A Literature Review of Depression, Anxiety, and Cardiovascular Disease in Women

JOGNN - Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and Neonatal Nursing

Volumn 40, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 348-361

  Doering, Lynn V ^a   Eastwood, Jo Ann ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

Author keywords

Anxiety; Cardiovascular disease; Depression; Women

Indexed keywords

EID: 79956018363     PISSN: 08842175     EISSN: 15526909     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1552-6909.2011.01236.x     Document Type: Article

References (91)

1. Ali, S., Garg, S. K., Cohen, B. E., Bhave, P., Harris, W. S., & Whooley, M. A. (2009). Association between omega-3 fatty acids and depressive symptoms among patients with established coronary artery disease: Data from the Heart and Soul Study. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 78 (2), 125-127. doi:DOI: 10.1159/000203118.
2. American Heart Association. (2010). Women and cardiovascular disease statistics-2010. Author. Retrieved from.
3. Bairey Merz, C. N., Kelsey, S. F., Pepine, C. J., Reichek, N., Reis, S. E., Rogers, W. J., Sopko, G. (1999). The Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study: Protocol design, methodology and feasibility report. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 33 (6), 1453-1461. doi:DOI: 10.1016/s0735-1097(99)00082-0.
4. Barth, J., Schumacher, M., & Herrmann-Lingen, C. (2004). Depression as a risk factor for mortality in patients with coronary heart disease: A meta-analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66 (6), 802-813. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000146332.53619.b2.
5. Barth, J., Volz, A., Schmid, J.-P., Kohls, S., von Kanel, R., Znoj, H., & Saner, H. (2009). Gender differences in cardiac rehabilitation outcomes: Do women benefit equally in psychological health? Journal of Women's Health, 18 (12), 2033-2039. doi:DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2008.1058.
6. Beery, T. A., Bas, L. S., & Henthorn, C. (2007). Self-reported adjustment to implanted cardiac devices. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 22 (6), 516-524. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.JCN.0000297390.11324.46.
7. Berlanga, C., & Flores-Ramos, M. (2006). Different gender response to serotonergic and noradrenergic antidepressants. A comparative study of the efficacy of citalopram and reboxetine. Journal of Affective Disorders, 95 (1-3), 119-123. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2006.04.029.
8. Bigger, J. T., & Glassman, A. H. (2010). The American Heart Association science advisory on depression and coronary heart disease: An exploration of the issues raised. Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 77 (Suppl. 3), S12-S19. doi:DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.77.s3.03.
9. Bush, D. E., Ziegelstein, R. C., Tayback, M., Richter, D., Stevens, S., Zahalsky, H., & Fauerbach, J. A. (2001). Even minimal symptoms of depression increase mortality risk after acute myocardial infarction. American Journal of Cardiology, 88 (4), 337-341. doi:DOI: 10.1016/S0002-9149(01)01675-7.
10. Carney, R. M., Freedland, K. E., Eisen, S. A., Rich, M. W., & Jaffe, A. S. (1995). Major depression and medication adherence in elderly patients with coronary artery disease. Health Psychology, 14 (1), 88-90.
11. Carney, R. M., Freedland, K. E., Rubin, E. H., Rich, M. W., Steinmeyer, B. C., & Harris, W. S. (2009). Omega-3 augmentation of sertraline in treatment of depression in patients with coronary heart disease: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 302 (15), 1651-1657. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.2009.1487.
12. Carney, R. M., Freedland, K. E., Steinmeyer, B., Blumenthal, J. A., de Jonge, P., Davidson, K. W., Jaffe, A. S. (2009). History of depression and survival after acute myocardial infarction. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71 (3), 253-259. doi:DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31819b69e3.
13. Cohen, H., & Benjamin, J. (2006). Power spectrum analysis and cardiovascular morbidity in anxiety disorders. Autonomic Neuroscience, 128 (1-2), 1-8. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2005.06.007.
