Support for human rights-based development: Reflections on the Malawian experience

International Journal of Human Rights

Volumn 14, Issue 1, 2010, Pages 34-50

  Bani, Dan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

Civil society; Human rights based approach to development (HRBA); Judiciary; Legislature; Malawi; Policy implementation; Poverty reduction

Indexed keywords

EID: 79956238038     PISSN: 13642987     EISSN: 1744053X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/13642980902933670     Document Type: Review

References (76)

1. U. Jonsson, A Human Rights-Based Approach to Programming (HRBAP), 2004, 15-16, http://www.unssc.org/web1/programmes/rcs/cca_undaf_training_material/teamrcs/file.asp?ID1/4479 (accessed February 13, 2009).
2. Ibid.
3. J.K. Hansen and H.O. Sano, The Implications and Value Added of a Rights-Based Approach, in Development as a Human Right: Legal, Political, and Economic Dimensions, eds B.A. Andreassen and S.P. Marks (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006), 36-56.
4. P. Uvin, Human Rights and Development (Bloomfield, CT: Kumarian Press, 2004).
5. D. Banik, A.L. St. Clair and D. McNeill, Ethics, Rights and Poverty: Global Theory and National Practice (project proposal, Research Council of Norway, 2006).
6. A. Eide, Human Rights-Based Development in the Age of Economic Globalization: Background and Prospects, in Development as a Human Right: Legal, Political, and Economic
7. Dimensions, B.A. Andreassen M and S.P. Marks (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2006), 253.
8. M. Robinson, Advancing Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights: The Way Forward, Human Rights Quarterly, 26 (2004): 868.
9. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), Inclusive Democracy Secures Rights, in Human Development Report (Washington, DC: United Nations, 2000), 56-72.
10. Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), Frequently Asked Questions on a Human Rights-Based Approach to Development Cooperation (Geneva: United Nations, OHCHR, 2006), 15.
11. Ibid., 9.
12. Ibid, http://www.ohchr.org/english/about/publications/docs/FAQ_en.pdf
13. Uvin, Human Rights and Development, 129.
14. Ibid.
15. Jonsson, A Human Rights-Based Approach to Programming (HRBAP), 4.
16. Ibid.
17. Uvin, Human Rights and Development.
18. A. Sengupta, Human Rights and Extreme Poverty (Report of the independent expert on the question of human rights and extreme poverty, Economic and Social Council, E/CN.4/2005/49, 2005), para. 23.
19. Eide, Human Rights-Based Development in the Age of Economic Globalization, 250.
20. Ibid.
21. M. Darrow and A. Tomas, Power, Capture, and Conflict: A Call for Human Rights Accountability in Development Cooperation, Human Rights Quarterly 27 (2005): 485-486.
22. Ibid., 486.
23. Jonsson, A Human Rights-Based Approach to Programming (HRBAP), 4.
24. Ibid.
25. Ibid.
26. For a detailed overview of these principles
27. OHCHR, Human Rights and Poverty Reduction: A Conceptual Framework (Geneva: OHCHR, 2004), http://www.ohchr.org/english/issues/poverty/docs/povertyE.pdf (accessed 13 February 2009);
28. Darrow and Tomas, Power, Capture, and Conflict; and OHCHR, Frequently Asked Questions on a Human Rights-Based Approach.
29. Darrow and Tomas, Power, Capture, and Conflict, 501.
30. Ibid.
31. C. Nyamu-Musembi and A. Cornwall, What Is the "Rights-Based Approach" All About? Perspectives from international development agencies (Working Paper 234, Sussex: Institute for Development Studies, 2004), http://www.ids.ac.uk/ids/bookshop/wp/wp234.pdf(accessed February 10, 2009).
32. Ibid.
33. OHCHR, Frequently Asked Questions on a Human Rights-Based Approach, 35, Annex. 2
34. Jonsson, A Human Rights-Based Approach to Programming (HRBAP), 7-8.
35. Eide M, Human Rights-Based Development in the Age of Economic Globalization;
