메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 5, 2011, Pages 816-824

From GERD to Barrett's esophagus: Is the pattern in Asia mirroring that in the West?

Author keywords

Barrett's esophagus; Esophageal neoplasms; Esophagus Barrett's mucosa; Gastroesophagus reflux disease (GERD)

Indexed keywords

ASIA; BARRETT ESOPHAGUS; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA; GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX; HUMAN; MORBIDITY; PREVALENCE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; REFLUX ESOPHAGITIS; REVIEW; RISK FACTOR;

EID: 79954476945     PISSN: 08159319     EISSN: 14401746     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1440-1746.2011.06669.x     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (28)

References (104)
  • 1
    • 0030931230 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota
    • Locke GR 3d, Talley NJ, Fett SL, Zinsmeister AR, Melton LJ 3d. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota. Gastroenterology 1997; 112: 1448-56.
    • (1997) Gastroenterology , vol.112 , pp. 1448-1456
    • Locke 3d, G.R.1    Talley, N.J.2    Fett, S.L.3    Zinsmeister, A.R.4    Melton 3d, L.J.5
  • 2
    • 59149096141 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review: the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in primary care, using the UK General Practice Research Database
    • El-Serag H, Hill C, Jones R. Systematic review: the epidemiology of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in primary care, using the UK General Practice Research Database. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2009; 29: 470-80.
    • (2009) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.29 , pp. 470-480
    • El-Serag, H.1    Hill, C.2    Jones, R.3
  • 4
    • 0037259187 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Japan: increased prevalence in elderly women
    • Fujimoto K, Iwakiri R, Okamoto K etal. Characteristics of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Japan: increased prevalence in elderly women. J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 38 (Suppl. 15): 3-6.
    • (2003) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL. 15 , pp. 3-6
    • Fujimoto, K.1    Iwakiri, R.2    Okamoto, K.3
  • 5
    • 0142245351 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux disease at the turn of millennium
    • Lim LG, Ho KY. Gastroesophageal reflux disease at the turn of millennium. World J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 9: 2135-6.
    • (2003) World J. Gastroenterol. , vol.9 , pp. 2135-2136
    • Lim, L.G.1    Ho, K.Y.2
  • 6
    • 0037258487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of reflux disease and CLE in East Asia
    • Hongo M, Shoji T. Epidemiology of reflux disease and CLE in East Asia. J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 38 (Suppl. 15): 25-30.
    • (2003) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.38 , Issue.SUPPL. 15 , pp. 25-30
    • Hongo, M.1    Shoji, T.2
  • 7
    • 34548495783 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms are more common in general practice in Japan
    • Watanabe T, Urita Y, Sugimoto M, Miki K. Gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms are more common in general practice in Japan. World J. Gastroenterol. 2007; 13: 4219-23.
    • (2007) World J. Gastroenterol. , vol.13 , pp. 4219-4223
    • Watanabe, T.1    Urita, Y.2    Sugimoto, M.3    Miki, K.4
  • 8
    • 0030744505 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in community-based practice
    • Lieberman DA, Oehlke M, Helfand M. Risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in community-based practice. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1997; 92: 1293-7.
    • (1997) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.92 , pp. 1293-1297
    • Lieberman, D.A.1    Oehlke, M.2    Helfand, M.3
  • 9
    • 0242497630 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barrett's esophagus and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma
    • Cossentino MJ, Wong RK. Barrett's esophagus and risk of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Semin. Gastrointest. Dis. 2003; 14: 128-35.
    • (2003) Semin. Gastrointest. Dis. , vol.14 , pp. 128-135
    • Cossentino, M.J.1    Wong, R.K.2
  • 10
    • 11844266615 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiologic risk factors for Barrett's esophagus and associated adenocarcinoma
    • Wong A, Fitzgerald RC. Epidemiologic risk factors for Barrett's esophagus and associated adenocarcinoma. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2005; 3: 1-10.
