Epidemiology of falls in older age

Canadian Journal on Aging

Volumn 30, Issue 1, 2011, Pages 7-19

  Peel, Nancye May ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF QUEENSLAND   (Australia)

Author keywords

epidemiology; fall related injuries; falls; public health impact; seniors

Indexed keywords

AGE; AGED; ANCESTRY GROUP; ECONOMICS; FALLING; HEALTH CARE POLICY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMAN; INCIDENCE; INFORMATION PROCESSING; OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESIDENTIAL HOME; REVIEW; SEX DIFFERENCE; SOCIAL CLASS; STATISTICS;

ACCIDENTAL FALLS; AGE FACTORS; AGED; CONTINENTAL POPULATION GROUPS; DATA COLLECTION; HEALTH POLICY; HOSPITALIZATION; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; PATIENT OUTCOME ASSESSMENT; POPULATION DYNAMICS; PUBLIC HEALTH; RESIDENTIAL FACILITIES; SEX FACTORS; SOCIAL CLASS;

EID: 79957471277     PISSN: 07149808     EISSN: 17101107     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1017/S071498081000070X     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Allen, T. (2004). Preventing falls in older people: Evaluating a peer education approach. British Journal of Community Nursing, 9 (5), 195-200 .
2. American Geriatrics Society, British Geriatrics Society, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons Panel on Falls Prevention. (2001). Guideline for the prevention of falls in older persons. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 49 (5), 664-672 .
3. Anstey, K.J., Burns, R., von Sanden, C., & Luszcz, M.A. (2008). Psychological well-being is an independent predictor of falling in an 8-year follow-up of older adults .The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 63 (4), P249-P257 .
4. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. (2009a). Preventing falls and harm from falls in older people: Best practice guidelines for Australian community care. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Commonwealth Government .
5. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. (2009b). Preventing falls and harm from falls in older people: Best practice guidelines for Australian hospitals. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Commonwealth Government .
6. Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care. (2009c). Preventing falls and harm from falls in older people: Best practice guidelines for Australian residential aged care facilities. Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Commonwealth Government ; 2009.
7. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2007). Older Australia at a Glance. (Cat. No. AGE 52). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
8. Australian Institute of Health and Welfare. (2009). Towards National Indicators of Safety and Quality in Health Care. (Cat. No. HSE 75). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
9. Begg, S., Vos, T., Barker, B., Stevenson, C., Stanley, L., & Lopez, A.D. (2007). The Burden of Disease and Injury in Australia 2003. (Cat. No. PHE 82). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
10. Bell, A.J., Talbot-Stern, J.K., & Hennessy, A. (2000). Characteristics and outcomes of older patients presenting to the emergency department after a fall: A retrospective analysis. The Medical Journal of Australia, 173 (4), 179-182 . (Pubitemid 30658953)
11. Bradley, C., & Harrison, J. (2007). (Cat. No. INJCAT 97). Fallrelated hospitalisations among older people: Sociocultural and regional aspects. Adelaide, South Australia : Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
12. Bradley, S.M., Karani, R., McGinn, T., & Wisnivesky, J. (2010). Predictors of serious injury among hospitalized patients evaluated for falls. Journal of Hospital Medicine, 5 (2), 63-68 .
13. Bradley, C., & Pointer, S. (2009). (Cat. No. INJCAT 122). Hospitalisations due to falls by older people, Australia 2005-06. Adelaide, South Australia : Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
14. Brennan, J., Johansen, A., Butler, J., Stone, M., Richmond, P., Jones, S., et al. (2003). Place of residence and risk of fracture in older people: A population-based study of over 65-year-olds in Cardiff. Osteoporosis International, 14 (6), 515-519 . (Pubitemid 36919213)
15. Bulajic-Kopjar, M. (2000). Seasonal variations in incidence of fractures among elderly people. Injury Prevention, 6 (1), 16-19 .
