Prevalence of levamisole in urine toxicology screens positive for cocaine in an inner-city hospital

JAMA

Volumn 305, Issue 16, 2011, Pages 1657-1658

  Jennie, Buchanan A ^a   Kennon, Heard ^a   Cynthia, Burbach ^a   Michael L , Wilson ^b   Richard, Dart ^a  

^a DENVER HEALTH AND HOSPITAL AUTHORITY   (United States)

^b Department of Public Health ^*  (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

COCAINE; CODEINE; DIAMORPHINE; LEVAMISOLE; METHADONE; MORPHINE; MORPHINE 6 ACETATE; OXYCODONE;

AGRANULOCYTOSIS; AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE; BRAIN VASCULITIS; HOSPITAL; HUMAN; IMMUNOASSAY; INCIDENCE; LETTER; LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; NEOPLASM; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; URBAN AREA; URINALYSIS;

EID: 79955376870     PISSN: 00987484     EISSN: 15383598     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1001/jama.2011.531     Document Type: Letter

References (6)

1. Amery WKP, Bruynseels JPJM. Levamisole, the story and the lessons. Int J Immunopharmacol. 1992;14(3):481-486.
2. Rongioletti F, Ghio L, Ginevri F, et al. Purpura of the ears: a distinctive vasculopathy with circulating autoantibodies complicating long-term treatment with levamisole in children. Br J Dermatol. 1999;140(5):948-951. (Pubitemid 29238474)
3. Valentino AM, Fuentecilla K. Levamisole: an analytical profile. Microgram J. 2005;3(3-4):134-137.
4. Drug intelligence brief: Cocaine containing levamisole adversely affecting drug users in the United States [DEA-10001-levamisole]. Drug Enforcement Administration, Intelligence Production Unit. January 2010.
5. Spector S, Munjal I, Schmidt DE. Effects of the immunostimulant, levamisole, on opiate withdrawal and levels of endogenous opiate alkaloids and monoamine neurotransmitters in rat brain. Neuropsychopharmacology. 1998;19(5):417-427. (Pubitemid 28451597)
6. Chang A, Osterloh J, Thomas J. Levamisole: a dangerous new cocaine adulterant. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2010;88(3):408-411.