14. Davidson, K. W., Burg, M. M., Kronish, I. M., Shimbo, D., Dettenborn, L., Mehran, R., Rieckmann, N. (2010). Association of anhedonia with recurrent major adverse cardiac events and mortality 1 year after acute coronary syndrome. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67 (5), 480-488. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.36.
15. Davidson, K. W., Mostofsky, E., & Whang, W. (2010). Don't worry, be happy: Positive affect and reduced 10-year incident coronary heart disease: The Canadian Nova Scotia Health Survey. European Heart Journal, 31 (9), 1065-1070. doi:DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehp603.
16. de Jonge, P., Mangano, D., & Whooley, M. A. (2007). Differential association of cognitive and somatic depressive symptoms with heart rate variability in patients with stable coronary heart disease: Findings from the Heart and Soul Study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 69 (8), 735-739. doi:DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31815743ca.
17. Dickens, C., McGowan, L., Percival, C., Tomenson, B., Cotter, L., Heagerty, A., & Creed, F. (2008). New onset depression following myocardial infarction predicts cardiac mortality. Psychosomatic Medicine, 70 (4), 450-455. doi:DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e31816a74de.
18. Doering, L. V., Cross, R., Vredevoe, D., Martinez-Maza, O., & Cowan, M. J. (2007). Infection, depression, and immunity in women after coronary artery bypass: A pilot study of cognitive behavioral therapy. Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine, 13 (3), 18-21.
19. Doering, L. V., Moser, D. K., Riegel, B., McKinley, S., Davidson, P., Baker, H., Dracup, K. (2009). Persistent comorbid symptoms of depression and anxiety predict mortality in heart disease. International Journal of Cardiology. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.05.025.
20. Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Investigators. (2001). Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease (ENRICHD) study intervention: Rationale and design. Psychosomatic Medicine, 63 (5), 747-755.
21. Faller, H., Störk, S., Schowalter, M., Steinbüchel, T., Wollner, V., Ertl, G., & Angermann, C. E. (2007). Depression and survival in chronic heart failure: Does gender play a role? European Journal of Heart Failure, 9 (10), 1018-1023. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ejheart.2007.06.011.
22. Frasure-Smith, N., Koszycki, D., Swenson, J. R., Baker, B., van Zyl, L. T., Laliberte, M.-A., Lesperance, F. (2006). Design and rationale for a randomized, controlled trial of interpersonal psychotherapy and citalopram for depression in coronary artery disease (CREATE). Psychosomatic Medicine, 68 (1), 87-93. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000195833.68482.27.
23. Frasure-Smith, N., & Lesperance, F. (2008). Depression and anxiety as predictors of 2-year cardiac events in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Archives of General Psychiatry, 65 (1), 62-71. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.4.
24. Frasure-Smith, N., Lesperance, F., Prince, R. H., Verrier, P., Garber, R. A., Juneau, M., Bourassa, M. G. (1997). Randomised trial of home-based psychosocial nursing intervention for patients recovering from myocardial infarction. Lancet, 350 (9076), 473-479. doi:DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(97)02142-9.
25. Gater, R., Tansella, M., Korten, A., Tiemens, B. G., Mavreas, V. G., & Olatawura, M. O. (1998). Sex differences in the prevalence and detection of depressive and anxiety disorders in general health care settings: Report from the World Health Organization collaborative study on psychological problems in general health care. Archives of General Psychiatry, 55 (5), 405-413.
26. Gehi, A. K., Ali, S., Na, B., & Whooley, M. A. (2007). Self-reported medication adherence and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease: The Heart and Soul Study. Archives of Internal Medicine, 167 (16), 1798-1803. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archinte.167.16.1798.
27. Glassman, A. H., Bigger, J. T., Gaffney, M., Shapiro, P. A., & Swenson, J. R. (2006). Onset of major depression associated with acute coronary syndromes: Relationship of onset, major depressive disorder history, and episode severity to sertraline benefit. Archives of General Psychiatry, 63 (3), 283-288. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archpsyc.63.3.283.
