Phosphoric acid doped membranes based on Nafion®, PBI and their blends - Membrane preparation, characterization and steam electrolysis testing

International Journal of Hydrogen Energy

Volumn 36, Issue 12, 2011, Pages 6985-6993

  Aili, David ^a   Hansen, Martin Kalmar ^a   Pan, Chao ^a   Li, Qingfeng ^a   Christensen, Erik ^a   Jensen, Jens Oluf ^a   Bjerrum, Niels J ^a  

^a TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY OF DENMARK   (Denmark)

Author keywords

Nafion ; Phosphoric acid; Polybenzimidazole; Proton exchange membranes; Steam electrolysis

Indexed keywords

AMBIENT PRESSURES; BLEND MEMBRANES; COMPOSITION RANGES; HIGH TEMPERATURE PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; KEY MATERIALS; MECHANICAL STRENGTH; MEMBRANE DEGRADATION; MEMBRANE PREPARATION; OXIDATIVE STABILITY; PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; POLARIZATION CURVES; POLYBENZIMIDAZOLE; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; STEAM ELECTROLYSIS; WATER UPTAKE;

BLENDING; CHEMICAL STABILITY; DOPING (ADDITIVES); MECHANICAL PROPERTIES; MEMBRANES; ORGANIC POLYMERS; PHOSPHORIC ACID; PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE FUEL CELLS (PEMFC); PROTONS; STEAM; DURABILITY; ELECTROLYSIS;

ELECTROLYSIS; MEMBRANES;