16. Butler, M., Kerse, N., & Todd, M. (2004). Circumstances and consequences of falls in residential care: The New Zealand story. The New Zealand Medical Journal, 117 (1202), U1076 .
17. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2006). Fatalities and injuries from falls among older adults-United States, 1993-2003 and 2001-2005. MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, 55 (45), 1221-1224 .
18. Cesari, M., Landi, F., Torre, S., Onder, G., Lattanzio, F., & Bernabei, R. (2002). Prevalence and risk factors for falls in an older community-dwelling population. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 57 (11), M722-M726 . (Pubitemid 35340552)
19. Chan, B.K., Marshall, L.M., Winters, K.M., Faulkner, K.A., Schwartz, A.V., & Orwoll, E.S. (2007). Incident fall risk and physical activity and physical performance among older men: The Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study. American Journal of Epidemiology, 165 (6), 696-703 . (Pubitemid 46348372)
20. Chan, K.M., Pang, W.S., Ee, C.H., Ding, Y.Y., & Choo, P. (1997). Epidemiology of falls among the elderly community dwellers in Singapore. Singapore Medical Journal ,38 (10), 427-431 . (Pubitemid 127513532)
21. Chen, J.S., Sambrook, P.N., Simpson, J.M., Cameron, I.D., Cumming, R.G., Seibel, M.J., et al. (2009). Risk factors for hip fracture among institutionalised older people. Age and Ageing, 38 (4), 429-434 .
22. Chu, L.W., Chi, I., & Chiu, A.Y. (2005). Incidence and predictors of falls in the Chinese elderly. Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore, 34 (1), 60-72 . (Pubitemid 40379974)
23. Corsinovi, L., Bo, M., Ricauda Aimonino, N., Marinello, R., Gariglio, F., Marchetto, C., et al. (2009). Predictors of falls and hospitalization outcomes in elderly patients admitted to an acute geriatric unit. Archives of Gerontology & Geriatrics, 49 (1), 142-145 .
24. Culhane, K.M., O'Connor, M., Lyons, D., & Lyons, G.M. 2005). Accelerometers in rehabilitation medicine for older adults. Age and Ageing, 34 (6), 556-560 . (Pubitemid 41699996)
25. Cummings, S.R., Nevitt, M.C., & Kidd, S. (1988). Forgetting falls. The limited accuracy of recall of falls in the elderly. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 36 (7), 613-616 .
26. Davies, A.J., & Kenny, R.A. (1996). Falls presenting to the accident and emergency department: Types of presentation and risk factor profile. Age and Ageing, 25 (5), 362-366 . (Pubitemid 26381766)
27. Davis, J.W., Ross, P.D., Nevitt, M.C., & Wasnich, R.D. (1997). Incidence rates of falls among Japanese men and women living in Hawaii. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 50 (5), 589-594 . (Pubitemid 27270208)
28. Ellis, A.A., & Trent, R.B. (2001). Hospitalized fall injuries and race in California. Injury Prevention, 7 (4), 316-320 .
29. Faulkner, K., Cauley, J., Zmuda, J., Griffin, J., & Nevitt, M. (2003). Is social integration associated with the risk of falling in older community-dwelling women? The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Socia Sciences, 58 (10), M954-M959 .
30. Fleming, J., Matthews, F.E., Brayne, C., Cc75c Study Collaboration CC. (2008). Falls in advanced old age: Recalled falls and prospective follow-up of over-90-year-olds in the Cambridge City over-75s Cohort study. BMC Geriatrics, 8 (1), 6 .
31. Fletcher, P.C., & Hirdes, J.P. (2002). Risk factors for falling among community-based seniors using home care services. The Journals of Gerontology. Series B, Psychological Sciences and Social Sciences, 57 (8), M504-M510 . (Pubitemid 35006094)
32. Formiga, F., Ferrer, A., Duaso, E., Olmedo, C., & Pujol, R. (2008). Falls in nonagenarians living in their own homes: The Nonasantfeliu study. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 12 (4), 273-276 . (Pubitemid 352025876)
33. Ganz, D.A., Higashi, T., & Rubenstein, L.Z. (2005). Monitoring falls in cohort studies of community-dwelling older people: Effect of the recall interval. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53 (12), 2190-2194 . (Pubitemid 43001204)
34. Gribbin, J., Hubbard, R., Smith, C., Gladman, J., & Lewis, S. (2009). Incidence and mortality of falls amongst older people in primary care in the United Kingdom. QJM, 102 (7), 477-483 .