28. Glassman, A. H., O'Connor, C. M., Califf, R. M., Swedberg, K., Schwartz, P., Bigger, J. T. Jr., ... for the Sertraline Antidepressant Heart Attack Randomized Trial Group (2002). Sertraline treatment of major depression in patients with acute MI or unstable angina. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288 (6), 701-709. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.288.6.701.
29. Goodwin, R. D., Davidson, K. W., & Keyes, K. (2009). Mental disorders and cardiovascular disease among adults in the United States. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 43 (3), 239-246. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2008.05.006.
30. Gulati, M., Cooper-DeHoff, R. M., McClure, C., Johnson, B. D., Shaw, L. J., Handberg, E. M., Merz, C. N. B. (2009). Adverse cardiovascular outcomes in women with nonobstructive coronary artery disease: A report from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation Study and the St James Women Take Heart Project. Archives of Internal Medicine, 169 (9), 843-850. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archinternmed.2009.50.
31. Heo, S., Moser, D. K., & Widener, J. (2007). Gender differences in the effects of physical and emotional symptoms on health-related quality of life in patients with heart failure. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 6 (2), 146-152. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2006.06.008.
32. Hunt-Shanks, T., Blanchard, C., & Reid, R. D. (2009). Gender differences in cardiac patients: A longitudinal investigation of exercise, autonomic anxiety, negative affect and depression. Psychology, Health and Medicine, 14 (3), 375-385. doi:DOI: 10.1080/13548500902866939.
33. Izawa, K. P., Oka, K., Watanabe, S., Yokoyam, H., Hiraki, K., Morio, Y., Omiya, K. (2008). Gender-related differences in clinical characteristics and physiological and psychosocial outcomes of Japanese patients at entry into phase II cardiac rehabilitation. Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine, 40 (3), 225-230. doi:DOI: 10.2340/16501977-0156.
34. Kazemi-Saleh, D., Pishgoo, B., Farrokhi, F., Fotros, A., & Assari, S. (2008). Sexual function and psychological status among males and females with ischemic heart disease. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 5 (10), 2330-2337. doi:DOI: 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2008.00788.x.
35. Kessler, R. C. (2003). Epidemiology of women and depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 74 (1), 5-13.
36. Khan, A., Brodhead, M. E., Schwartz, E. A., Kolts, R. L., & Brown, W. A. (2005). Sex differences in antidepressant response in recent antidepressant clinical trials. Journal of Clinical Psychopharmacology, 25 (4), 318-324.
37. Khan, F., Kulaksizoglu, B., & Cilingiroglu, M. (2010). Depression and coronary heart disease. Current Atherosclerosis Reports, 12 (2), 105-109. doi:DOI: 10.1007/s11883-010-0096-5.
38. Kornstein, S. G., Schatzberg, A. F., Thase, M. E., Yonkers, K. A., McCullough, J. P., Keitner, G. I., & Keller, M. B. (2000). Gender differences in treatment response to sertraline versus imipramine in chronic depression. American Journal of Psychiatry, 157 (9), 1445-1452. doi:DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.9.1445.
39. Krantz, D. S., Olson, M. B., Francis, J. L., Phankao, C., Bairey Merz, C. N., Sopko, G., Matthews, K. A. (2006). Anger, hostility, and cardiac symptoms in women with suspected coronary artery disease: The Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Journal of Women's Health, 15 (10), 1214-1223. doi:DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2006.15.1214.
40. Krantz, D. S., Whittaker, K. S., Francis, J. L., Rutledge, T., Johnson, B. D., Barrow, G., Merz, C. N. B. (2009). Psychotropic medication use and risk of adverse cardiovascular events in women with suspected coronary artery disease: Outcomes from the Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Heart, 95 (23), 1901-1906. doi:DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.176040.
