y, Arimoto T, et al. Serum carboxy-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP) predicts cardiac events in chronic heart failure patients with preserved left ventricular systolic function. Circ J. 2007;71:929-935 (Pubitemid 46833933)
75. Kanoupakis EM, Manios EG, Kallergis EM, et al. Serum markers of collagen turnover predict future shocks in implantable cardioverterdefibrillator recipients with dilated cardiomyopathy on optimal treatment. J Am Coll Cardiol. 55:2753-2759
76. Umar S, Bax JJ, Klok M, et al. Myocardial collagen metabolism in failing hearts before and during cardiac resynchronization therapy. Eur J Heart Fail. 2008;10:878-883
77. Thomas CV, CokerML, Zellner JL, et al. Increased matrix metalloproteinase activity and selective upregulation in LV myocardium from patients with end-stage dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 1998;97:1708-1715 (Pubitemid 28211420)
78. Spinale FG, Coker ML, Heung LJ, et al. A matrix metalloproteinase induction/activation system exists in the human left ventricular myocardium and is upregulated in heart failure. Circulation. 2000;102:1944-1949
79. Jordan A, Roldan V, Garcia M, et al. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 and its inhibitor, TIMP-1, in systolic heart failure: relation to functional data and prognosis. J Intern Med. 2007;262:385-392 (Pubitemid 47246973)
80. Herpel E, Pritsch M, Koch A, et al. Interstitial fibrosis in the heart: differences in extracellular matrix proteins and matrix metalloproteinases in end-stage dilated, ischaemic and valvular cardiomyopathy. Histopathology. 2006;48:736-747
81. Frantz S, Stork S, Michels K, et al. Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases levels in patients with chronic heart failure: an independent predictor of mortality. Eur J Heart Fail. 2008;10:388-395
82. Janicki JS, Brower GL, Gardner JD, et al. The dynamic interaction between matrix metalloproteinase activity and adverse myocardial remodeling. Heart Fail Rev. 2004;9:33-42 (Pubitemid 38196075)
83. Kramer F, Sandner P, Klein M, et al. Plasma concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase-2, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 and osteopontin reflect severity of heart failure in DOCA-salt hypertensive rat. Biomarkers. 2008;13:270-281 (Pubitemid 351552473)
84. George J, Patal S, Wexler D, et al. Circulating matrix metalloproteinase-2 but not matrix metalloproteinase-3, matrix metalloproteinase-9, or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 predicts outcome in patients with congestive heart failure. Am Heart J. 2005;150:484-487 (Pubitemid 41317618)
85. Diez J, Laviades C. Monitoring fibrillar collagen turnover in hypertensive heart disease. Cardiovasc Res. 1997;35:202-205 (Pubitemid 27372031)
86. Milting H, Ellinghaus P, Seewald M, et al. Plasma biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis and remodeling in terminal heart failure patients supported by mechanical circulatory support devices. J Heart Lung Transpl. 2008;27:589-596 (Pubitemid 351715387)
87. Junqueira LC, Bignolas G, Brentani RR. Picrosirius staining plus polarization microscopy, a specific method for collagen detection in tissue sections. Histochem J. 1979;11:447-455 (Pubitemid 9238595)
88. Gonzalez A, Lopez B, Ravassa S, et al. Biochemical markers of myocardial remodelling in hypertensive heart disease. Cardiovasc Res. 2009;81:509-518
89. Gerlach RF, Tanus-Santos JE. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 in congestive heart failure. Am Heart J. 2006;152:e9 (Pubitemid 43974746)