Thermal leptogenesis and the gravitino problem in the Asaka-Yanagida axion/axino dark matter scenario

Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics

Volumn 2011, Issue 4, 2011, Pages

  Baer, Howard ^a   Kraml, Sabine ^b   Lessa, Andre ^a   Sekmen, Sezen ^c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

^b CENTRE DE CALCUL DE L INSTITUT NATIONAL DE PHYSIQUE NUCLEAIRE ET DE PHYSIQUE DES PARTICULES   (France)

^c Florida State University   (United States)

Author keywords

axions; dark matter theory; leptogenesis; supersymmetry and cosmology

Indexed keywords

EID: 79955582299     PISSN: 14757516     EISSN: 14757516     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1088/1475-7516/2011/04/039     Document Type: Article

References (118)

1. For some reviews, see e.g. V. Barger, D. Marfatia and K. Whisnant, 2003 Progress in the physics of massive neutrinos, Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 12 569 [hep-ph/0308123]
2. L. Camilleri, E. Lisi and J.F. Wilkerson, 2008 Neutrino Masses and Mixings: Status and Prospects, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 58 343
3. Particle Data Group collaboration, C. Amsler et al., 2008 Review of particle physics, Phys. Lett. B 667 1
4. M. Gell-Mann, P. Ramond and R. Slansky, 1979 Complex spinors and unified theories, in Supergravity, Proceedings of the Workshop, Stony Brook, North-Holland, Amsterdam
5. T. Yanagida, Horizontal symmetry and masses of neutrinos, KEK Report No. 79-18, 1979
6. R.N. Mohapatra and G. Senjanović, 1980 Neutrino mass and spontaneous parity nonconservation, Phys. Rev. Lett. 44 912
7. M. Fukugita and T. Yanagida, 1986 Baryogenesis Without Grand Unification, Phys. Lett. B 174 45
8. M.A. Luty, 1992 Baryogenesis via leptogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 45 455
9. W. Buchmüller and M. Plümacher, 1996 Baryon asymmetry and neutrino mixing, Phys. Lett. B 389 73 [hep-ph/9608308]
10. W. Buchmüller and M. Plümacher, 2000 Neutrino masses and the baryon asymmetry, Int. J. Mod. Phys. A 15 5047 [hep-ph/0007176]
11. R. Barbieri, P. Creminelli, A. Strumia and N. Tetradis, 2000 Baryogenesis through leptogenesis, Nucl. Phys. B 575 61 [hep-ph/9911315]
12. G.F. Giudice, A. Notari, M. Raidal, A. Riotto and A. Strumia, 2004 Towards a complete theory of thermal leptogenesis in the SM and MSSM, Nucl. Phys. B 685 89 [hep-ph/0310123]
13. for a recent review, see W. Buchmüller, R.D. Peccei and T. Yanagida, 2005 Leptogenesis as the origin of matter, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 55 311 [hep-ph/0502169]
14. V.A. Kuzmin, V.A. Rubakov and M.E. Shaposhnikov, 1985 On the Anomalous Electroweak Baryon Number Nonconservation in the Early Universe, Phys. Lett. B 155 36
15. F.R. Klinkhamer and N.S. Manton, 1984 A Saddle Point Solution in the Weinberg-Salam Theory, Phys. Rev. D 30 2212
16. W. Buchmüller, P. Di Bari and M. Plümacher, 2002 Cosmic microwave background, matter-antimatter asymmetry and neutrino masses, Nucl. Phys. B 643 367 [hep-ph/0205349]
17. W. Buchmüller, P. Di Bari and M. Plümacher, 2005 Leptogenesis for pedestrians, Ann. Phys. 315 305 [hep-ph/0401240]
18. W. Buchmüller, P. Di Bari and M. Plümacher, 2004 Some aspects of thermal leptogenesis, New J. Phys. 6 105
19. H. Baer and X. Tata, 2006 Weak Scale Supersymmetry: From Superfields to Scattering Events, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge U.K.
20. S. Weinberg, 1982 Cosmological Constraints on the Scale of Supersymmetry Breaking, Phys. Rev. Lett. 48 1303
21. M.Y. Khlopov and A.D. Linde, 1984 Is It Easy to Save the Gravitino?, Phys. Lett. B 138 265