EID: 79955917041     PISSN: 03603199     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.03.058     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. ® perfluorinated membranes in fuel cells J Fluorine Chem 125 2004 1211 1216
2. P. Millet, F. Andolfatto, and R. Durand Design and performance of a solid polymer electrolyte water electrolyzer Int J Hydrogen Energy 21 1996 87 93 (Pubitemid 126339846)
3. C. Heitner-Wirguin Recent advances in perfluorinated ionomer membranes: structure, properties and applications J Memb Sci 120 1996 1 33
4. K.A. Mauritz, and R.B. Moore State of understanding of Nafion Chem Rev 104 2004 4535 4585
5. C.A. Linkous, H.R. Anderson, R.W. Kopitzke, and G.L. Nelson Development of new proton exchange membrane electrolytes for water electrolysis at higher temperatures Int J Hydrogen Energy 23 1998 525 529 (Pubitemid 128389594)
6. Q. Li, R. He, J.O. Jensen, and N.J. Bjerrum Approaches and recent development of polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells operating above 100 °C Chem Mater 15 2003 4896 4915
7. A. Hauch, S.D. Ebbesen, S.H. Jensen, and M. Mogensen Highly efficient high temperature electrolysis J Mater Chem 18 2008 2331 2340
8. P. Millet, D. Dragoe, S. Grigoriev, V. Fateev, and C. Etievant GenHyPEM: a research program on PEM water electrolysis supported by the European commission Int J Hydrogen Energy 34 2009 4974 4982
9. V. Antonucci, A. Di Blasi, V. Baglio, R. Ornelas, F. Matteucci, and J. Ledesma-Garcia High temperature operation of a composite membrane-based solid polymer electrolyte water electrolyser Electrochim Acta 53 2008 7350 7356
10. S.A. Grigoriev, P. Millet, S.V. Korobtsev, V.I. Porembskiy, M. Pepic, and C. Etievant Hydrogen safety aspects related to high-pressure polymer electrolyte membrane water electrolysis Int J Hydrogen Energy 34 2009 5986 5991
11. ®-silica electrolyte for high temperature operation Solid State Ionics 125 1999 431 437 (Pubitemid 30501730)
12. M. Watanabe, H. Uchida, Y. Seki, M. Emori, and P. Stonehart Self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells J Electrochem Soc 143 1996 3847 3852 (Pubitemid 126607874)
13. G. Alberti, and M. Casciola Composite membranes for medium-temperature PEM fuel cells Annu Rev Mater Res 33 2003 129 154
14. ® 115/zirconium phosphate composite membranes for operation of PEMFCs above 100 °C Electrochim Acta 47 2002 1023 1033 (Pubitemid 34040889)
15. G. Alberti, M. Casciola, M. Pica, T. Tarpanelli, and M. Sganappa New preparation methods for composite membranes for medium temperature fuel cells based on precursor solutions of insoluble inorganic compounds Fuel Cells 5 2005 366 374 (Pubitemid 41251651)
16. M. Doyle, S.K. Choi, and G. Proulx High-temperature proton conducting membranes based on perfluorinated ionomer membrane-ionic liquid composites J Electrochem Soc 147 2000 34 37 (Pubitemid 30551883)
17. R. Savinell, E. Yeager, D. Tryk, U. Landau, J. Wainright, and D. Weng A polymer electrolyte for operation at temperatures up to 200 °C J Electrochem Soc 141 1994 L46 48
18. Q. Li, H.A. Hjuler, and N.J. Bjerrum Oxygen reduction on carbon supported platinum catalysts in high temperature polymer electrolytes Electrochim Acta 45 2000 4219 4226 (Pubitemid 32092665)
19. J.S. Wainright, J.T. Wang, D. Weng, R.F. Savinell, and M. Litt Acid-doped polybenzimidazoles - a new polymer electrolyte J Electrochem Soc 142 1995 L121 123
20. Q. Li, J.O. Jensen, R.F. Savinell, and N.J. Bjerrum High temperature proton exchange membranes based on polybenzimidazoles for fuel cells Prog Polym Sci 34 2009 449 477
21. R. He, Q. Li, J.O. Jensen, and N.J. Bjerrum Doping phosphoric acid in polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells J Polym Sci Part A Polym Chem 45 2007 2989 2997 (Pubitemid 47169794)
22. Y.L. Ma, J.S. Wainright, M.H. Litt, and R.F. Savinell Conductivity of PBI membranes for high-temperature polymer electrolyte fuel cells J Electrochem Soc 151 2004 A8 16
23. Q. Li, H.C. Rudbeck, A. Chromik, J.O. Jensen, C. Pan, and T. Steenberg Properties, degradation and high temperature fuel cell test of different types of PBI and PBI blend membranes J Memb Sci 347 2010 260 270
24. R. He, Q. Li, G. Xiao, and N.J. Bjerrum Proton conductivity of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole and its composites with inorganic proton conductors J Memb Sci 226 2003 169 184 (Pubitemid 37420077)
25. Q. Li, C. Pan, J.O. Jensen, P. Noyé, and N.J. Bjerrum Cross-linked polybenzimidazole membranes for fuel cells Chem Mater 19 2007 350 352
26. P. Noyé, Q. Li, C. Pan, and N.J. Bjerrum Cross-linked polybenzimidazole membranes for high temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells with dichloromethyl phosphinic acid as a cross-linker Polym Adv Technol 19 2008 1270 1275
27. J. Kerres, A. Ullrich, F. Meier, and T. Häring Synthesis and characterization of novel acid-base polymer blends for application in membrane fuel cells Solid State Ionics 125 1999 243 249 (Pubitemid 30501706)
28. V. Deimede, G.A. Voyiatzis, J.K. Kallitsis, Q. Li, and N.J. Bjerrum Miscibility behavior of polybenzimidazole/sulfonated polysulfone blends for use in fuel cell applications Macromolecules 33 2000 7609 7617
29. C. Hasiotis, Q. Li, V. Deimede, J.K. Kallitsis, C.G. Kontoyannis, and N.J. Bjerrum Development and characterization of acid-doped polybenzimidazole/ sulfonated polysulfone blend polymer electrolytes for fuel cells J Electrochem Soc 148 2001 A513 519
30. 4. Part I. Synthesis and characterisation of polymers and binary blend membranes Fuel Cells 8 2008 175 187
31. 4. Part II. Characterisation and fuel cell tests of the ternary membranes Fuel Cells 8 2008 188 199
32. L.J. Hobson, Y. Nakano, H. Ozu, and S. Hayase Targeting improved DMFC performance J Power Sources 104 2002 79 84
33. ®-polybenzimidazole (PBI) composite membranes for DMFC applications Solid State Ionics 178 2007 581 585 (Pubitemid 46671456)
34. R. Wycisk, J. Chisholm, J. Lee, J. Lin, and P.N. Pintauro Direct methanol fuel cell membranes from Nafion-polybenzimidazole blends J Power Sources 163 2006 9 17 (Pubitemid 46484534)
35. 4/Nafion-PBI composite membrane for enhanced durability of high temperature PEM fuel cells J Power Sources 169 2007 259 264 (Pubitemid 46755511)
36. 2 electrocatalytic powders Mater Chem Phys 94 2005 226 232 (Pubitemid 41491743)
37. Y.S. Yang, A. Siu, T.J. Peckham, and S. Holdcroft Structural and morphological features of acid-bearing polymers for PEM fuel cells G.G. Scherer, Adv polym sci 2008 Springer Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 55 126
38. Q. Li, R. He, R.W. Berg, H.A. Hjuler, and N.J. Bjerrum Water uptake and acid doping of polybenzimidazoles as electrolyte membranes for fuel cells Solid State Ionics 168 2004 177 185
39. X.Y. Lu, and R.A. Weiss Specific interactions and ionic aggregation in miscible blends of nylon-6 and zinc sulfonated polystyrene ionomer Macromolecules 25 1992 6185 6189 (Pubitemid 23601288)
40. ® membrane J Memb Sci 233 2004 39 44
41. Section 9: molecular structure and spectroscopy. Infrared correlation charts D.R. Lide CRC handbook of chemistry and physics 90th ed. 2010 CRC Press/Taylor and Francis Boca Raton, FL Internet version
42. Q. Li, H.A. Hjuler, and N.J. Bjerrum Phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membranes: physiochemical characterization and fuel cell applications J Appl Electrochem 31 2001 773 779 (Pubitemid 32694137)
43. R. He, Q. Li, A. Bach, J.O. Jensen, and N.J. Bjerrum Physicochemical properties of phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole membranes for fuel cells J Memb Sci 277 2006 38 45
44. E. Endoh Highly durable PFSA membranes W. Vielstich, H. Yokokawa, H.A. Gasteiger, Handbook of fuel cells - fundamentals, technology and applications 2009 Wiley Chichester 361 374
45. - J Am Chem Soc 118 1996 5290 5295 (Pubitemid 26202328)
46. ®-P 1000 MEAs in start/stop operation mode J Power Sources 176 2008 428 434