41. Lesperance, F., Frasure-Smith, N., Koszycki, D., Laliberte, M.-A., van Zyl, L. T., Baker, B., ... for the CREATE Investigators. (2007). Effects of citalopram and interpersonal psychotherapy on depression in patients with coronary artery disease: The Canadian Cardiac Randomized Evaluation of Antidepressant and Psychotherapy Efficacy (CREATE) trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 297 (4), 367-379. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.297.4.367.
42. Lett, H. S., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M. A., Catellier, D. J., Carney, R. M., Berkman, L. F., Schneiderman, N. (2007). Social support and prognosis in patients at increased psychosocial risk recovering from myocardial infarction. Health Psychology, 26 (4), 418-427. doi:DOI: 10.1037/0278-6133.26.4.418.
43. Lett, H. S., Blumenthal, J. A., Babyak, M. A., Sherwood, A., Strauman, T., Robins, C., & Newman, M. F. (2004). Depression as a risk factor for coronary artery disease: Evidence, mechanisms, and treatment. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66 (3), 305-315. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000126207.43307.c0.
44. Lichtman, J. H., Bigger, J. T. Jr., Blumenthal, J. A., Frasure-Smith, N., Kaufmann, P. G., Lesperance, F., & Froelicher, E. S. (2009). AHA science advisory. Depression and coronary heart disease. Recommendations for screening, referral, and treatment. A science advisory from the American Heart Association Prevention Committee to the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing, Council on Clinical Cardiology, Council on Epidemiology and Prevention, and Interdisciplinary Council on Quality of Care Outcomes Research. Endorsed by the American Psychiatric Association. Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, 24 (1), 19-26. doi:DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-7117.2009.00028.x.
45. Lindquist, R., Dupuis, G., Terrin, M. L., Hoogwerf, B., Czajkowski, S., Herd, J. A., Knatterud, G. L. (2003). Comparison of health-related quality-of-life outcomes of men and women after coronary artery bypass surgery through 1 year: Findings from the Post CABG Biobehavioral Study. American Heart Journal, 146 (6), 1038-1044. doi:DOI: 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00451-4.
46. Linke, S. E., Rutledge, T., Johnson, B. D., Vaccarino, V., Bittner, V., Cornell, C. E., Bairey Merz, C. N. (2009). Depressive symptom dimensions and cardiovascular prognosis among women with suspected myocardial ischemia: A report from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66 (5), 499-507. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.27.
47. Lloyd-Jones, D., Adams, R. J., Brown, T. M., Carnethon, M., Dai, S., De Simone, G., ... Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. (2010). Heart disease and stroke statistics-2010 update: A report from the American Heart Association. Circulation, 121 (7), e46-e215. doi:DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.109.192667.
48. Løvlien, M., Schei, B., & Hole, T. (2008). Myocardial infarction: Psychosocial aspects, gender differences and impact on pre-hospital delay. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 63 (2), 148-154. doi:DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2008.04654.x.
49. Macabasco-O'Connell, A., Crawford, M. H., Stotts, N., Stewart, A., & Froelicher, E. S. (2010). Gender and racial differences in psychosocial factors of low-income patients with heart failure. Heart and Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 39 (1), 2-11. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.hrtlng.2009.05.001.
50. Maes, M. (in press). Depression is an inflammatory disease, but cell-mediated immune activation is the key component of depression. Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, e pub ahead of print. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2010.06.014.
51. Martens, E. J., de Jonge, P., Na, B., Cohen, B. E., Lett, H., & Whooley, M. A. (2010). Scared to death? Generalized anxiety disorder and cardiovascular events in patients with stable coronary heart disease: The Heart and Soul Study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 67 (7), 750-758. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.74.
52. McCaffery, J. M., Duan, Q. L., Frasure-Smith, N., Barhdadi, A., Lespérance, F., Théroux, P., Dubé, M. P. (2009). Genetic predictors of depressive symptoms in cardiac patients. American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics, 150B (3), 381-388. doi:DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30824.