    • (2005) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.3 , pp. 1-10
    • Wong, A.1    Fitzgerald, R.C.2
  • 11
    • 0024492883 scopus 로고
    • Adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus: an overrated risk
    • Van der Veen AH, Dees J, Blankensteijn JD etal. Adenocarcinoma in Barrett's oesophagus: an overrated risk. Gut 1989; 30: 14-18.
    • (1989) Gut , vol.30 , pp. 14-18
    • Van der Veen, A.H.1    Dees, J.2    Blankensteijn, J.D.3
  • 12
    • 3242658023 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of oesophageal cancer in Barrett's oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal reflux
    • Solaymani-Dodaran M, Logan RF, West J, Card T, Coupland C. Risk of oesophageal cancer in Barrett's oesophagus and gastro-oesophageal reflux. Gut 2004; 53: 1070-4.
    • (2004) Gut , vol.53 , pp. 1070-1074
    • Solaymani-Dodaran, M.1    Logan, R.F.2    West, J.3    Card, T.4    Coupland, C.5
  • 13
    • 0033866197 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Is there publication bias in the reporting of cancer risk in Barrett's esophagus?
    • Shaheen NJ, Crosby MA, Bozymski EM, Sandler RS. Is there publication bias in the reporting of cancer risk in Barrett's esophagus? Gastroenterology 2000; 119: 333-8.
    • (2000) Gastroenterology , vol.119 , pp. 333-338
    • Shaheen, N.J.1    Crosby, M.A.2    Bozymski, E.M.3    Sandler, R.S.4
  • 14
    • 39149125604 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett's esophagus and high-grade dysplasia: a meta-analysis
    • Rastogi A, Puli S, El-Serag HB, Bansal A, Wani S, Sharma P. Incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma in patients with Barrett's esophagus and high-grade dysplasia: a meta-analysis. Gastrointest. Endosc. 2008; 67: 394-8.
    • (2008) Gastrointest. Endosc. , vol.67 , pp. 394-398
    • Rastogi, A.1    Puli, S.2    El-Serag, H.B.3    Bansal, A.4    Wani, S.5    Sharma, P.6
  • 16
    • 47649099118 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of esophageal cancer and high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Yousef F, Cardwell C, Cantwell MM, Galway K, Johnston BT, Murray L. The incidence of esophageal cancer and high-grade dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2008; 168: 237-49.
    • (2008) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.168 , pp. 237-249
    • Yousef, F.1    Cardwell, C.2    Cantwell, M.M.3    Galway, K.4    Johnston, B.T.5    Murray, L.6
  • 17
    • 0036143976 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Preoperative prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in esophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review
    • Dulai GS, Guha S, Kahn KL, Gornbein J, Weinstein WM. Preoperative prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in esophageal adenocarcinoma: a systematic review. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 26-33.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , pp. 26-33
    • Dulai, G.S.1    Guha, S.2    Kahn, K.L.3    Gornbein, J.4    Weinstein, W.M.5
  • 18
  • 19
    • 77249090264 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • History, molecular mechanisms, and endoscopic treatment of Barrett's esophagus
    • Spechler SJ, Fitzgerald RC, Prasad GA, Wang KK. History, molecular mechanisms, and endoscopic treatment of Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2010; 138: 854-69.
    • (2010) Gastroenterology , vol.138 , pp. 854-869
    • Spechler, S.J.1    Fitzgerald, R.C.2    Prasad, G.A.3    Wang, K.K.4
  • 21
    • 0031039244 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus: a prospective study of 170 patients followed 4.8 years
    • Drewitz DJ, Sampliner RE, Garewal HS. The incidence of adenocarcinoma in Barrett's esophagus: a prospective study of 170 patients followed 4.8 years. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1997; 92: 212-15.
    • (1997) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.92 , pp. 212-215
    • Drewitz, D.J.1    Sampliner, R.E.2    Garewal, H.S.3
  • 22
    • 0033180027 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence of adenocarcinoma and dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: report on the Cleveland Clinic Barrett's esophagus Registry
    • O'Connor J, Falk G, Richter J. The incidence of adenocarcinoma and dysplasia in Barrett's esophagus: report on the Cleveland Clinic Barrett's esophagus Registry. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1999; 94: 2037-42.
