Mate choice for cognitive traits: A review of the evidence in nonhuman vertebrates

Behavioral Ecology

Volumn 22, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 447-459

  Boogert, Neeltje J ^a   Fawcett, Tim W ^b,c   Lefebvre, Louis ^a  

^a MCGILL UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

^c UNIVERSITY OF BRISTOL   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

cognition; courtship; developmental stress; foraging; mate choice; sexual selection

Indexed keywords

BRAIN; COGNITION; COURTSHIP; DIET; HYPOTHESIS TESTING; LIFE HISTORY TRAIT; MORPHOLOGY; PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE; REPRODUCTIVE STRATEGY; REPRODUCTIVE SUCCESS; SEXUAL SELECTION; SONG; SURVIVAL; VERTEBRATE;

AVES; VERTEBRATA;

EID: 79955417364     PISSN: 10452249     EISSN: 14657279     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arq173     Document Type: Review

References (215)

1. Aiello LC, Wheeler P. 1995. The expensive-tissue hypothesis: the brain and the digestive system in human and primate evolution. Curr Anthropol. 36:199-221.
2. Amici F, Aureli F, Call J. 2008. Fission-fusion dynamics, behavioral flexibility, and inhibitory control in primates. Curr Biol. 18: 1415-1419.
3. Anderson B. 1993. Evidence from the rat for a general factor that underlies cognitive performance and that relates to brain size: intelligence? Neurosci Lett. 153:98-102. (Pubitemid 23147046)
4. Andersson M. 1994. Sexual selection. Princeton (NJ): Princeton University Press.
5. Arnold KE, Owens IPF, Marshall NJ. 2002. Fluorescent signaling in parrots. Science. 295:92. (Pubitemid 34052350)
6. Banerjee K, Chabris CF, Johnson VE, Lee JJ, Tsao F, Hauser MD. 2009. General intelligence in another primate: individual differences across cognitive task performance in a New World monkey (Saguinus oedipus). PLoS One. 4:e5883.
7. Barnard CJ, Sibly RM. 1981. Producers and scroungers: a general model and its application to captive flocks of house sparrows. Anim Behav. 29:543-550.
8. Basolo AL. 2004. Variation between and within the sexes in body size p. Anim Behav. 68:75-82. (Pubitemid 38865826)
9. Bates TC. 2007. Fluctuating asymmetry and intelligence. Intelligence. 35:41-46. (Pubitemid 44932931)
10. Beauchamp G, Kacelnik A. 1991. Effects of the knowledge of partners on learning rates in zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata. Anim Behav. 41:247-253.
11. Bel-Venner MC, Dray S, Allainé D, Menu F, Venner S. 2008. Unexpected male choosiness for mates in a spider. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 275:77-82. (Pubitemid 350146732)
12. Bird CD, Emery NJ. 2008. Using video playback to investigate the social p of rooks, Corvus frugilegus. Anim Behav. 76:679-687.
13. Bird CD, Emery NJ. 2009. Rooks use stones to raise the water level to reach a floating worm. Curr Biol. 19:1410-1414.
14. Bitterman ME. 1975. The comparative analysis of learning. Science. 188:699-709.
15. Bolund E, Martin K, Kempenaers B, Forstmeier W. 2010. Inbreeding depression of sexually selected traits and attractiveness in the zebra finch. Anim Behav. 79:947-955.
16. Boogert NJ, Giraldeau L-A, Lefebvre L. 2008. Song complexity correlates with learning ability in zebra finch males. Anim Behav. 76: 1735-1741.
17. Boogert NJ, Bui C, Howarth K, Giraldeau L-A, Lefebvre L. 2010a. Does foraging behaviour affect female mate p and pair formation in captive zebra finches? PLoS One 5:e14340.
18. Boogert NJ, Monceau K, Lefebvre L. 2010b. A field test of behavioural flexibility in Zenaida doves (Zenaida aurita). Behav Process. 85: 135-141.
19. Borgia G. 1986. Sexual selection in bowerbirds. Sci Am. 254:92-101.
20. Brown WM, Cronk L, Grochow K, Jacobson A, Liu CK, Popovic Z, Trivers R. 2005. Dance reveals symmetry especially in young men. Nature. 438:1148-1150. (Pubitemid 41831683)
21. Brumm H, Zollinger SA, Slater PJB. 2009. Developmental stress affects song learning but not song complexity and vocal amplitude in zebra finches. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 63:1387-1395.
22. Buchanan KL, Spencer KA, Goldsmith AR, Catchpole CK. 2003. Song as an honest signal of past developmental stress in the European starling (Sturnus vulgaris). Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 270: 1149-1156. (Pubitemid 36683459)
23. Bugnyar T. 2007. An integrative approach to the study of 'theory-ofmind'- like abilities in ravens. Jpn J Anim Psychol. 57:15-27.