35. Haines, T.P., Cornwell, P., Fleming, J., Varghese, P., & Gray, L. (2008). Documentation of in-hospital falls on incident reports: Qualitative investigation of an imperfect process. BMC Health Services Research, 8, 254 .
36. Haines, T.P., Massey, B., Varghese, P., Fleming, J., & Gray, L. (2009). Inconsistency in classification and reporting of in-hospital falls. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 57 (3), 517-523 .
37. Hartholt, K.A., van der Velde, N., Looman, C.W., van Lieshout, E.M., Panneman, M.J., van Beeck, E.F., et al. (2010). Trends in fall-related hospital admissions in older persons in the Netherlands. Archives of Internal Medicine, 170 (10), 905-911 .
38. Hauer, K., Lamb, S.E., Jorstad, E.C., Todd, C., & Becker, C. (2006). Systematic review of definitions and methods of measuring falls in randomised controlled fall prevention trials. Age and Ageing, 35 (1), 5-10 . (Pubitemid 43124914)
39. Healey, F., Scobie, S., Oliver, D., Pryce, A., Thomson, R., & Glampson, B. (2008). Falls in English and Welsh hospitals: A national observational study based on retrospective analysis of 12 months of patient safety incident reports. Quality and Safety in Health Care, 17 (6), 424-430 .
40. Heinrich, S., Rapp, K., Rissmann, U., Becker, C., & Konig, H.H. (2009). Cost of falls in old age: A systematic review. Osteoporosis International, 21 (6), 891-902 .
41. Helps, Y.L., & Harrison, J.E. (2006). Hospitalised Injury of Australia's Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander People 2000-02. (Cat. No. INJCAT 94). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
42. Hendrie, D., Hall, S.E., Legge, M., & Arena, G. (2003). Injury in Western Australia: The health system costs of falls in older adults in Western Australia. Perth, Western Australia: Injury Research Centre, The University of Western Australia .
43. Henley, G., & Harrison, J. (2009). Injury Deaths, Australia 2004-05. (Cat. No. INJCAT 127). Adelaide, South Australia : Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
44. Hill, K., Schwarz, J., Flicker, L., & Carroll, S. (1999). Falls among healthy, community-dwelling, older women: A prospective study of frequency, circumstances, consequences and prediction accuracy. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health, 23 (1), 41-48 . (Pubitemid 29240226)
45. Hughes, K., van Beurden, E., Eakin, E.G., Barnett, L.M., Patterson, E., Backhouse, J. et al. (2008). Older persons' perception of risk of falling: Implications for fall-prevention campaigns. American Journal of Public Health, 98 (2), 351-357 . (Pubitemid 351317572)
46. Iinattiniemi, S., Jokelainen, J., & Luukinen, H. (2009). Falls risk among a very old home-dwelling population. Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care, 27 (1), 25-30 .
47. Ingarfield, S.L., Finn, J.C., Jacobs, I.G., Gibson, N.P., Holman, C.D., Jelinek, G.A., et al. (2009). Use of emergency departments by older people from residential care: A population based study. Age and Ageing, 38 (3), 314-318 .
48. Kannus, P., Khan, K.M., & Lord, S.R. (2006). Preventing falls among elderly people in the hospital environment. The Medical Journal of Australia, 184 (8), 372-373 .