    • (1999) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.94 , pp. 2037-2042
    • O'Connor, J.1    Falk, G.2    Richter, J.3
  • 23
    • 0036179390 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Surveillance and survival in Barrett's adenocarcinomas: a population-based study
    • Corley DA, Levin TR, Habel LA, Weiss NS, Buffler PA. Surveillance and survival in Barrett's adenocarcinomas: a population-based study. Gastroenterology 2002; 122: 633-40.
    • (2002) Gastroenterology , vol.122 , pp. 633-640
    • Corley, D.A.1    Levin, T.R.2    Habel, L.A.3    Weiss, N.S.4    Buffler, P.A.5
  • 24
    • 17644416461 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review
    • Dent J, El-Serag HB, Wallander MA, Johansson S. Epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Gut 2005; 54: 710-17.
    • (2005) Gut , vol.54 , pp. 710-717
    • Dent, J.1    El-Serag, H.B.2    Wallander, M.A.3    Johansson, S.4
  • 25
    • 0344097310 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in a multiracial Asian population, with particular reference to reflux-type symptoms
    • Ho KY, Kang JY, Seow A. Prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms in a multiracial Asian population, with particular reference to reflux-type symptoms. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 1998; 93: 1816-22.
    • (1998) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.93 , pp. 1816-1822
    • Ho, K.Y.1    Kang, J.Y.2    Seow, A.3
  • 26
    • 2342449947 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastrooesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: a prospective, endoscopy based study
    • Rosaida MS, Goh KL. Gastrooesophageal reflux disease, reflux oesophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease in a multiracial Asian population: a prospective, endoscopy based study. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2004; 16: 495- 501.
    • (2004) Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.16 , pp. 495-501
    • Rosaida, M.S.1    Goh, K.L.2
  • 27
    • 1642406545 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ethnic differences in the prevalence of endoscopic esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus: the long and short of it all
    • Rajendra S, Kutty K, Karim N. Ethnic differences in the prevalence of endoscopic esophagitis and Barrett's esophagus: the long and short of it all. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2004; 49: 237-42.
    • (2004) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.49 , pp. 237-242
    • Rajendra, S.1    Kutty, K.2    Karim, N.3
  • 28
    • 1342267740 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Racial differences in the prevalence of heartburn
    • Rajendra S, Alahuddin S. Racial differences in the prevalence of heartburn. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2004; 19: 375-6.
    • (2004) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.19 , pp. 375-376
    • Rajendra, S.1    Alahuddin, S.2
  • 29
    • 33846207511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review
    • El-Serag HB. Time trends of gastroesophageal reflux disease: a systematic review. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2007; 5: 17-26.
    • (2007) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.5 , pp. 17-26
    • El-Serag, H.B.1
  • 30
    • 19944433138 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms in Japan
    • Fujiwara Y, Higuchi K, Watanabe Y etal. Prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms in Japan. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2005; 20: 26-9.
    • (2005) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.20 , pp. 26-29
    • Fujiwara, Y.1    Higuchi, K.2    Watanabe, Y.3
  • 31
    • 17544362631 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Asan-si, Korea
    • Cho YS, Choi MG, Jeong JJ etal. Prevalence and clinical spectrum of gastroesophageal reflux: a population-based study in Asan-si, Korea. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 100: 747-53.
    • (2005) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.100 , pp. 747-753
    • Cho, Y.S.1    Choi, M.G.2    Jeong, J.J.3
  • 32
    • 79954522353 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The change in the prevalence of typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms during the past 5 years in Korea: a population-based study
    • Cho SC, Lee OY, Ha NR etal. The change in the prevalence of typical gastroesophageal reflux symptoms during the past 5 years in Korea: a population-based study. Korean J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. 2008; 14: 96-102.