24. Bugnyar T, Stowe M, Heinrich B. 2004. Ravens, Corvus corax, follow gaze direction of humans around obstacles. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 271:1331-1336. (Pubitemid 38858308)
25. Burley NT, Foster VS. 2006. Variation in female choice of mates: condition influences selectivity. Anim Behav. 72:713-719. (Pubitemid 44311100)
26. Buss DM. 1989. Sex differences in human mate p: evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures. Behav Brain Sci. 12:1-49.
27. Byers J, Hebets E, Podos J. 2010. Female mate choice based upon male motor performance. Anim Behav. 79:771-778.
28. Byrne RW, Corp N. 2004. Neocortex size predicts deception rate in primates. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 271:1693-1699. (Pubitemid 39107989)
29. Byrne RW, Russon AE. 1998. Learning by imitation: a hierarchical approach. Behav Brain Sci. 21:667-684.
30. Candolin U. 2003. The use of multiple cues in mate choice. Biol Rev. 78:575-595. (Pubitemid 41200912)
31. Castro CA, Tracy M, Rudy JW. 1989. Early-life undernutrition impairs the development of the learning and short-term-memory processes mediating performance in a conditional-spatial discrimination task. Behav Brain Res. 32:255-264. (Pubitemid 19078315)
32. Catchpole CK, Slater PJB. 2008. Bird song: biological themes and variations. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
33. Clayton NS, Emery NJ. 2007. The social life of corvids. Curr Biol. 17: R652-R656. (Pubitemid 47259362)
34. Coleman SW, Patricelli GL, Coyle B, Siani J, Borgia G. 2007. Female p drive the evolution of mimetic accuracy in male sexual displays. Biol Lett. 3:463-466.
35. Collis K, Borgia G. 1992. Age-related effects of testosterone, plumage, and experience on aggression and social dominance in juvenile male satin bowerbirds (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus). Auk. 109:422-434.
36. Collis K, Borgia G. 1993. The costs of male display and delayed plumage maturation in the satin bowerbird (Ptilonorhynchus violaceus). Ethology. 94:59-71.
37. Cotar C, McNamara JM, Collins EJ, Houston AI. 2008. Should females prefer to mate with low-quality males? J Theor Biol. 254: 561-567.
38. Cotton S, Small J, Pomiankowski A. 2006. Sexual selection and condition-dependent mate p. Curr Biol. 16:R755-R765.
39. Dally JM, Emery NJ, Clayton NS. 2005. The social suppression of caching in western scrub-jays (Aphelocoma californica). Behaviour. 142: 961-977. (Pubitemid 41367132)
40. Darwin CR. 1871. The descent of man, and selection in relation to sex. 1st ed. London: John Murray.
41. Day LB, Westcott DA, Olster DH. 2005. Evolution of bower complexity and cerebellum size in bowerbirds. Brain Behav Evol. 66:62-72. (Pubitemid 40874853)
42. de Souza AS, Pacheco LD, Castro PD, Hokoc JN, Rocha MSdo Carmo MDT. 2008. Brain fatty acid profiles and spatial learning in malnourished rats: effects of nutritional intervention. Nutr Neurosci. 11: 119-127.
43. Deaner RO, Van Schaik CP, Johnson VE. 2006. Do some taxa have better domain-general cognition than others? A meta-analysis of nonhuman primate studies. Evol Psychol. 4:149-196.
44. Deary IJ, Johnson W, Houlihan LM. 2009. Genetic foundations of human intelligence. Hum Genet. 126:215-232.
45. Deary IJ, Penke L, Johnson W. 2010. The neuroscience of human intelligence differences. Nat Rev Neurosci. 11:201-211.
46. Doerr NR. 2010. Does decoration theft lead to an honest relationship between male quality and signal size in great bowerbirds? Anim Behav. 79:747-755.
47. Donaldson CE. 2009. Post-natal environmental effects on behaviour in the zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata). Glasgow (UK): University of Glasgow. [dissertation].
48. Drea CM, Wallen K. 1999. Low-status monkeys ''play dumb'' when learning in mixed social groups. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 96: 12965-12969. (Pubitemid 29513611)
49. Drullion D, Dubois F. 2008. Mate-choice copying by female zebra finches, Taeniopygia guttata: what happens when model females provide inconsistent information? Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 63:269-276.
50. Dukas R. 2004. Evolutionary biology of animal cognition. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst. 35:347-374. (Pubitemid 40059724)
51. Dukas R, Ratcliffe JM. 2009. Cognitive ecology II. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press.
52. Dunlap AS, Chen BB, Bednekoff PA, Greene TM, Balda RP. 2006. A state-dependent sex difference in spatial memory in pinyon jays, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus : mated females forget as predicted by natural history. Anim Behav. 72:401-411. (Pubitemid 44148506)
53. DuVal EH. 2007. Adaptive advantages of cooperative courtship for subordinate male lance-tailed manakins. Am Nat. 169:423-432.
