Surface-generated mesoscale eddies transport deep-sea products from hydrothermal vents

Science

Volumn 332, Issue 6029, 2011, Pages 580-583

  Adams, Diane K ^a,e   McGillicuddy Jr , Dennis J ^a   Zamudio, Luis ^b   Thurnherr, Andreas M ^c   Liang, Xinfeng ^c   Rouxel, Olivier ^a,d   German, Christopher R ^a   Mullineaux, Lauren S ^a  

^a WOODS HOLE OCEANOGRAPHIC INSTITUTION   (United States)

^b FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^c Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences   (United States)

^d UNIVERSITÉ EUROPÉENNE DE BRETAGNE   (France)

^e NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DENTAL AND CRANIOFACIAL RESEARCH   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ANNUAL VARIATION; ATMOSPHERIC FORCING; DEEP SEA; EL NINO; HEAT FLUX; HYDROTHERMAL VENT COMMUNITY; LARVA; MESOSCALE EDDY; SEASONALITY;

ARTICLE; ATMOSPHERE; DEEP SEA; EL NINO; HYDRODYNAMICS; HYDROTHERMAL VENT; PACIFIC OCEAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SEA; TEMPERATURE; VELOCITY;

EAST PACIFIC RISE; PACIFIC OCEAN;

EID: 79955549647     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: 10959203     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.1201066     Document Type: Article

References (34)

1. J. M. Edmond et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 46, 759 (1979).
2. C. R. German, K. L. Von Damm, in Treatise of Geochemistry (Elsevier-Pergamon, Oxford, 2004), vol. 6, pp. 181-222.
3. C. L. Van Dover, The Ecology of Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vents (Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton, NJ, 2000).
4. V. Tunnicliffe, A. G. McArthur, D. McHugh, Adv. Mar. Biol. 34, 353 (1998).
5. E. T. Baker, C. R. German, in Geophysical Monograph Series (American Geophysical Union, Washington, DC, 2004), vol. 148, pp. 245-266.
6. D. K. Adams, L. S. Mullineaux, Limnol. Oceanogr. 53, 1945 (2008).
7. L. S. Mullineaux, D. K. Adams, S. W. Mills, S. E. Beaulieu, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 107, 7829 (2010).
8. S. A. Bennett et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 270, 157 (2008).
9. N.-C. Chu et al., Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 245, 202 (2006).
10. B. M. Toner et al., Nat. Geosci. 2, 197 (2009).
11. D. J. Mackey, J. E. O'Sullivan, R. J. Watson, Deep Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 49, 877 (2002).
12. A. Tagliabue et al., Nat. Geosci. 3, 252 (2010).
13. C. Craddock, W. R. Hoeh, R. A. Lutz, R. C. Vrijenhoek, Mar. Biol. 124, 137 (1995).
14. L. A. Hurtado, R. A. Lutz, R. C. Vrijenhoek, Mol. Ecol. 13, 2603 (2004).
15. T. M. Shank et al., Deep Sea Res. Part II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 45, 465 (1998).
16. J. W. Lavelle, A. M. Thurnherr, J. R. Ledwell, D. J. McGillicuddy Jr., L. S. Mullineaux, J. Geophys. Res. 115, (C12), C12073 (2010).
17. D. J. McGillicuddy Jr., J. W. Lavelle, A. M. Thurnherr, V. K. Kosnyrev, L. S. Mullineaux, Deep Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 57, 880 (2010).
18. R. E. Thomson et al., Nature 424, 545 (2003).
19. Close examination of the time series presented in Fig. 1A indicates that the arrival of the strongest eddy currents lags slightly behind the late-February initial drop in larval supply. Our data do not resolve whether this initial drop resulted from a stochastic biological change in larval supply or physical forcing by some other mechanism.
20. P. A. Tyler et al., J. Shellfish Res. 27, 107 (2008).
21. P. A. Tyler, C. M. Young, J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 79, 193 (1999).
22. C. R. German, S. Colley, A. Khripounoff, G. P. Klinkhammer, M. R. Palmer, Deep Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 49, 1921 (2002).
23. A. Khripounoff et al., Deep Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 55, 532 (2008).
24. T. S. Moore, T. M. Shank, D. B. Nuzzio, G. W. Luther III, Deep Sea Res. Part II Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 56, 1616 (2009).
25. Constant temperatures and chemistry also suggest that changes in chemical cues cannot account for the observed changes in larval supply.
26. D. K. Adams, G. R. Flierl, Deep Sea Res. Part I Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 57, 1163 (2010).
27. Materials and methods are available as supporting material on Science Online.
28. A. R. Robinson, Ed., Eddies in Marine Science (Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1983).
29. L. L. Fu, D. B. Chelton, P.-Y. Le Traon, R. Morrow, Oceanography (Wash. D.C.) 23, 14 (2010).
30. S. R. Jayne, J. Marotzke, J. Phys. Oceanogr. 32, 3328 (2002).
31. D. M. Palacios, S. J. Bograd, Geophys. Res. Lett. 32, L23606 (2005).
32. C. S. Willett, R. R. Leben, M. F. Lavin, Prog. Oceanogr. 69, 218 (2006).
33. L. Zamudio et al., J. Geophys. Res. 111 (C5), C05001 (2006).
34. We are grateful for help at sea from S. Beaulieu, K. Buckman, D. Fornari, A. Fusaro, I. Garcia Berdeal, B. Govenar, B. Hogue, R. Jackson, S. Mills, C. Strasser, T. Shank, S. Worrilow, and to the Captains and crew, Alvin group, and Chief Scientists (M. Lilley and C. Vetriani) during Atlantis cruises AT11-20, 11-26, 15-12, and 15-26. Altimeter products were produced and distributed by AVISO (www.aviso.oceanobs.com/) as part of the Ssalto ground processing segment. V. Kosnyrev assisted in the analysis of altimetric data. M. Auro and S. Birdwhistell assisted with geochemical analysis. The LADDER group provided input during numerous discussions. HYCOM simulations were performed as part of the Office of Naval Research project Eddy Resolving Global Ocean Prediction Including Tides using challenge and nonchallenge time from the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) High Performance Computing Modernization Office on Cray XT5 and IBM P6 computers at the Navy DOD Supercomputing Resource Center, Stennis Space Center. Support was provided by NSF grants OCE-0424953, OCE-0425361, and OCE-0647948; Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) grants from the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute and the Ocean Venture Fund; a National Defense Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowship to D.K.A.; and the WHOI Jannasch Chair for Excellence in Oceanography to L.S.M. Larval fluxes, chemical fluxes, and current records from 2004-2005 have been deposited in the Marine Geoscience Data System: RIDGE 2000 Data Portal. The authors declare no competing financial interests.