    • (2008) Korean J. Neurogastroenterol. Motil. , vol.14 , pp. 96-102
    • Cho, S.C.1    Lee, O.Y.2    Ha, N.R.3
  • 33
    • 34548543287 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for erosive esophagitis in a Korean population
    • Kang MS, Park DI, Oh SY etal. Abdominal obesity is an independent risk factor for erosive esophagitis in a Korean population. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2007; 22: 1656-61.
    • (2007) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.22 , pp. 1656-1661
    • Kang, M.S.1    Park, D.I.2    Oh, S.Y.3
  • 34
    • 77955491836 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A population-based survey of the epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease: the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases in China
    • Published online 2010 August 15. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-94.
    • He J, Ma X, Zhao Y etal. A population-based survey of the epidemiology of symptom-defined gastroesophageal reflux disease: the Systematic Investigation of Gastrointestinal Diseases in China. BMC Gastroenterol. 2010; 10: 94. Published online 2010 August 15. doi: 10.1186/1471-230X-10-94.
    • (2010) BMC Gastroenterol. , vol.10 , pp. 94
    • He, J.1    Ma, X.2    Zhao, Y.3
  • 35
    • 22144439793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence, risk factors and impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: a population-based study in South China
    • Chen M, Xiong L, Chen H, Xu A, He L, Hu P. Prevalence, risk factors and impact of gastroesophageal reflux disease symptoms: a population-based study in South China. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 40: 759-67.
    • (2005) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.40 , pp. 759-767
    • Chen, M.1    Xiong, L.2    Chen, H.3    Xu, A.4    He, L.5    Hu, P.6
  • 36
    • 0036913944 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Long-term prospective follow-up of endoscopic oesophagitis in southern Chinese-prevalence and spectrum of the disease
    • Wong WM, Lam SK, Hui WM etal. Long-term prospective follow-up of endoscopic oesophagitis in southern Chinese-prevalence and spectrum of the disease. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2002; 16: 2037-42.
    • (2002) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.16 , pp. 2037-2042
    • Wong, W.M.1    Lam, S.K.2    Hui, W.M.3
  • 37
    • 26944488331 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Social and medical impact, sleep quality and the pharmaceutical costs of heartburn in Taiwan
    • Lu CL, Lang HC, Chang FY etal. Social and medical impact, sleep quality and the pharmaceutical costs of heartburn in Taiwan. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2005; 22: 739-47.
    • (2005) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.22 , pp. 739-747
    • Lu, C.L.1    Lang, H.C.2    Chang, F.Y.3
  • 40
    • 27744607823 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing trend of reflux esophagitis and decreasing trend of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients from a multiethnic Asian country
    • Ho KY, Chan YH, Kang JY. Increasing trend of reflux esophagitis and decreasing trend of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients from a multiethnic Asian country. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 100: 1923-8.
    • (2005) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.100 , pp. 1923-1928
    • Ho, K.Y.1    Chan, Y.H.2    Kang, J.Y.3
  • 41
    • 0032839511 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Proportion of reflux esophagitis in 6010 Japanese adults-prospective evaluation by endoscopy
    • Furukawa N, Iwakiri R, Koyama T etal. Proportion of reflux esophagitis in 6010 Japanese adults-prospective evaluation by endoscopy. J. Gastroenterol. 1999; 34: 441-4.
    • (1999) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.34 , pp. 441-444
    • Furukawa, N.1    Iwakiri, R.2    Koyama, T.3
  • 42
    • 0037299893 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical characteristics of Japanese reflux esophagitis patients as determined by Los Angeles classification
    • Inamori M, Togawa J, Nagase H etal. Clinical characteristics of Japanese reflux esophagitis patients as determined by Los Angeles classification. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2003; 18: 172-6.
    • (2003) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.18 , pp. 172-176
    • Inamori, M.1    Togawa, J.2    Nagase, H.3
  • 43
    • 24744453487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of endoscopically negative and positive gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese
    • Mishima I, Adachi K, Arima N etal. Prevalence of endoscopically negative and positive gastroesophageal reflux disease in the Japanese. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 40: 1005-9.