22. G. Lazarides and Q. Shafi, 1991 Origin of matter in the inflationary cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 258 305
23. K. Kumekawa, T. Moroi and T. Yanagida, 1994 Flat potential for inflaton with a discrete R invariance in supergravity, Prog. Theor. Phys. 92 437 [hep-ph/9405337]
24. T. Asaka, K. Hamaguchi, M. Kawasaki and T. Yanagida, 1999 Leptogenesis in inflaton decay, Phys. Lett. B 464 12 [hep-ph/9906366]
25. W. Buchmüller, L. Covi, K. Hamaguchi, A. Ibarra and T. Yanagida, 2007 Gravitino dark matter in R-parity breaking vacua J. High Energy Phys. JHEP03(2007)037 [hep-ph/0702184]
26. L. Covi, J. Hasenkamp, S. Pokorski and J. Roberts, 2009 Gravitino Dark Matter and general neutralino NLSP J. High Energy Phys. JHEP11(2009)003 [0908.3399]
27. H. Baer, S. Kraml, A. Lessa and S. Sekmen, 2010 Reconciling thermal leptogenesis with the gravitino problem in SUSY models with mixed axion/axino dark matter J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP11(2010)040 [1009.2959]
28. R.D. Peccei and H.R. Quinn, 1977 CP Conservation in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 38 1440
29. R.D. Peccei and H.R. Quinn, 1977 Constraints Imposed by CP Conservation in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. D 16 1791
30. S. Weinberg, 1978 A New Light Boson?, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40 223
31. F. Wilczek, 1978 Problem of Strong p and t Invariance in the Presence of Instantons, Phys. Rev. Lett. 40 279
32. J.E. Kim, 1979 Weak Interaction Singlet and Strong CP Invariance, Phys. Rev. Lett. 43 103
33. M.A. Shifman, A.I. Vainshtein and V.I. Zakharov, 1980 Can Confinement Ensure Natural CP Invariance of Strong Interactions?, Nucl. Phys. B 166 493
34. M. Dine, W. Fischler and M. Srednicki, 1981 A Simple Solution to the Strong CP Problem with a Harmless Axion, Phys. Lett. B 104 199
35. A.P. Zhitnitskii, 1980 On possible suppression of the axion hadron interactions Sov. J. Part. Nucl. 31 260
36. H.P. Nilles and S. Raby, 1982 Supersymmetry and the strong CP problem, Nucl. Phys. B 198 102
37. J.E. Kim, 1984 A common scale for the invisible axion, local susy GUTs and saxino decay, Phys. Lett. B 136 378
38. J.E. Kim and H.P. Nilles, 1984 The μ Problem and the Strong CP Problem, Phys. Lett. B 138 150
39. For recent reviews of axino dark matter, see F.D. Steffen, 2009 Dark Matter Candidates - Axions, Neutralinos, Gravitinos and Axinos, Eur. Phys. J. C 59 557 [0811.3347]
40. L. Covi and J.E. Kim, 2009 Axinos as dark matter particles, New J. Phys. 11 105003
41. A.G. Cohen, D.B. Kaplan and A.E. Nelson, 1996 The more minimal supersymmetric standard model, Phys. Lett. B 388 588 [hep-ph/9607394]
42. H. Baer, S. Kraml, A. Lessa, S. Sekmen and X. Tata, 2010 Effective Supersymmetry at the LHC J. High Energy Phys. JHEP10(2010)018 [1007.3897]
43. K. Choi, A. Falkowski, H.P. Nilles, M. Olechowski and S. Pokorski, 2004 Stability of flux compactifications and the pattern of supersymmetry breaking J. High Energy Phys. JHEP11(2004)076 [hep-th/0411066]
44. K. Choi, A. Falkowski, H.P. Nilles and M. Olechowski, 2005 Soft supersymmetry breaking in KKLT flux compactification, Nucl. Phys. B 718 113 [hep-th/0503216]
45. K. Choi and K.S. Jeong, 2007 String theoretic QCD axion with stabilized saxion and the pattern of supersymmetry breaking J. High Energy Phys. JHEP01(2007)103 [hep-th/0611279]
46. A. Falkowski, O. Lebedev and Y. Mambrini, 2005 SUSY Phenomenology of KKLT Flux Compactifications J. High Energy Phys. JHEP11(2005)034 [hep-ph/0507110]
47. H. Baer, E.-K. Park, X. Tata and T.T. Wang, 2006 Collider and dark matter searches in models with mixed modulus-anomaly mediated SUSY breaking J. High Energy Phys. JHEP08(2006)041 [hep-ph/0604253]
