An epidemic of encephalitis associated with human enterovirus B in Uttar Pradesh, India, 2008

Journal of Clinical Virology

Volumn 51, Issue 2, 2011, Pages 142-145

  Kumar, Arvind ^a,b   Shukla, Deepti ^a   Kumar, Rashmi ^b   Idris, Mohammad Z ^b   Misra, Usha K ^a   Dhole, Tapan N ^a  

^a SANJAY GANDHI POSTGRADUATE INSTITUTE OF MEDICAL SCIENCES   (India)

^b KING GEORGE'S MEDICAL UNIVERSITY   (India)

Author keywords

Cerebrospinal fluid; Coxsackievirus B5; Echovirus 19; Encephalitis; Enterovirus; VP1 gene

Indexed keywords

VIRUS RNA;

ARTICLE; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; COXSACKIE VIRUS; ECHO VIRUS; ENCEPHALITIS; ENTEROVIRUS; EPIDEMIC; HUMAN; NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE; PHYLOGENY; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEROTYPE;

ADOLESCENT; ANTIBODIES, NEUTRALIZING; ANTIBODIES, VIRAL; CEREBROSPINAL FLUID; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; CLUSTER ANALYSIS; DISEASE OUTBREAKS; ENCEPHALITIS, VIRAL; ENTEROVIRUS B, HUMAN; ENTEROVIRUS INFECTIONS; HUMANS; INDIA; MOLECULAR SEQUENCE DATA; NEUTRALIZATION TESTS; PHYLOGENY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; RNA, VIRAL; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA; SEQUENCE HOMOLOGY;