49. Kannus, P., Niemi, S., Parkkari, J., Palvanen, M., Vuori, I., & Jarvinen, M. (2006). Nationwide decline in incidence of hip fracture. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research, 21 (12), 1836-1838 . (Pubitemid 44851558)
50. Karmel, R., Lloyd, J., & Anderson, P. (2008). Movement from Hospital to Residential Aged care. (Data Linkage Series No. 6. Cat. No. CSI 6). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
51. Kinsella, K., & He, W. (2009). An Aging World: 2008. (International Population Reports P95/09-1). Washington, DC : US Census Bureau .
52. Kojima, S., Furuna, T., Ikeda, N., Nakamura, M., & Sawada, Y. (2008). Falls among community-dwelling elderly people of Hokkaido, Japan. Geriatrics & Gerontology International, 8 (4), 272-277 .
53. Krauss, M.J., Nguyen, S.L., Dunagan, W.C., Birge, S., Costantinou, E., Johnson, S., et al. (2007). Circumstances of patient falls and injuries in 9 hospitals in a Midwestern healthcare system. Infection Control and Hospital Epidemiology, 28 (5), 544-550 . (Pubitemid 46814543)
54. Lach, H.W. (2005). Incidence and risk factors for developing fear of falling in older adults. Public Health Nursing, 22 (1), 45-52 . (Pubitemid 40238773)
55. Lach, H.W., Reed, A.T., Arfken, C.L., Miller, J.P., Paige, G.D., Birge, S.J., et al. (1991). Falls in the elderley: Reliability of a classification system. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 39 (2), 197-202 .
56. Lamb, S.E., Jorstad-Stein, E.C., Hauer, K., & Becker, C. (2005). Development of a common outcome data set for fall injury prevention trials: The Prevention of Falls Network Europe consensus. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 53 (9), 1618-1622 . (Pubitemid 41602457)
57. Leslie, W.D., O'Donnell, S., Jean, S., Lagace, C., Walsh, P., Bancej, C., et al. (2009). Trends in hip fracture rates in Canada. JAMA, 302 (8), 883-889 .
58. Li, W., Keegan, T.H., Sternfeld, B., Sidney, S., Quesenberry, C.P., Jr., & Kelsey, J.L. (2006). Outdoor falls among middle-aged and older adults: A neglected public health problem. American Journal of Public Health, 96 (7), 1192-1200 . (Pubitemid 43967844)
59. Lord, S.R., Sherrington, C., Menz, H.B., & Close, J.C.T. (2007). Falls in older people: Risk factors and strategies for prevention (2nd ed.). Cambridge, MA : Cambridge University Press .
60. Mackenzie, L., Byles, J., & D' Este, C. (2006). Validation of self-reported fall events in intervention studies. Clin Rehabil, 20 (4), 331-339 . (Pubitemid 43744652)
61. Masud, T., & Morris, R.O. (2001). Epidemiology of falls. Age and Ageing, 30 (Suppl. 4), 3-7 . (Pubitemid 33100783)
62. McInnes, E., & Askie, L. (2004). Evidence review on older people's views and experiences of falls prevention strategies. Worldviews on Evidence-Based Nursing, 1 (1), 20-37 .
63. Morris, M., Osborne, D., Hill, K., Kendig, H., Lundgren- Lindquist, B., Browning, C., et al. (2004). Predisposing factors for occasional and multiple falls in older Australians who live at home. The Australian Journal of Physiotherapy, 50 (3), 153-159 . (Pubitemid 39302954)
64. National Ageing Research Institute. (2004). An Analysis of Research on Preventing Falls and Falls Injury in Older People: Community, residential care and hospital settings. (Report to the Department of Health and Ageing, Injury Prevention Section). Canberra, Australian Capital Territory: Commonwealth of Australia .
65. National Collaborating Centre for Nursing and Supportive Care. (2004). Clinical Practice Guideline for the Assessment and Prevention of Falls in Older People. London : London Royal College of Nursing. Retrieved May 25, 2009, from http://www.guideline.gov/summary/summary.aspx?view-id=1&doc-id=6118
66. Noury, N., Fleury, A., Rumeau, P., Bourke, A.K., Laighin, G.O., Rialle, V., et al. (2007, August). Fall detection-principles and methods. Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference of the IEEE EMBS, 2007, 1663-1666 .