48. H. Baer, E.-K. Park, X. Tata and T.T. Wang, 2006 Measuring Modular Weights in Mirage Unification Models at the LHC and ILC, Phys. Lett. B 641 447 [hep-ph/0607085]
49. H. Baer, E.-K. Park, X. Tata and T.T. Wang, 2007 Collider and Dark Matter Phenomenology of Models with Mirage Unification J. High Energy Phys. JHEP06(2007)033 [hep-ph/0703024]
50. T. Asaka and T. Yanagida, 2000 Solving the gravitino problem by axino, Phys. Lett. B 494 297 [hep-ph/0006211]
51. WMAP collaboration, E. Komatsu et al., 2011 Seven-Year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) Observations: Cosmological Interpretation, Astrophys. J. Suppl. 192 18 [1001.4538]
52. For a recent review, see R. Arnowitt and P. Nath, Developments in Supergravity Unified Models, [0912.2273]
53. K. Rajagopal, M.S. Turner and F. Wilczek, 1991 Cosmological implications of axinos, Nucl. Phys. B 358 447
54. J.E. Kim, A. Masiero and D.V. Nanopoulos, 1984 Unstable photino mass bound from cosmology, Phys. Lett. B 139 346
55. L. Covi, J.E. Kim and L. Roszkowski, 1999 Axinos as cold dark matter, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82 4180 [hep-ph/9905212]
56. L. Covi, H.-B. Kim, J.E. Kim and L. Roszkowski, 2001 Axinos as dark matter J. High Energy Phys. JHEP05(2001)033 [hep-ph/0101009]
57. A. Brandenburg and F.D. Steffen, 2004 Axino dark matter from thermal production J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP08(2004)008 [hep-ph/0405158]
58. A. Strumia, 2010 Thermal production of axino Dark Matter J. High Energy Phys. JHEP06(2010)036 [1003.5847]
59. H. Baer, C. Balzs and A. Belyaev, 2002 Neutralino relic density in minimal supergravity with co-annihilations J. High Energy Phys. JHEP03(2002)042 [hep-ph/0202076]
60. H. Baer et al., 2002 Updated constraints on the minimal supergravity model J. High Energy Phys. JHEP07(2002)050 [hep-ph/0205325]
61. - reactions, [hep-ph/0312045], http://www.nhn.ou.edu/∼isajet/
62. M. Bolz, A. Brandenburg and W. Buchmüller, 2001 Thermal Production of Gravitinos, Nucl. Phys. B 606 518 [hep-ph/0012052]
63. J. Pradler and F.D. Steffen, 2007 Thermal Gravitino Production and Collider Tests of Leptogenesis, Phys. Rev. D 75 023509 [hep-ph/0608344]
64. V.S. Rychkov and A. Strumia, 2007 Thermal production of gravitinos, Phys. Rev. D 75 075011 [hep-ph/0701104]
65. L.F. Abbott and P. Sikivie, 1983 A cosmological bound on the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 133
66. J. Preskill, M.B. Wise and F. Wilczek, 1983 Cosmology of the invisible axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 127
67. M. Dine and W. Fischler, 1983 The not-so-harmless axion, Phys. Lett. B 120 137
68. M.S. Turner, 1986 Cosmic and Local Mass Density of Invisible Axions, Phys. Rev. D 33 889
69. L. Visinelli and P. Gondolo, 2009 Dark Matter Axions Revisited, Phys. Rev. D 80 035024 [0903.4377]
70. H. Baer, A.D. Box and H. Summy, 2009 Mainly axion cold dark matter in the minimal supergravity model J. High Energy Phys. JHEP08(2009)080 [0906.2595]
71. K. Jedamzik, M. Lemoine and G. Moultaka, 2006 Gravitino, Axino, Kaluza-Klein Graviton Warm and Mixed Dark Matter and Reionisation J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP07(2006)010 [astro-ph/0508141]
72. M. Viel et al., 2008 How cold is cold dark matter? Small scales constraints from the flux power spectrum of the high-redshift Lyman- alpha forest, Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 041304 [0709.0131]
73. A.V. Maccio' and F. Fontanot, How cold is Dark Matter? Constraints from Milky Way Satellites, [0910.2460]