53. McGrady, A. P., Lynch, D. J. P., Nagel, R. W. P., & Tamburrino, M. M. D. (2010). Coherence between physician diagnosis and patient self reports of anxiety and depression in primary care. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 198 (6), 420-424. doi:DOI: 10.1097/NMD.0b013e3181e084ce.
54. Michalsen, A., Grossman, P., Lehmann, N., Knoblauch, N. T. M., Paul, A., Moebus, S., Dobos, G. J. (2005). Psychological and quality-of-life outcomes from a comprehensive stress reduction and lifestyle program in patients with coronary artery disease: Results of a randomized trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 74 (6), 344-352. doi:DOI: 10.1159/000087781.
55. Milani, R. V., & Lavie, C. J. (2007). Impact of cardiac rehabilitation on depression and its associated mortality. American Journal of Medicine, 120 (9), 799-806. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2007.03.026.
56. Mittag, O., China, C., Hoberg, E., Juers, E., Kolenda, K. D., Richardt, G., Raspe, H. (2006). Outcomes of cardiac rehabilitation with versus without a follow-up intervention rendered by telephone (Luebeck follow-up trial): Overall and gender-specific effects. International Journal of Rehabilitation Research, 29 (4), 295-302. doi:DOI: 10.1097/MRR.0b013e328010ba9a.
57. Morishita, S., & Kinoshita, T. (2008). Predictors of response to sertraline in patients with major depression. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 23 (8), 647-651. doi:DOI: 10.1002/hup.969.
58. Mortensen, O. S., Bjorner, J. B., Newman, B., Oldenburg, B., Groenvold, M., Madsen, J. K., ... DANAMI-2 Study Group. (2007). Gender differences in health-related quality of life following ST-elevation myocardial infarction: Women and men do not benefit from primary percutaneous coronary intervention to the same degree. European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation, 14 (1), 37-43. doi:DOI: 10.1097/HJR.1090b1013e3280114f3280100.
59. Nakatani, D., Sato, H., Sakata, Y., Shiotani, I., Kinjo, K., Mizuno, H., Hori, M. (2005). Influence of serotonin transporter gene polymorphism on depressive symptoms and new cardiac events after acute myocardial infarction. American Heart Journal, 150 (4), 652-658. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2005.03.062.
60. Nilsson, U., Lindell, L., Eriksson, A., & Kellerth, T. (2009). The effect of music intervention in relation to gender during coronary angiographic procedures: A randomized clinical trial. European Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 8 (3), 200-206. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcnurse.2009.01.001.
61. Norris, C. M., Hegadoren, K. M., Patterson, L., & Pilote, L. (2008). Sex differences in prodromal symptoms of patients with acute coronary syndrome: A pilot study. Progress in Cardiovascular Nursing, 23 (1), 27-31.
62. Norris, C. M., Spertus, J. A., Jensen, L., Johnson, J., Hegadoren, K. M., & Ghali, W. A., for the APPROACH Investigators. (2008). Sex and gender discrepancies in health-related quality of life outcomes among patients with established coronary artery disease. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 1 (2), 123-130. doi:DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.108.793448.
63. Otte, C., Marmar, C. R., Pipkin, S. S., Moos, R., Browner, W. S., & Whooley, M. A. (2004). Depression and 24-hour urinary cortisol in medical outpatients with coronary heart disease: The Heart and Soul Study. Biological Psychiatry, 56 (4), 241-247. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2004.06.003.
64. Otte, C., Neylan, T. C., Pipkin, S. S., Browner, W. S., & Whooley, M. A. (2005). Depressive symptoms and 24-hour urinary norepinephrine excretion levels in patients with coronary disease: Findings from the Heart and Soul Study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162 (11), 2139-2145. doi:DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.11.2139.
65. Parashar, S., Rumsfeld, J. S., Reid, K. J., Buchanan, D., Dawood, N., Khizer, S., ... for the PREMIER Registry Investigators. (2009). Impact of depression on sex differences in outcome after myocardial infarction. Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes, 2 (1), 33-40. doi:DOI: 10.1161/circoutcomes.108.818500.
