Distribution of concentrations of cocaine and its metabolites in hair collected postmortem from cases with diverse causes/circumstances of death

Journal of Analytical Toxicology

Volumn 34, Issue 9, 2010, Pages 543-548

  Cordero, Rosa ^a   Lee, Sooyeun ^a   Paterson, Sue ^a  

^a IMPERIAL COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BENZOYLECGONINE; COCAINE; DRUG METABOLITE; ECGONINE METHYL ESTER;

ARTICLE; AUTOPSY; CAUSE OF DEATH; DRUG DETERMINATION; DRUG HAIR LEVEL; DRUG METABOLISM; HAIR ANALYSIS; HUMAN; HUMAN TISSUE; ION MONITORING; MASS FRAGMENTOGRAPHY; SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION;

EID: 79954604153     PISSN: 01464760     EISSN: 01464760     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jat/34.9.543     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. L. Afonso, T. Mohammad, and D. Thatai. Crack whips the heart: a review of the cardiovascular toxicity of cocaine. Am. J. Cardiol. 100: 1040-1043 (2007).
2. J. Glauser and J.R. Queen. An overview of non-cardiac cocaine toxicity. J. Emerg. Med. 32: 181-186 (2007).
3. F. Pragst and M.A. Balikova. State of the art in hair analysis for detection of drug and alcohol abuse. Clin. Chim. Acta 370: 17-49 (2006).
4. H.H. Maurer, C. Sauer, and D.S Theobald. Toxicokinetics of drugs of abuse: current knowledge of the isoenzymes involved in the human metabolism of tetrahydrocannabinol, cocaine, heroin, morphine, and codeine. Ther. Drug Monit. 28: 447-453 (2006).
5. C. Jurado and C. Staub. Interpretation of hair analysis: Opiates. Presented at the Society of Hair TestingWorkshop " Interpretation of Hair Analysis" , Bordeaux, France, 2001.
6. R. Wennig. Potential problems with the interpretation of hair analysis results. Forensic Sci. Int. 107: 5-12 (2005).
7. S. Pichini, R. Pacifici, I. Altieri, M. Pellegrini, and P. Zuccaro. Determination of opiates and cocaine in hair as trimethylsilyl derivatives using gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J .Anal. Toxicol. 23: 343-348 (1999).
8. J.A. Bourland, E.F. Hayes, R.C. Kelly, S.A. Sweeney, and M.M. Hatab. Quantitation of cocaine, benzoylecgonine, cocaethylene, methylecgonine, and norcocaine in human hair by positive ion chemical ionization (PICI) gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24: 489-495 (2000).
9. L. Politi, A. Zucchella, L. Morini, C. Stramesi, and A. Polettini. Markers of chronic alcohol use in hair: comparison of ethyl glucuronide and cocaethylene in cocaine users. Forensic Sci. Int. 172: 23-27 (2007).
10. S. Paterson, R. Cordero, and E. Stearns. Chronic drug use confirmed by hair analysis: its role in understanding both the medical cause of death and the circumstances surrounding the death. J. Forensic Legal Med. 16: 143-147 (2009).
11. S. Paterson, S. Lee, and R. Cordero. Analysis of hair after contamination with blood containing cocaine and blood containing benzoylecgonine. Forensic Sci. Int. 194: 94-96 (2010).
12. R. Cordero and S. Paterson. Simultaneous quantification of opiates, amphetamines, cocaine and metabolites and diazepam and metabolite in a single hair sample using GC-MS. J. Chromatogr. B 850: 423-431 (2007).
13. S. Lee, R. Cordero, and S. Paterson. Distribution of 6-acetylmorphine and morphine in head and pubic hair from heroin-related deaths. Forensic Sci. Int. 183: 74-77 (2009).
14. P. Kintz, R. Brenneisen, P. Bundeli, and P. Mangin. Sweat testing for heroin and metabolites in a heroin maintenance program. Clin. Chem. 43: 736-739 (1997).
15. M.A. Huestis, E.J. Cone, C.J. Wong, A. Umbricht, and K.L. Preston. Monitoring opiates use in substance abuse treatment patients with sweat and urine drug testing. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24: 509-521 (2000).
16. S.L. Kacinko, A.J. Barnes, E.W. Schwilke, E.J. Cone, E.T. Moolchan, and M.A. Huestis. Disposition of cocaine and its metabolites in human sweat after controlled cocaine administration. Clin. Chem. 51: 2085-2094 (2005).
17. V. Hill, T. Cairns, and M. Schaffer. Hair analysis for cocaine: factors in laboratory contamination studies and their relevance to proficiency sample preparation and hair testing practices. Forensic Sci. Int. 176: 23-33 (2008).
18. G. Romano, N. Barbera, and I. Lombardo. Hair testing for drugs of abuse: evaluation of external cocaine contamination and risk of false positives. Forensic Sci. Int. 123: 119-129 (2001).
19. P.R. Stout, J.D. Ropero-Miller, M.R. Baylor, and J.M. Mitchell. External contamination of hair with cocaine: Evaluation of external cocaine contamination and development of performance-testing materials. J. Anal. Toxicol. 30: 490-500 (2006).
20. R.C. Baselt and R.H. Cravey. Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man, 4th ed. Biomedical Publications, Foster City, CA, 1995.
21. F.S. Romolo, M.C. Rotolo, I. Palmi, R. Pacifici, and A. Lopez. Optimized conditions for simultaneous determination of opiates, cocaine and benzoylecgonine in hair samples by GC-MS. Forensic Sci. Int. 138: 17-26 (2003).
22. D.H. Harris, E.T. Everhart, J. Mendelson, and R.T. Johns. The pharmacology of cocaethylene in humans following cocaine and ethanol administration. Drug Alcohol Depend. 72: 169-182 (2003).
23. A.P. Ferko, E.J. Barbieri, G.J. DiGregorio, and E.K. Ruch. The accumulation and disappearance of cocaine and benzoylecgonine in rat hair following prolonged administration of cocaine. Life Sci. 51: 1823-1832 (1992).
24. J.D. Ropero-Miller, B.A. Goldberger, E.J. Cone, and R.E. Joseph, Jr. The disposition of cocaine and opiate analytes in hair and finger nails of humans following cocaine and codeine administration. J. Anal. Toxicol. 24: 496-508 (2000).
25. K.B. Scheidweiler, E.J. Cone, E.T. Moolchan, and M.A. Huestis. Dose-related distribution of codeine, cocaine, and metabolites into human hair following controlled oral codeine and subcutaneous cocaine administration. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 313: 909-915 (2005).
26. T. Cairns, V. Hill, M. Schaffer, and W. Thistle. Levels of cocaine and its metabolites in washed hair of demonstrated cocaine users and workplace subjects. Forensic Sci. Int. 145: 175-181 (2004).
27. M. Balikova. Hair analysis for drugs of abuse. Plausibility of interpretation. Biomed. Pap. Med. Fac. Univ. Palacky Olomouc Czech Repub. 149: 199-207 (2005).
28. A. Polettini, C. Stramesi, C. Vignali, and M. Montagna. Determination of opiates in hair. Effects of extraction methods on recovery and on stability of analytes. Forensic Sci. Int. 84: 259-269 (1997).