54. Emery NJ, Clayton NS. 2004. The mentality of crows: convergent evolution of intelligence in corvids and apes. Science. 306:1903-1907. (Pubitemid 39627847)
55. Emery NJ, Clayton NS. 2005. Evolution of the avian brain and intelligence. Curr Biol. 15:R946-R950.
56. Emery NJ, Seed AM, von Bayern AMP, Clayton NS. 2007. Cognitive adaptations of social bonding in birds. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 362:489-505. (Pubitemid 47056822)
57. Erhard HW, Boissy A, Rae MT, Rhind SM. 2004. Effects of prenatal undernutrition on emotional reactivity and cognitive flexibility in adult sheep. Behav Brain Res. 151:25-35. (Pubitemid 38501425)
58. Fawcett TW, Bleay C. 2009. Previous experiences shape adaptive mate p. Behav Ecol. 20:68-78.
59. Fawcett TW, Johnstone R. 2003. Mate choice in the face of costly competition. Behav Ecol. 14:771-779. (Pubitemid 38126974)
60. Fawcett TW, Skinner AMJ, Goldsmith AR. 2002. A test of imitative learning in starlings using a two-action method with an enhanced ghost control. Anim Behav. 64:547-556. (Pubitemid 35326499)
61. Fisher MO, Nager RG, Monaghan P. 2006. Compensatory growth impairs adult cognitive performance. PLoS Biol. 4:1462-1466.
62. Fitzpatrick S, Price P. 1997. Magpies' tails: damage as an indicator of quality. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 40:209-212. (Pubitemid 27185158)
63. Forstmeier W, Burger C, Temnow K, Derégnaucourt S. 2009. The genetic basis of zebra finch vocalizations. Evolution. 63:2114-2130.
64. Frank H, Frank MG. 1982. Comparison of problem-solving performance in six-week-old wolves and dogs. Anim Behav. 30:95-98.
65. Fukuda MTH, Francolin-Silva AL, Almeida SS. 2002. Early postnatal protein malnutrition affects learning and memory in the distal but not in the proximal cue version of the Morris water maze. Behav Brain Res. 133:271-277. (Pubitemid 34754402)
66. Furlow FB, Armijo-Prewitt T, Gangestad SW, Thornhill R. 1997. Fluctuating asymmetry and psychometric intelligence. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 264:823-829. (Pubitemid 27283118)
67. Gajdon GK, Fijn N, Huber L. 2006. Limited spread of innovation in a wild parrot, the kea (Nestor notabilis). Anim Cogn. 9:173-181. (Pubitemid 43876975)
68. Galea LAM, Kavaliers M, Ossenkopp KP. 1996. Sexually dimorphic spatial learning in meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus and deer mice Peromyscus maniculatus. J Exp Biol. 199:195-200. (Pubitemid 126603952)
69. Galsworthy MJ, Paya-Cano JL, Liu L, Monleon S, Gregoryan G, Fernandes C, Schalkwyk LC, Plomin R. 2005. Assessing reliability, heritability and general cognitive ability in a battery of cognitive tasks for laboratory mice. Behav Genet. 35:675-692. (Pubitemid 41355984)
70. Gangestad SW, Thornhill R, Yeo RA. 1994. Facial attractiveness, developmental stability, and fluctuating asymmetry. Ethol Sociobiol. 15:73-85.
71. Garamszegi LZ, Eens M, Erritzøe J, Møller AP. 2005. Sperm competition and sexually size dimorphic brains in birds. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 272:159-166.
72. Garnetzke-Stollmann K, Franck D. 1991. Socialisation tactics of the spectacled parrotlet (Forpus conspicillatus). Behaviour. 119:1-29. (Pubitemid 23402734)
73. Giraldeau L-A, Lefebvre L. 1987. Scrounging prevents cultural transmission of food-finding behavior in pigeons. Anim Behav. 35: 387-394.
74. González-Solís J, Sokolov E, Becker PH. 2001. Courtship feedings, copulations and paternity in common terns, Sterna hirundo. Anim Behav. 61:1125-1132. (Pubitemid 32608527)
75. Grant BR, Grant PR. 1989. Natural selection in a population of Darwin's finches. Am Nat. 133:377-393. (Pubitemid 20417836)
76. Green DJ, Krebs EA. 1995. Courtship feeding in ospreys Pandion haliaetus: a criterion for mate assessment? Ibis. 137:35-43.
77. Grether GF, Hudon J, Millie DF. 1999. Carotenoid limitation of sexual coloration along an environmental gradient in guppies. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 266:1317-1322. (Pubitemid 29353780)
78. Griffith SC, Parker TH, Olson VA. 2006. Melanin-versus carotenoidbased sexual signals: is the difference really so black and red? Anim Behav. 71:749-763.
79. Griggio M, Zanollo V, Hoi H. 2010. UV plumage color is an honest signal of quality in male budgerigars. Ecol Res. 25:77-82.
80. Grodzinski U, Clayton NS. 2010. Problems faced by food-caching corvids and the evolution of cognitive solutions. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 365:977-987.