74. A. Boyarsky, J. Lesgourgues, O. Ruchayskiy and M. Viel, 2009 Lyman-alpha constraints on warm and on warm-plus-cold dark matter models J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP05(2009)012 [0812.0010]
75. D. Boyanovsky and J. Wu, 2011 Small scale aspects of warm dark matter: power spectra and acoustic oscillations, Phys. Rev. D 83 043524 [1008.0992]
76. S. Hannestad, A. Mirizzi, G.G. Raffelt and Y.Y.Y. Wong, 2010 Neutrino and axion hot dark matter bounds after WMAP-7 J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP08(2010)001 [1004.0695]
77. R.H. Cyburt, J.R. Ellis, B.D. Fields and K.A. Olive, 2003 Updated nucleosynthesis constraints on unstable relic particles, Phys. Rev. D 67 103521 [astro-ph/0211258]
78. R.H. Cyburt et al., 2009 Nucleosynthesis Constraints on a Massive Gravitino in Neutralino Dark Matter Scenarios J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP10(2009)021 [0907.5003]
79. M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri and T. Moroi, 2005 Hadronic decay of late-decaying particles and big-bang nucleosynthesis, Phys. Lett. B 625 7 [astro-ph/0402490]
80. M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri and T. Moroi, 2005 Big-bang nucleosynthesis and hadronic decay of long-lived massive particles, Phys. Rev. D 71 083502 [astro-ph/0408426]
81. K. Kohri, T. Moroi and A. Yotsuyanagi, 2006 Big-bang nucleosynthesis with unstable gravitino and upper bound on the reheating temperature, Phys. Rev. D 73 123511 [hep-ph/0507245]
82. for an update, see M. Kawasaki, K. Kohri, T. Moroi and A. Yotsuyanagi, 2008 Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis and Gravitino, Phys. Rev. D 78 065011 [0804.3745]
83. K. Jedamzik, 2004 Did something decay, evaporate, or annihilate during big bang nucleosynthesis?, Phys. Rev. D 70 063524 [astro-ph/0402344]
84. K. Jedamzik, 2006 Big bang nucleosynthesis constraints on hadronically and electromagnetically decaying relic neutral particles, Phys. Rev. D 74 103509 [hep-ph/0604251]
85. J.R. Ellis, T. Falk and K.A. Olive, 1998 Neutralino-Stau Coannihilation and the Cosmological Upper Limit on the Mass of the Lightest Supersymmetric Particle, Phys. Lett. B 444 367 [hep-ph/9810360]
86. J.R. Ellis, T. Falk, K.A. Olive and M. Srednicki, 2000 Calculations of neutralino stau coannihilation channels and the cosmologically relevant region of MSSM parameter space, Astropart. Phys. 13 181 [hep-ph/9905481]
87. M.E. Gomez, G. Lazarides and C. Pallis, 2000 Supersymmetric cold dark matter with Yukawa unification, Phys. Rev. D 61 123512 [hep-ph/9907261]
88. M.E. Gomez, G. Lazarides and C. Pallis, 2000 Yukawa unification, b sγ and bino stau coannihilation, Phys. Lett. B 487 313 [hep-ph/0004028]
89. A.B. Lahanas, D.V. Nanopoulos and V.C. Spanos, 2000 Neutralino relic density in a Universe with a non- vanishing cosmological constant, Phys. Rev. D 62 023515 [hep-ph/9909497]
90. R.L. Arnowitt, B. Dutta and Y. Santoso, 2001 Coannihilation effects in supergravity and D-brane models, Nucl. Phys. B 606 59 [hep-ph/0102181]
91. M. Drees and M.M. Nojiri, 1993 The Neutralino relic density in minimal N=1 supergravity, Phys. Rev. D 47 376 [hep-ph/9207234]
92. H. Baer and M. Brhlik, 1998 Neutralino Dark Matter in Minimal Supergravity: Direct Detection vs. Collider Searches, Phys. Rev. D 57 567 [hep-ph/9706509]
93. H. Baer et al., 2000 Yukawa unified supersymmetric SO(10) model: Cosmology, rare decays and collider searches, Phys. Rev. D 63 015007 [hep-ph/0005027]
94. J.R. Ellis, T. Falk, G. Ganis, K.A. Olive and M. Srednicki, 2001 The CMSSM Parameter Space at Large tan beta, Phys. Lett. B 510 236 [hep-ph/0102098]