EID: 79956330905     PISSN: 13866532     EISSN: 18735967     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.02.011     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Pallansch M.A., Roos R.P. Enteroviruses: polioviruses, coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and newer enteroviruses. Fields virology 2001, 723-775. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia, PA. 4th ed. D.M. Knipe, P.M. Howley (Eds.).
2. Cherry J.D. Enteroviruses: coxsackieviruses, echoviruses and polioviruses. Textbook of pediatric infectious diseases 1998, 1787-1839. Saunders, Philadelphia/London. R.D. Feigin, J.D. Cherry (Eds.).
3. Grist N.R., Bell E.J., Assaad F. Enteroviruses in human disease. Prog Med Virol 1978, 24:114-157.
4. Kaplan M.H., Klein S.W., McPhee J., Harper R.G. Group B coxsackievirus infections in infants younger than three months of age: a serious childhood illness. Rev Infect Dis 1983, 5:1019-1032.
5. Katz S.L., Gershon A.A., Hotez P.J. Krugman's infectious diseases of children. Enteroviruses 1998, 81-97. Mosby-Year Book, St Louis. 10th ed. L. DeYoung (Ed.).
6. Granerod J., Ambrose H.E., Davies N.W., Clewley J.P., Walsh A.L., Morgan D., et al. Causes of encephalitis and differences in their clinical presentations in England: a multicentre, population-based prospective study. Lancet Infect Dis 2010, 10:835-844.
7. Fowlkes A.L., Honarmand S., Glaser C., Yagi S., Schnurr D., Oberste M.S., et al. Enterovirus-associated encephalitis in the California encephalitis project, 1998-2005. J Infect Dis 2008, 198:1685-1691.
8. Dalwai A., Ahmad S., Pacsa A., Al-Nakib W. Echovirus type 9 is an important cause of viral encephalitis among infants and young children in Kuwait. J Clin Virol 2009, 44:48-51.
9. Trallero G., Casas I., Tenorio A., Echevarria J.E., Castellanos A., Lozano A., et al. Enteroviruses in Spain: virological and epidemiological studies over 10years (1988-97). Epidemiol Infect 2000, 124:497-506.
10. Khetsuriani N., Lamonte-Fowlkes A., Oberst S., Pallansch M.A. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Enterovirus surveillance-United States, 1970-2005. MMWR Surveill Summ 2006, 55:1-20.
11. Tavakoli N.P., Wang H., Nattanmai S., Dupuis M., Fusco H., Hull R. Detection and typing of enteroviruses from CSF specimens from patients diagnosed with meningitis/encephalitis. J Clin Virol 2008, 43:207-211.
12. Cabrerizo M., Echevarria J.E., Gonzalez I., de Miguel T., Trallero G. Molecular epidemiological study of HEV-B enteroviruses involved in the increase in meningitis cases occurred in Spain during 2006. J Med Virol 2008, 80:1018-1024.
13. Badam L., Thakare J.P. Detection of Coxsackievirus B4 antibodies in cases of suspected encephalopathy by microneutralization test. J Commun Dis 2001, 33:78-82.
14. Sathish N., Scott J.X., Shaji R.V., Sridharan G., Theophilus V.S., Antony R., et al. An outbreak of echovirus meningitis in children. Indian Pediatr 2004, 41:384-388.
15. Karmarkar S.A., Aneja S., Khare S., Saini A., Seth A., Chauhan B.K. A study of acute febrile encephalopathy with special reference to viral etiology. Indian J Pediatr 2008, 75:801-805.
16. Sapkal G.N., Bondre V.P., Fulmali P.V., Patil P., Gopalkrishna V., Dadhania V., et al. Enteroviruses in patients with acute encephalitis, Uttar Pradesh, India. Emerg Infect Dis 2009, 15:295-298.
17. Polio laboratory manual, 2004 2004, Department of Vaccines and Biologicals, World Health Organization, Geneva. 4th ed.
18. Nix W.A., Oberste M.S., Pallansch M.A. Sensitive, semi nested PCR amplification of VP1 sequences for direct identification of all enterovirus serotypes from original clinical specimens. J Clin Microbiol 2006, 44:2698-2704.
19. Caro V., Guillot S., Delpeyroux F., Crainic R. Molecular strategy for 'serotyping' of human enteroviruses. J Gen Virol 2001, 82:79-91.
20. Tamura K., Dudley J., Nei M., Kumar S. MEGA4: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis (MEGA) software version 4. Mol Biol Evol 2007, 24:1596-1599.
21. Strikas R.A., Anderson L.J., Parker R.A. Temporal and geographic patterns of isolates of nonpolio enterovirus in the United States, 1970-1983. J Infect Dis 1986, 153:346-351.
22. Ilias A., Galanakis E., Raissaki M., Kalmanti M. Childhood encephalitis in Crete, Greece. J Child Neurol 2006, 21:910-912.
23. Ishikawa T., Asano Y., Morishima T., Nagashima M., Sobue G., Watanabe K., et al. Epidemiology of acute childhood encephalitis. Aichi Prefecture, Japan, 1984-90. Brain Dev 1993, 15:192-197.
24. Lin T.Y., Twu S.J., Ho M.S., Chang L.Y., Lee C.Y. Enterovirus 71 outbreaks, Taiwan: occurrence and recognition. Emerg Infect Dis 2003, 9:291-293.
25. Economic profile of Uttar Pradesh 2010, [accessed 15.01.11]. http://www.economywatch.com/stateprofiles/uttarpradesh/profile.htm.
26. Grassly N.C., Fraser C., Wenger J., Deshpande J.M., Sutter R.W., Heymann D.L., et al. New strategies for the elimination of polio from India. Science 2006, 314:1150-1153.
27. Roth B., Enders M., Arents A., Pfitzner A., Terletskaia-Ladwig E. Epidemiologic aspects and laboratory features of enterovirus infections in Western Germany, 2000-2005. J Med Virol 2007, 79:956-962.
28. Yang X.H., Yan Y.S., He A.H., Chen Q.J., Zhang Y.H. Molecular identification and genetic analysis of an echovirus 19-associated epidemic of aseptic encephalitis. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi 2006, 27:375-378.
29. Shahmahmoodi S., Mehrabi Z., Eshraghian M.R., Azad T.M., Tabatabaie H., Yousefi M., et al. First detection of enterovirus 71 from an acute flaccid paralysis case with residual paralysis in Iran. J Clin Virol 2008, 42:409-411.
30. Lewthwaite P., Perera D., Ooi M.H., Last A., Kumar R., Desai A., et al. Enterovirus 75 encephalitis in children, southern India. Emerg Infect Dis 2010, 16:1780-1782.
31. Lukashev A.N. Role of recombination in evolution of enteroviruses. Rev Med Virol 2005, 15:157-167.