81. Harcourt AH, Harvey PH, Larson SG, Short RV. 1981. Testis weight, body-weight and breeding system in primates. Nature. 293:55-57. (Pubitemid 11006040)
82. Härdling R, Kokko H. 2005. The evolution of prudent choice. Evol Ecol Res. 7:697-715. (Pubitemid 40832045)
83. Harker KT, Whishaw IQ. 2002. Place and matching-to-place spatial learning affected by rat inbreeding (Dark-Agouti, Fischer 344) and albinism (Wistar, Sprague-Dawley) but not domestication (wild rat vs. Long-Evans, Fischer-Norway). Behav Brain Res. 134: 467-477. (Pubitemid 34918603)
84. Heinsohn RG. 1991. Slow learning of foraging skills and extended parental care in cooperatively breeding white-winged choughs. Am Nat. 137:864-881.
85. Helfenstein F, Wagner RH, Danchin E, Rossi JM. 2003. Functions of courtship feeding in black-legged kittiwakes: natural and sexual selection. Anim Behav. 65:1027-1033. (Pubitemid 36631807)
86. Herrmann E, Call J, Hernandez-Lloreda MV, Hare B, Tomasello M. 2007. Humans have evolved specialized skills of social cognition: the cultural intelligence hypothesis. Science. 317:1360-1366. (Pubitemid 47417471)
87. Herrmann E, Hernandez-Lloreda MV, Call J, Hare B, Tomasello M. 2010. The structure of individual differences in the cognitive abilities of children and chimpanzees. Psychol Sci. 21:102-110.
88. Hill GE. 1990. Female house finches prefer colourful males: sexual selection for a condition-dependent trait. Anim Behav. 40: 563-572.
89. Hill GE. 2006a. Environmental regulation of ornamental coloration. In: Hill GE, McGraw KJ, editors. Bird coloration, volume 1: mechanisms and measurements. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press. p. 507-560.
90. Hill GE. 2006b. Female mate choice for ornamental coloration. In: Hill GE, McGraw KJ, editors. Bird coloration, volume 2: function and evolution. Cambridge (MA): Harvard University Press. p. 137- 200.
91. Hill GE, Inouye CY, Montgomerie R. 2002. Dietary carotenoids predict plumage coloration in wild house finches. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 269:1119-1124. (Pubitemid 34628255)
92. Holveck M-J, Riebel K. 2007. Preferred songs predict preferred males: consistency and repeatability of zebra finch females across three test contexts. Anim Behav. 74:297-309. (Pubitemid 47247649)
93. Holveck M-J, Riebel K. 2010. Low-quality females prefer low-quality males when choosing a mate. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 277:153-160.
94. Huber L, Gajdon GK. 2006. Technical intelligence in animals: the kea model. Anim Cogn. 9:295-305.
95. Irschick DJ, Meyers JJ, Husak JF, Le Galliard J-F. 2008. How does selection operate on whole-organism functional performance capacities? A review and synthesis. Evol Ecol Res. 10:177-196. (Pubitemid 351501876)
96. Isler K, van Schaik C. 2006a. Costs of encephalization: the energy trade-off hypothesis tested on birds. J Hum Evol. 51:228-243. (Pubitemid 44210433)
97. Isler K, van Schaik CP. 2006b. Metabolic costs of brain size evolution. Biol Lett. 2:557-560. (Pubitemid 44935430)
98. Jawor JM, Linville SU, Beall SM, Breitwisch R. 2003. Assortative mating by multiple ornaments in northern cardinals (Cardinalis cardinalis). Behav Ecol. 14:515-520. (Pubitemid 37042022)
99. Jennions MD, Petrie M. 1997. Variation in mate choice and mating p: a review of causes and consequences. Biol Rev. 72: 283-327. (Pubitemid 27207611)
100. Johnson K. 1988a. Sexual selection in pinyon jays I: female choice and male-male competition. Anim Behav. 36:1038-1047.
101. Johnson K. 1988b. Sexual selection in pinyon jays II: male choice and female-female competition. Anim Behav. 36:1048-1053.
102. Johnston TD. 1982. Selective costs and benefits in the evolution of learning. Adv Stud Behav. 12:65-106.
103. Jones CM, Braithwaite VA, Healy SD. 2003. The evolution of sex differences in spatial ability. Behav Neurosci. 117:403-411. (Pubitemid 36686959)
104. Kalick SM, Hamilton TE. 1986. The matching hypothesis reexamined. J Pers Soc Psychol. 51:673-682.
105. Karino K, Shinjo S, Sato A. 2007. Algal-searching ability in laboratory experiments reflects orange spot coloration of the male guppy in the wild. Behaviour. 144:101-113. (Pubitemid 47190459)
106. Karino K, Utagawa T, Shinjo S. 2005. Heritability of the algal-foraging ability: an indirect benefit of female mate preference for males' carotenoid-based coloration in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 59:1-5. (Pubitemid 41597305)
107. Kaufman SB, Kozbelt A, Bromley ML, Miller GF. 2007. The role of creativity and humor in human mate selection. In: Geher G, Miller GF, editors. Mating intelligence: sex, relationships, and the mind's reproductive system. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 227-262.