67. Oliver, D., & Healy, F. (2009). Falls risk prediction tools for hospital inpatients: Do they work? Nursing Times, 105 (7) 18 - 21.
68. Oliver, D., Killick, S., Even, T., & Willmott, M. (2008). Do falls and falls-injuries in hospital indicate negligent care - and how big is the risk? A retrospective analysis of the NHS Litigation Authority Database of clinical negligence claims, resulting from falls in hospitals in England 1995 to 2006. Quality & Safety in Health Care, 17 (6), 431-436 .
69. Peel, N.M. (2000). Validating recall of falls by older people. Accident; Analysis and Prevention, 32 (3), 371-372 .
70. Peel, N.M., Bartlett, H.P., & McClure, R.J. (2007). Healthy aging as an intervention to minimize injury from falls among older people. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 1114 (1), 162-169 (Pubitemid 350070393)
71. Peel, N.M., Bell, R.A.R., & Smith, K. (2008). Queensland Stay On Your Feet® Good Practice Community Guidelines: Preventing Falls, Harm from Falls and Promoting Healthy Active Ageing in Older Queenslanders. Brisbane, Queensland : Queensland Health. Retrieved May 24, 2009, from http://www.health.qld.gov.au/stayonyourfeet/resources.asp
72. Peel, N.M., Kassulke, D.J., & McClure, R.J. (2002). Population based study of hospitalised fall related injuries in older people. Injury Prevention, 8 (4), 280-283 .
73. Peel, N.M., McClure, R.J., & Hendrikz, J.K. (2007). Psychosocial factors associated with fall-related hip fractures. Age and Ageing, 36 (2), 145-151 . (Pubitemid 46455392)
74. Pointer, S., Harrison, J., & Bradley, C. (2003). National Injury Prevention Plan Priorities for 2004and Beyond. Discussion Paper (Cat. No. INJCAT 55). Adelaide, South Australia : Australian Institute of Health and Welfare .
75. Public Health Agency Canada. (2005). Report on seniors' falls in Canada. Ottawa, Ontario, Canada : Division of Aging and Seniors .
76. Reyes-Ortiz, C.A., Al Snih, S., & Markides, K.S. (2005). Falls among elderly persons in Latin America and the Caribbean and among elderly Mexican-Americans. Revista panamericana de salud pública, 17 (5-6), 362-369 . (Pubitemid 40934914)
77. Rubenstein, L.Z. (2006). Falls in older people: Epidemiology, risk factors and strategies for prevention. Age and Ageing, 35 (Suppl. 2), ii37 - ii41 . (Pubitemid 44687508)
78. Salkeld, G., Cameron, I.D., Cumming, R.G., Easter, S., Seymour, J., Kurrle, S.E. et al. (2000). Quality of life related to fear of falling and hip fracture in older women: A time trade off study. BMJ, 320 (7231), 341-346 .
79. Salva, A., Bolibar, I., Pera, G., & Arias, C. (2004). Incidence and consequences of falls among elderly people living in the community. Medicina Clínica, 122 (5), 172-176 . (Pubitemid 38374478)
80. Scott, V., Pearce, M., & Pengelly, C. (2005). Hospitalizations due to Falls Among Canadians Age 65 and Over. Report on Seniors' Falls in Canada (Technical report prepared for the Public Health Agency of Canada) Victoria, British Columbia, Canada : Minister of Public Works and Government Services Canada .
81. Scuffham, P., Chaplin, S., & Legood, R. (2003). Incidence and costs of unintentional falls in older people in the United Kingdom. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, 57 (9), 740-744 . (Pubitemid 37059646)
82. Shumway-Cook, A., Ciol, M.A., Hoffman, J., Dudgeon, B.J. ,Yorkston, K., & Chan, L. (2009). Falls in the Medicare population: Incidence, associated factors, and impact on health care. Physical Therapy, 89 (4), 324-332 .