95. L. Roszkowski, R. Ruiz de Austri and T. Nihei, 2001 New cosmological and experimental constraints on the CMSSM J. High Energy Phys. JHEP08(2001)024 [hep-ph/0106334]
96. - colliders J. High Energy Phys. JHEP08(2001)055 [hep-ph/0107316]
97. A.B. Lahanas and V.C. Spanos, 2002 Implications of the Pseudo-Scalar Higgs Boson in determining the Neutralino Dark Matter, Eur. Phys. J. C 23 185 [hep-ph/0106345]
98. K.L. Chan, U. Chattopadhyay and P. Nath, 1998 Naturalness, weak scale supersymmetry and the prospect for the observation of supersymmetry at the Tevatron and at the LHC, Phys. Rev. D 58 096004 [hep-ph/9710473]
99. J.L. Feng, K.T. Matchev and T. Moroi, 2000 Multi-TeV scalars are natural in minimal supergravity, Phys. Rev. Lett. 84 2322 [hep-ph/9908309]
100. J.L. Feng, K.T. Matchev and T. Moroi, 2000 Focus points and naturalness in supersymmetry, Phys. Rev. D 61 075005 [hep-ph/9909334]
101. see also H. Baer, C.-h. Chen, F. Paige and X. Tata, 1995 Signals for minimal supergravity at the CERN large hadron collider: Multi - jet plus missing energy channel, Phys. Rev. D 52 2746 [hep-ph/9503271]
102. H. Baer, C.-h. Chen, F. Paige and X. Tata, 1996 Signals for Minimal Supergravity at the CERN Large Hadron Collider II: Multilepton Channels, Phys. Rev. D 53 6241 [hep-ph/9512383]
103. H. Baer, C.-h. Chen, M. Drees, F. Paige and X. Tata, 1999 Probing minimal supergravity at the CERN LHC for large β, Phys. Rev. D 59 055014 [hep-ph/9809223]
104. for a model-independent approach, see H. Baer, T. Krupovnickas, S. Profumo and P. Ullio, 2005 Model independent approach to focus point supersymmetry: From dark matter to collider searches J. High Energy Phys. JHEP10(2005)020 [hep-ph/0507282]
105. M. Kawasaki, K. Nakayama and M. Senami, 2008 Cosmological implications of supersymmetric axion models J. Cosmol. Astropart. Phys. JCAP03(2008)009 [0711.3083]
106. J.E. Kim, 1991 Effects of decay of scalar partner of axion on cosmological bounds of axion supermultiplet properties, Phys. Rev. Lett. 67 3465
107. R.J. Scherrer and M.S. Turner, 1985 Decaying Particles Do Not Heat Up the Universe, Phys. Rev. D 31 681
108. see also G. Lazarides, R.K. Schaefer, D. Seckel and Q. Shafi, 1990 Dilution of cosmological axions by entropy production, Nucl. Phys. B 346 193
109. J. Hasenkamp and J. Kersten, 2010 Leptogenesis, Gravitino Dark Matter and Entropy Production, Phys. Rev. D 82 115029 [1008.1740]
110. W. Buchmüller and S. Fredenhagen, 2000 Quantum mechanics of baryogenesis, Phys. Lett. B 483 217 [hep-ph/0004145]
111. H. Baer, A. Lessa, S. Rajagopalan and W. Sreethawong, Mixed axion/neutralino cold dark matter in supersymmetric models, [1103.5413]
112. L. Duffy et al., 2005 Results of a search for cold flows of dark matter axions, Phys. Rev. Lett. 95 091304 [astro-ph/0505237]
113. L.D. Duffy et al., 2006 A High Resolution Search for Dark-Matter Axions, Phys. Rev. D 74 012006 [astro-ph/0603108]
114. S.J. Asztalos, L.J. Rosenberg, K. van Bibber, P. Sikivie and K. Zioutas, 2006 Searches for astrophysical and cosmological axions, Ann. Rev. Nucl. Part. Sci. 56 293
115. * γ in the MSSM, Comput. Phys. Commun. 178 745 [0710.2067]
116. A. Freitas, F.D. Steffen, N. Tajuddin and D. Wyler, 2009 Upper Limits on the Peccei-Quinn Scale and on the Reheating Temperature in Axino Dark Matter Scenarios, Phys. Lett. B 679 270 [0904.3218]
117. A. Freitas, F.D. Steffen, N. Tajuddin and D. Wyler, 2009 Late Energy Injection and Cosmological Constraints in Axino Dark Matter Scenarios, Phys. Lett. B 682 193 [0909.3293]
118. Particle Data Group collaboration, K. Nakamura et al., 2010 Review of particle physics, J. Phys. G 37 075021