108. Keagy J, Savard JF, Borgia G. 2009. Male satin bowerbird problemsolving ability predicts mating success. Anim Behav. 78:809-817.
109. Kenward B, Weir AAS, Rutz C, Kacelnik A. 2005. Tool manufacture by naive juvenile crows. Nature. 433:121.
110. Kitaysky AS, Kitaiskaia E, Piatt J, Wingfield JC. 2003. Benefits and costs of increased levels of corticosterone in seabird chicks. Horm Behav. 43:140-149. (Pubitemid 36293284)
111. Kitaysky AS, Kitaiskaia EV, Piatt JF, Wingfield JC. 2006. A mechanistic link between chick diet and decline in seabirds? Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 273:445-450. (Pubitemid 46780552)
112. Kodric-Brown A. 1989. Dietary carotenoids and male mating success in the guppy: an environmental component to female choice. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 25:393-401.
113. Kodric-Brown A, Nicoletto PF. 2001. Female choice in the guppy (Poecilia reticulata): the interaction between male color and display. Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 50:346-351. (Pubitemid 32895131)
114. Kolata S, Light K, Matzel LD. 2008. Domain-specific and domaingeneral learning factors are expressed in genetically heterogeneous CD-1 mice. Intelligence. 36:619-629.
115. Komers PE, Dhindsa MS. 1989. Influence of dominance and age on mate choice in black-billed magpies: an experimental study. Anim Behav. 37:645-655. (Pubitemid 19326363)
116. Kotrschal A, Taborsky B. 2010. Environmental change enhances cognitive abilities in fish. PLoS Biol. 8:e1000351.
117. Lack D. 1940. Courtship feeding in birds. Auk. 57:169-178.
118. Lefebvre L. 2010. Taxonomic counts of cognition in the wild. Biol Lett. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2010.0556.
119. Lefebvre L, Reader SM, Sol D. 2004. Brains, innovations and evolution in birds and primates. Brain Behav Evol. 63:233-246. (Pubitemid 38490190)
120. Lefebvre L, Whittle P, Lascaris E, Finkelstein A. 1997. Feeding innovations and forebrain size in birds. Anim Behav. 53:549-560.
121. Lemâtre J-F, Ramm SA, Barton RA, Stockley P. 2009. Sperm competition and brain size evolution in mammals. J Evol Biol. 22: 2215-2221.
122. Levitsky DA, Strupp BJ. 1995. Malnutrition and the brain: changing concepts, changing concerns. J Nutr. 125:S2212-S2220.
123. Lewejohann L, Pickel T, Sachser N, Kaiser S. 2010. Wild genius- domestic fool? Spatial learning abilities of wild and domestic guinea pigs. Front Zool. 7:9.
124. Li NP, Bailey JM, Kenrick DT, Linsenmeier JAW. 2002. The necessities and luxuries of mate p: testing the tradeoffs. J Pers Soc Psychol. 82:947-955.
125. Lifjeld JT, Slagsvold T. 1986. The function of courtship feeding during incubation in the pied flycatcher Ficedula hypoleuca. Anim Behav. 34:1441-1453.
126. Light KR, Kolata S, Wass C, Denman-Brice A, Zagalsky R, Matzel LD. 2010. Working memory training promotes general cognitive abilities in genetically heterogeneous mice. Curr Biol. 20:777-782.
127. Little AC, Burt DM, Penton-Voak IS, Perrett DI. 2001. Self-perceived attractiveness influences human female p for sexual dimorphism and symmetry in male faces. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 268:39-44. (Pubitemid 32127951)
128. Locurto C, Fortin E, Sullivan R. 2003. The structure of individual differences in heterogeneous stock mice across problem types and motivational systems. Genes Brain Behav. 2:40-55. (Pubitemid 36717662)
129. Lupien SJ, McEwen BS, Gunnar MR, Heim C. 2009. Effects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci. 10:434-445.
130. MacDougall AK, Montgomerie R. 2003. Assortative mating by carotenoid-based plumage colour: a quality indicator in American goldfinches, Carduelis tristis. Naturwissenschaften. 90:464-467. (Pubitemid 37363556)
131. Madden J. 2001. Sex, bowers and brains. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 268:833-838. (Pubitemid 32391652)
132. Madden JR. 2008. Do bowerbirds exhibit cultures? Anim Cogn. 11: 1-12. (Pubitemid 350212099)
133. Masello JF, Quillfeldt P. 2003. Body size, body condition and ornamental feathers of burrowing parrots: variation between years and sexes, assortative mating and influences on breeding success. Emu. 103: 149-161. (Pubitemid 36941258)
134. Matzel LD, Kolata S. 2010. Selective attention, working memory, and animal intelligence. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 34:23-30.