83. Speechley, M., Belfry, S., Borrie, M.J., Bray Jenkyn, K., Crilly, R., Gill, D.P., et al. (2005). Risk factors for falling among community-dwelling veterans and their caregivers. Canadian Journal on Aging, 24 (3), 261-274 . (Pubitemid 43001317)
84. Stevens, J.A., Corso, P.S., Finkelstein, E.A., & Miller, T.R. (2006). The costs of fatal and non-fatal falls among older adults. Injury Prevention, 12 (5), 290-295 . (Pubitemid 44621760)
85. Stevens, J.A., Mack, K.A., Paulozzi, L.J., & Ballesteros, M.F. (2008). Self-reported falls and fall-related injuries among persons aged>or = 65 years-United States, 2006. Journal of Safety Research, 39 (3), 345-349 .
86. Stevens, J.A., & Sogolow, E.D. (2005). Gender differences for non-fatal unintentional fall related injuries among older adults. Injury Prevention, 11 (2), 115-119 . (Pubitemid 40576591)
87. Stolee, P., Poss, J., Cook, R.J., Byrne, K., & Hirdes, J.P. (2009). Risk factors for hip fracture in older home care clients. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 64 (3), 403-410 .
88. Sugarman, J.R., Connell, F.A., Hansen, A., Helgerson, S.D., Jessup, M.C., & Lee, H. (2002). Hip fracture incidence in nursing home residents and community-dwelling older people, Washington State, 1993-1995. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 50 (10), 1638-1643 . (Pubitemid 35192534)
89. Thapa, P.B., Brockman, K.G., Gideon, P., Fought, R.L., & Ray, W.A. (1996). Injurious falls in nonambulatory nursing home residents: A comparative study of circumstances, incidence, and risk factors. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 44 (3), 273-278 . (Pubitemid 26081093)
90. Todd, C., & Skelton, D.A. (2004). What are the Main Risk Factors for Falls among Older People and What are the Most Effective Interventions to Prevent Falls? (Health Evidence Network Report). Copenhagen, Denmark : WHO Regional Office for Europe .
91. Tromp, A.M., Pluijm, S.M., Smit, J.H., Deeg, D.J., Bouter, L.M., & Lips, P. (2001). Fall-risk screening test: A prospective study on predictors for falls in community-dwelling elderly. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 54 (8), 837-844. (Pubitemid 32722189)
92. Vaapio, S.S., Salminen, M.J., Ojanlatva, A., & Kivela, S.L. (2009). Quality of life as an outcome of fall prevention interventions among the aged: A systematic review. European Journal of Public Health, 19 (1), 7-15 .
93. von Renteln-Kruse, W., & Krause, T. (2007). Incidence of in hospital falls in geriatric patients before and after the introduction of an interdisciplinary team-based fall-prevention intervention. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society .
94. Wijlhuizen, G.J., Hopman-Rock, M., Knook, D.L., & van der Cammen, T.J. (2006). Automatic registration of falls and other accidents among community dwelling older people: Feasibility and reliability of the telephone inquiry system. International Journal of Injury Control and Safety Promotion, 13 (1), 58-60 .
95. World Health Organization. (2007). WHO Global Report on Falls Prevention in Older Age. Geneva, Switzerland : World Health Organization. Retrieved May 24, 2009, from http://www.who.int/ageing/publications/Falls-prevention7March.pdf
96. Yoshida, S. (2007). A Global Report on Falls Prevention: Epidemiology of Falls. Geneva, Switzerland : World Health Organization. Retrieved January 13, 2010, from http://www.who.int/ageing/projects/1. Epidemiology%20of%20falls%20in%20older%20age.pdf
97. Zecevic, A.A., Salmoni, A.W., Speechley, M., & Vandervoort, A.A. (2006). Defining a fall and reasons for falling: Comparisons among the views of seniors, health care providers, and the research literature. The Gerontologist, 46 (3), 367-376 . (Pubitemid 43806971)