66. Perez, G. H., Nicolau, J. C., Romano, B. W., & Laranjeira, R. (2007). Smoking-associated factors in myocardial infarction and unstable angina: Do gender differences exist? Addictive Behaviors, 32 (6), 1295-1301. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2006.08.004.
67. Pizzi, C., Mancini, S., Angeloni, L., Fontana, F., Manzoli, L., & Costa, G. M. (2009). Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor therapy on endothelial function and inflammatory markers in patients with coronary heart disease. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 86 (5), 527-532. doi:DOI: 10.1038/clpt.2009.121.
68. Pozuelo, L., Tesar, G., Zhang, J., Penn, M., Franco, K., & Jiang, W. (2009). Depression and heart disease: What do we know, and where are we headed? Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine, 76 (1), 59-70. doi:DOI: 10.3949/ccjm.75a.08011.
69. Ruo, B., Rumsfeld, J. S., Pipkin, S., & Whooley, M. A. (2004). Relation between depressive symptoms and treadmill exercise capacity in the Heart and Soul Study. American Journal of Cardiology, 94 (1), 96-99. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2004.03.035.
70. Rutledge, T., Linke, S. E., Krantz, D. S., Johnson, B. D., Bittner, V., Eastwood, J. A., & Merz, C. N. (2009). Comorbid depression and anxiety symptoms as predictors of cardiovascular events: Results from the NHLBI-sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE) study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 71 (9), 958-964. doi:DOI: 10.1097/PSY.0b013e3181bd6062.
71. Rutledge, T., Vaccarino, V., Johnson, B. D., Bittner, V., Olson, M. B., Linke, S. E., Shaw, L. J. (2009). Depression and cardiovascular health care costs among women with suspected myocardial ischemia: Prospective results from the WISE (Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation) Study. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 53 (2), 176-183. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2008.09.032.
72. Saab, P. G., Bang, H., Williams, R. B., Powell, L. H., Schneiderman, N., Thoresen, C., Keefe, F. (2009). The impact of cognitive behavioral group training on event-free survival in patients with myocardial infarction: The ENRICHD experience. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 67 (1), 45-56. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2009.01.015.
73. Schneiderman, N., Saab, P. G., Catellier, D. J., Powell, L. H., DeBusk, R. F., Williams, R. B., Kaufmann, P. G. (2004). Psychosocial treatment within sex by ethnicity subgroups in the Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Clinical Trial. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66 (4), 475-483. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000133217.96180.e8.
74. Seedat, S., Scott, K. M., Angermeyer, M. C., Berglund, P., Bromet, E. J., Brugha, T. S., Kessler, R. C. (2009). Cross-national associations between gender and mental disorders in the World Health Organization world mental health surveys. Archives of General Psychiatry, 66 (7), 785-795. doi:DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2009.36.
75. Sher, Y., Lolak, S., & Maldonado, J. (2010). The impact of depression in heart disease. Current Psychiatry Reports, 12 (3), 255-264. doi:DOI: 10.1007/s11920-010-0116-8.
76. Sowden, G., Mastromauro, C. A., Januzzi, J. L., Fricchione, G. L., & Huffman, J. C. (2010). Detection of depression in cardiac inpatients: Feasibility and results of systematic screening. American Heart Journal, 159 (5), 780-787. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.ahj.2010.02.029.
77. Sowell, L. V., Sears, S. F. J., Walker, R. L., Kuhl, E. A., & Conti, J. B. (2007). Anxiety and marital adjustment in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators and their spouses. Journal of Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation and Prevention, 27 (1), 46-49.
78. Summers, K. M., Martin, K. E., & Watson, K. (2010). Impact and clinical management of depression in patients with coronary artery disease. Pharmacotherapy, 30 (3), 304-322. doi:DOI: 10.1592/phco.30.3.304.