135. McCormick CM, Nixon F, Thomas C, Lowie B, Dyck J. 2010. Hippocampal cell proliferation and spatial memory performance after social instability stress in adolescence in female rats. Behav Brain Res. 208:23-29.
136. McGraw KJ. 2007. Dietary mineral content influences the expression of melanin-based ornamental coloration. Behav Ecol. 18:137-142. (Pubitemid 46026323)
137. McNamara JM, Forslund P, Lang A. 1999. An ESS model for divorce strategies in birds. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 354:223-236. (Pubitemid 29530538)
138. Midford PE, Hailman JP, Woolfenden GE. 2000. Social learning of a novel foraging patch in families of free-living Florida scrub-jays. Anim Behav. 59:1199-1207.
139. Miller GF. 2000. The mating mind: how sexual choice shaped the evolution of human nature. New York: Doubleday.
140. Miller GF. 2007. Mating intelligence: frequently asked questions. In: Geher G, Miller GF, editors. Mating intelligence: sex, relationships, and the mind's reproductive system. New York: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates. p. 367-393.
141. Miller GF, Todd PM. 1998. Mate choice turns cognitive. Trends Cogn Sci. 2:190-198. (Pubitemid 28396461)
142. Monaghan P, Metcalfe NB, Houston DC. 1996. Male finches selectively pair with fecund females. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 263: 1183-1186.
143. Moravec ML, Striedter GF, Burley NT. 2006. Assortative pairing based on contact call similarity in budgerigars, Melopsittacus undulatus. Ethology. 112:1108-1116. (Pubitemid 44564236)
144. Mougeot F, Thibaul JC, Bretagnolle V. 2002. Effects of territorial intrusions, courtship feedings and mate fidelity on the copulation behaviour of the osprey. Anim Behav. 64:759-769. (Pubitemid 35371671)
145. Neuman J, Chardine JW, Porter JM. 1998. Courtship feeding and reproductive success in black-legged kittiwakes. Colon Waterbirds. 21:73-80.
146. Niebuhr V. 1981. An investigation of courtship feeding in herring gulls Larus argentatus. Ibis. 123:218-223. (Pubitemid 14273508)
147. Nisbet ICT. 1973. Courtship-feeding, egg-size and breeding success in common terns. Nature. 241:141-142.
148. Noë R, Hammerstein P. 1995. Biological markets. Trends Ecol Evol. 10: 336-339.
149. Nowicki S, Peters S, Podos J. 1998. Song learning, early nutrition and sexual selection in songbirds. Am Zool. 38:179-190.
150. Nowicki S, Searcy WA, Peters S. 2002. Brain development, song learning and mate choice in birds: a review and experimental test of the ''nutritional stress hypothesis''. J Comp Physiol A. 188: 1003-1014. (Pubitemid 36251493)
151. Overington SE, Morand-Ferron J, Boogert NJ, Lefebvre L. 2009. Technical innovations drive the relationship between innovativeness and residual brain size in birds. Anim Behav. 78:1001-1010.
152. Patricelli GL, Uy JAC, Walsh G, Borgia G. 2002. Male displays adjusted to female's response: macho courtship by the satin bowerbird is tempered to avoid frightening the female. Nature. 415: 279-280.
153. Pearn SM, Bennett ATD, Cuthill IC. 2001. Ultraviolet vision, fluorescence and mate choice in a parrot, the budgerigar Melopsittacus undulatus. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 268:2273-2279. (Pubitemid 33032905)
154. Pike TW, Blount JD, Bjerkeng B, Lindstrom J, Metcalfe NB. 2007. Carotenoids, oxidative stress and female mating preference for longer lived males. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 274:1591-1596. (Pubitemid 47061394)
155. Pitnick S, Jones KE, Wilkinson GS. 2006. Mating system and brain size in bats. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 273:719-724. (Pubitemid 46780875)
156. Podos J, Lahti DC, Moseley DL. 2009. Vocal performance and sensorimotor learning in songbirds. Adv Study Behav. 40:159-195.
157. Pravosudov VV, Lavenex P, Omanska A. 2005. Nutritional deficits during early development affect hippocampal structure and spatial memory later in life. Behav Neurosci. 119:1368-1374. (Pubitemid 41598748)
158. Prokosch MD, Coss RG, Scheib JE, Blozis SA. 2009. Intelligence and mate choice: intelligent men are always appealing. Evol Hum Behav. 30:11-20.
159. Prokosch MD, Yeo RA, Miller GF. 2005. Intelligence tests with higher g-loadings show higher correlations with body symmetry: evidence for a general fitness factor mediated by developmental stability. Intelligence. 33:203-213. (Pubitemid 40185826)
160. Quesada J, Senar JC. 2009. Cross-fostering experiments to compare carotenoid-and melanin-based plumage traits and long-term parental effects in post-moulted great tits. Behaviour. 146:1235-1251.