36. Hansen and Sano, The Implications and Value Added of a Rights-Based Approach. 33.
37. Hansen and Sano, The Implications and Value Added of a Rights-Based Approach, 44.
38. Uvin, Human Rights and Development.
39. P. Uvin, From the Right to Development to the Rights-Based Approach: How "Human Rights" entered Development, Development in Practice 17, nos 4-5 (2007): 603.
40. P. Alston, Ships Passing in the Night: The Current State of the Human Rights and Development Debate Seen Through the Lens of the Millennium Development Goals, Human Rights Quarterly, no. 27 (2005): 799.
41. Ibid., 802.
42. Ibid., 803.
43. Email correspondence in a UNDP-facilitated internet debate on the linkage between human rights and the Millennium Development Goals, May 5, 2006.
44. Alston, Ships Passing in the Night, 803.
45. Indian Member of Parliament
46. S. Japial Nyamu-Musembi and Cornwall, What Is the "Rights-Based Approach" All About?, 6.
47. This section is based on two visits to Malawi in the period September-October 2006 and February-March 2007. All interviews are anonymous.
48. A. Sen, Freedom and Needs: An Argument for the Primacy of Political Rights, The New Republic 210, nos 2-3 (1994): 31-8;
49. A. Sen, Development as Freedom (New York: Anchor Books, 2000).
50. H. Englund, Prisoners of Freedom: Human Rights and the African Poor (Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006), 6.
51. Ibid.
52. Ibid., 10
53. L.M. Ulv, Hva ga demokratiet? En casestudie av malawiske kvinners syn pa forholdet mellom fattigdom og demokrati [What did democracy bring? A case study of the views of Malawian women on poverty and democracy] (Masters thesis, Department of Political Science, University of Oslo, 2003).
54. U. Ribohn "Human Rights and the Multiparty System Have Swallowed Our Traditions": Conceiving Women and Culture in the New Malawi, in A Democracy of Chameleons: Politics and Culture in the New Malawi, ed. H. Englund (Stockholm: The Nordic Africa Institute, 2002), 166.
55. Ibid., 167.
56. Ibid., 176.
57. Ibid., 177.
58. MPRS, Malawi Poverty Reduction Strategy (Lilongwe: MPRS, 2002), http://web.worldbank. org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/AFRICAEXT/MALAWIEXTN/0,menuPK accessed February 10, 2009);
59. MGDS, Malawi Growth and Development Strategy (Lilongwe:MDGS, 2006) http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/scr/2007/cr0755.pdf (accessed February 10, 2009).
60. MPRS, Malawi Poverty Reduction Strategy, 85
61. Ibid.
62. Ibid.
63. MGDS, Malawi Growth and Development Strategy, 67.
64. Ibid., 68-104.
65. Ibid., 103.
66. C. Booth et al., Drivers of Change and Development in Malawi (Working paper 261, Overseas Development Institute, London, 2006), ix.
67. Ibid.
68. B. Chisinga, The Politics of Poverty Alleviation in Malawi: A Critical Review, in A Democracy of Chameleons: Politics and Culture in the New Malawi, ed. H. Englund (Stockholm: The Nordic Africa Institute, 2002), 42.
69. W. Chirwa, N. Patel and F. Kanyongolo, Democracy Report for Malawi, (Stockholm, IDEA, 2003), 99, http://www.idea.int/publications/sod/63. Constitution of the Republic of Malawi, http://www.sdnp.org.mw/constitut/dtlindx.html(accessed February 13, 2009).
70. Ibid.
71. T.T. Hansen, Implementation of International Human Rights Standards through the National Courts in Malawi, Journal of African Law 46 no. 1 (2002): 40.
72. Booth et al., Drivers of Change and Development in Malawi, 15.
73. Englund, Prisoners of Freedom, 8.
74. L.H. Piron, Human Rights and Poverty Reduction: The Role of Human Rights in Promoting Donor Accountability, Rights in Action Series (London: Overseas Development Institute, 2005), http://www.odi.org.uk/rights/Publications/LHP_DonorAccountability.pdf (accessed 14 February 2009).
75. Englund, Prisoners of Freedom, 11.
76. A. Sen Elements of a Theory of Human Rights, Philosophy and Public Affairs 32, no. 4 (2004): 356.