79. Thase, M. E., Entsuah, R., Cantillon, M., & Kornstein, S. G. (2005). Relative antidepressant efficacy of venlafaxine and SSRIs: Sex-age interactions. Journal of Women's Health, 14 (7), 609-616. doi:DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2005.14.609.
80. Thombs, B. D., de Jonge, P., Coyne, J. C., Whooley, M. A., Frasure-Smith, N., Mitchell, A. J., Ziegelstein, R. C. (2008). Depression screening and patient outcomes in cardiovascular care: A systematic review. Journal of the American Medical Association, 300 (18), 2161-2171. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.2008.667.
81. van Melle, J. P., de Jonge, P., Honig, A., Schene, A. H., Kuyper, A. M. G., Crijns, H. J. G. M., Ormel, J. (2007). Effects of antidepressant treatment following myocardial infarction. British Journal of Psychiatry, 190 (6), 460-466. doi:DOI: 10.1192/bjp.bp.106.028647.
82. van Melle, J. P., de Jonge, P., Spijkerman, T. A., Tijssen, J. G. P., Ormel, J., van Veldhuisen, D. J., & van den Berg, M. P. (2004). Prognostic association of depression following myocardial infarction with mortality and cardiovascular events: A meta-analysis. Psychosomatic Medicine, 66 (6), 814-822. doi:DOI: 10.1097/01.psy.0000146294.82810.9c.
83. van Zyl, L., Lespérance, F., Frasure-Smith, N., Malinin, A., Atar, D., Laliberté, M.-A., & Serebruany, V. (2009). Platelet and endothelial activity in comorbid major depression and coronary artery disease patients treated with citalopram: The Canadian Cardiac Randomized Evaluation of Antidepressant and Psychotherapy Efficacy Trial (CREATE) biomarker sub-study. Journal of Thrombosis and Thrombolysis, 27 (1), 48-56. doi:DOI: 10.1007/s11239-007-0189-3.
84. Vermeiden, M., van den Broek, W., Mulder, P., & Birkenhager, T. (2010). Influence of gender and menopausal status on antidepressant treatment response in depressed inpatients. Journal of Psychopharmacology, 24 (4), 497-502. doi:DOI: 10.1177/0269881109105137.
85. Von Ruden, A. E., Adson, D. E., & Kotlyar, M. (2008). Effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 13 (1), 32-40. doi:DOI: 10.1177/1074248407308467.
86. Vural, M., Stairoglu, O., Akbas, B., Goksel, I., & Karabay, O. (2009). Coronary artery disease in association with depression and anxiety among patients undergoing angiography to investigate chest pain. Texas Heart Institute Journal, 36 (1), 17-23.
87. Whooley, M. A. (2009). To screen or not to screen?: Depression in patients with cardiovascular disease. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 54 (10), 891-893. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.05.034.
88. Whooley, M. A., de Jonge, P., Vittinghoff, E., Otte, C., Moos, R., Carney, R. M., Browner, W. S. (2008). Depressive symptoms, health behaviors, and risk of cardiovascular events in patients with coronary heart disease. Journal of the American Medical Association, 300 (20), 2379-2388. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.2008.711.
89. Williams, L., Jacka, F., Pasco, J., Henry, M., Dodd, S., Nicholson, G., Berk, M. (2010). The prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in Australian women. Australasian Psychiatry, 18 (3), 250-255. doi:DOI: 10.3109/10398561003731155.
90. Writing Committee for the ENRICHD Investigators. (2003). Effects of treating depression and low perceived social support on clinical events after myocardial infarction: The Enhancing Recovery in Coronary Heart Disease Patients (ENRICHD) randomized trial. Journal of the American Medical Association, 289 (23), 3106-3116. doi:DOI: 10.1001/jama.289.23.3106.
91. Ziegelstein, R. C., Thombs, B. D., Coyne, J. C., & de Jonge, P. (2009). Routine screening for depression in patients with coronary heart disease: Never mind. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 54 (10), 886-890. doi:DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2009.01.082.