161. Rajalakshmi R, Jeeves MA. 1968. Performance on the Hebb-Williams maze as related to discrimination and reversal learning in rats. Anim Behav. 16:114-116.
162. Reader SM, Laland KN. 2002. Social intelligence, innovation, and enhanced brain size in primates. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 99: 4436-4441. (Pubitemid 34286003)
163. Reid JM, Arcese P, Cassidy A, Marr AB, Smith JNM, Keller LF. 2005. Hamilton and Zuk meet heterozygosity? Song repertoire size indicates inbreeding and immunity in song sparrows (Melospiza melodia). Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 272:481-487. (Pubitemid 41411152)
164. Reilly SM. 1995. The ontogeny of aquatic feeding behavior in Salamandra salamandra: stereotypy and isometry in feeding kinematics. J Exp Biol. 198:701-708.
165. Riebel K. 2009. Song and female mate choice in zebra finches: a review. Adv Study Behav. 40:197-238.
166. Riebel K, Holveck M-J, Verhulst S, Fawcett TW. 2010. Are high-quality mates always attractive? State-dependent mate p in birds and humans. Commun Integr Biol. 3:271-273.
167. Rieucau G, Giraldeau LA. 2009. Video playback and social foraging: simulated companions produce the group size effect in nutmeg mannikins. Anim Behav. 78:961-966.
168. Rogers LJ, Kaplan G. 2004. Comparative vertebrate cognition: are primates superior to non-primates? New York: Kluwer Academic/ Plenum Publishers.
169. Roth G, Dicke U. 2005. Evolution of the brain and intelligence. Trends Cogn Sci. 9:250-257. (Pubitemid 40615113)
170. Ryan MJ, Akre KL, Kirkpatrick M. 2009. Cognitive mate choice. In: Dukas R, Ratcliffe JM, editors. Cognitive ecology II. Chicago (IL): University of Chicago Press. p. 137-155.
171. Sanford K, Clayton NS. 2008. Motivation and memory in zebra finch (Taeniopygia guttata) foraging behavior. Anim Cogn. 11:189-198. (Pubitemid 351416947)
172. Sato A, Karino K. 2006. Use of digitally modified videos to examine female mate preference for orange spot coloration of males in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Ichthyol Res. 53:398-405. (Pubitemid 44893139)
173. Scheid C, Schmidt J, Noë R. 2008. Distinct patterns of food offering and co-feeding in rooks. Anim Behav. 76:1701-1707.
174. Schillaci MA. 2006. Sexual selection and the evolution of brain size in primates. PLoS One. 1:e62.
175. Schillaci MA. 2008. Primate mating systems and the evolution of neocortex size. J Mammal. 89:58-63. (Pubitemid 351304050)
176. Schloegl C, Dierks A, Gajdon GK, Huber L, Kotrschal K, Bugnyar T. 2009. What you see is what you get? Exclusion performances in ravens and keas. PLoS One. 4:e6368.
177. Schloegl C, Kotrschal K, Bugnyar T. 2007. Gaze following in common ravens, Corvus corax: ontogeny and habituation. Anim Behav. 74: 769-778. (Pubitemid 47538492)
178. Schuck-Paim C, Alonso WJ, Ottoni EB. 2008. Cognition in an everchanging world: climatic variability is associated with brain size in neotropical parrots. Brain Behav Evol. 71:200-215. (Pubitemid 351595101)
179. Schuck-Paim C, Borsari A, Ottoni EB. 2009. Means to an end: neotropical parrots manage to pull strings to meet their goals. Anim Cogn. 12:287-301.
180. Searcy WA, Andersson M. 1986. Sexual selection and the evolution of song. Annu Rev Ecol Syst. 17:507-533.
181. Senar JC, Escobar D. 2002. Carotenoid derived plumage coloration in the siskin Carduelis spinus is related to foraging ability. Avian Sci. 2:19-24.
182. Shettleworth SJ. 2001. Animal cognition and animal behaviour. Anim Behav. 61:277-286. (Pubitemid 32532985)
183. Shettleworth SJ. 2010. Cognition, evolution, and behavior. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
184. Shohet AJ, Watt PJ. 2009. Female guppies Poecilia reticulata prefer males that can learn fast. J Fish Biol. 75:1323-1330.
185. Smith BP, Litchfield CA. 2010. How well do dingoes, Canis dingo, perform on the detour task? Anim Behav. 80:155-162.
186. Snowberg LK, Benkman CW. 2009. Mate choice based on a key ecological performance trait. J Evol Biol. 22:762-769.
187. Sol D, Székely T, Liker A, Lefebvre L. 2007. Big-brained birds survive better in nature. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 274:763-769. (Pubitemid 47056755)
188. Spoon TR. 2006. Parrot reproductive behavior, or who associates, who mates, and who cares? In: Luescher AU, editor. Manual of parrot behavior. 1st ed. Ames (IA): Blackwell Publishing. p. 63- 77.
189. Spritzer MD, Meikle DB, Solomon NG. 2005. Female choice based on male spatial ability and aggressiveness among meadow voles. Anim Behav. 69:1121-1130. (Pubitemid 40588788)
190. Spritzer MD, Solomon NG, Meikle DB. 2005. Influence of scramble competition for mates upon the spatial ability of male meadow voles. Anim Behav. 69:375-386. (Pubitemid 40084836)
191. Stuermer IW, Wetzel W. 2006. Early experience and domestication affect auditory discrimination learning, open field behaviour and brain size in wild Mongolian gerbils and domesticated laboratory gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus forma domestica). Behav Brain Res. 173:11-21. (Pubitemid 44572011)
192. Sullivan KA. 1989. Predation and starvation: age-specific mortality in juvenile juncos (Junco phaenotus). J Anim Ecol. 58:275-286. (Pubitemid 19325359)
193. Swaddle JP, McBride L, Malhotra S. 2006. Female zebra finches prefer unfamiliar males but not when watching noninteractive video. Anim Behav. 72:161-167. (Pubitemid 43927547)
194. Taylor AH, Hunt GR, Holzhaider JC, Gray RD. 2007. Spontaneous metatool use by New Caledonian crows. Curr Biol. 17:1504-1507. (Pubitemid 47333165)
195. Tebbich S, Sterelny K, Teschke I. 2010. The tale of the finch: adaptive radiation and behavioural flexibility. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 365:1099-1109.
196. Tebbich S, Taborsky M, Winkler H. 1996. Social manipulation causes cooperation in keas. Anim Behav. 52:1-10.
197. Thornhill R, Gangestad SW. 1999. Facial attractiveness. Trends Cogn Sci. 3:452-460.
198. Timmermans S, Lefebvre L, Boire D, Basu P. 2000. Relative size of the hyperstriatum ventrale is the best predictor of feeding innovation rate in birds. Brain Behav Evol. 56:196-203. (Pubitemid 32045988)
199. Todd PM, Miller GF.1999 From pride and prejudice to persuasion: satisficing in mate search. In: Gigerenzer G, Todd PM, ABC Research Group, editors. Simple heuristics that make us smart. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 287-308.
200. Trainer JM, McDonald DB. 1995. Singing performance, frequency matching and courtship success of long-tailed manakins (Chiroxiphia linearis). Behav Ecol Sociobiol. 37:249-254. (Pubitemid 26452588)
201. Trainer JM, McDonald DB, Learn WA. 2002. The development of coordinated singing in cooperatively displaying long-tailed manakins. Behav Ecol. 13:65-69. (Pubitemid 34134630)
202. Tryjanowski P, Hromada M. 2005. Do males of the great grey shrike, Lanius excubitor, trade food for extrapair copulations? Anim Behav. 69:529-533. (Pubitemid 40253017)
203. Vandenburg SG. 1972. Assortative mating, or who marries whom? Behav Genet. 2:127-157.
204. Velando A. 2004. Female control in yellow-legged gulls: trading paternity assurance for food. Anim Behav. 67:899-907. (Pubitemid 38617316)
205. Venner S, Bernstein C, Dray S, Bel-Venner M-C. 2010. Make love not war: when should less competitive males choose low-quality but defendable females? Am Nat. 175:650-661.
206. von Bayern AMP, de Kort SR, Clayton NS, Emery NJ. 2007. The role of food- and object-sharing in the development of social bonds in juvenile jackdaws (Corvus monedula). Behaviour. 144:711-733. (Pubitemid 47190972)
207. Weathers WW, Sullivan KA. 1989. Juvenile foraging proficiency, parental effort, and avian reproductive success. Ecol Monogr. 59: 223-246. (Pubitemid 20421042)
208. Webster SJ, Lefebvre L. 2001. Problem solving and neophobia in a columbiform-passeriform assemblage in Barbados. Anim Behav. 62:23-32. (Pubitemid 32731609)
209. Weir AAS, Chappell J, Kacelnik A. 2002. Shaping of hooks in New Caledonian crows. Science. 297:981. (Pubitemid 34856025)
210. Widemo F, Sæther SA. 1999. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: causes and consequences of variation in mating p. Trends Ecol Evol. 249:654-666.
211. Wiggins DA, Morris RD. 1986. Criteria for female choice of mates: courtship feeding and paternal care in the common tern. Am Nat. 128:126-129.
212. Woodley MA. 2009. Inbreeding depression and IQ in a study of 72 countries. Intelligence. 37:268-276.
213. Wunderle JM. 1991. Age-specific foraging proficiency in birds. Curr Ornithol. 8:273-324.
214. Yoerg SI. 1998. Foraging behavior predicts age at independence in juvenile Eurasian dippers (Cinclus cinclus). Behav Ecol. 9:471-477. (Pubitemid 28465947)
215. Zann R. 1993. Structure, sequence and evolution of song elements in wild Australian zebra finches. Auk. 110:702-715.