    • (2005) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.40 , pp. 1005-1009
    • Mishima, I.1    Adachi, K.2    Arima, N.3
  • 44
    • 74949093518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing prevalence of erosive esophagitis among Taiwanese aged 40 years and above: a comparison between two time periods
    • Lien HC, Chang CS, Yeh HZ etal. Increasing prevalence of erosive esophagitis among Taiwanese aged 40 years and above: a comparison between two time periods. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2009; 43: 926-32.
    • (2009) J. Clin. Gastroenterol. , vol.43 , pp. 926-932
    • Lien, H.C.1    Chang, C.S.2    Yeh, H.Z.3
  • 45
    • 57049106145 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Barrett's esophagus in a Chinese general population
    • Tseng PH, Lee YC, Chiu HM etal. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of Barrett's esophagus in a Chinese general population. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2008; 42: 1074-9.
    • (2008) J. Clin. Gastroenterol. , vol.42 , pp. 1074-1079
    • Tseng, P.H.1    Lee, Y.C.2    Chiu, H.M.3
  • 47
    • 33644874635 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical application of Carlsson's questionnaire to predict erosive GERD among healthy Chinese
    • Hung CS, Lee CL, Yang JN etal. Clinical application of Carlsson's questionnaire to predict erosive GERD among healthy Chinese. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2005; 20: 1900-5.
    • (2005) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.20 , pp. 1900-1905
    • Hung, C.S.1    Lee, C.L.2    Yang, J.N.3
  • 48
    • 0030907340 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erosive esophagitis and Barrett's Esophagus in Taiwan: a higher frequency than expected
    • Yeh C, Hsu CT, Ho AS, Sampliner RE, Fass R. Erosive esophagitis and Barrett's Esophagus in Taiwan: a higher frequency than expected. Dig. Dis. Sci. 1997; 42: 702-6.
    • (1997) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.42 , pp. 702-706
    • Yeh, C.1    Hsu, C.T.2    Ho, A.S.3    Sampliner, R.E.4    Fass, R.5
  • 49
    • 34250731723 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Erosive esophagitis in the Philippines: a comparison between two time periods
    • Sollano JD, Wong SN, Andal-Gamutan T etal. Erosive esophagitis in the Philippines: a comparison between two time periods. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2007; 22: 1650-5.
    • (2007) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.22 , pp. 1650-1655
    • Sollano, J.D.1    Wong, S.N.2    Andal-Gamutan, T.3
  • 50
    • 78649688674 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abdominal visceral adipose tissue volume is associated with increased risk of erosive esophagitis in men and women
    • Nam SY, Choi IJ, Ryu KH, Park BJ, Kim HB, Nam BH. Abdominal visceral adipose tissue volume is associated with increased risk of erosive esophagitis in men and women. Gastroenterology 2010; 139: 1902-11.
    • (2010) Gastroenterology , vol.139 , pp. 1902-1911
    • Nam, S.Y.1    Choi, I.J.2    Ryu, K.H.3    Park, B.J.4    Kim, H.B.5    Nam, B.H.6
  • 51
    • 67651009660 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research. Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005
    • Kim JI, Kim SG, Kim N etal. Korean College of Helicobacter and Upper Gastrointestinal Research. Changing prevalence of upper gastrointestinal disease in 28893 Koreans from 1995 to 2005. Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2009; 21: 787-93.
    • (2009) Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.21 , pp. 787-793
    • Kim, J.I.1    Kim, S.G.2    Kim, N.3
  • 52
    • 67650354870 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and clinical characteristics of reflux esophagitis in koreans and its possible relation to metabolic syndrome
    • Song HJ, Shim KN, Yoon SJ etal. The prevalence and clinical characteristics of reflux esophagitis in koreans and its possible relation to metabolic syndrome. J Korean Med Sci. 2009; 24: 197-202.
    • (2009) J Korean Med Sci. , vol.24 , pp. 197-202
    • Song, H.J.1    Shim, K.N.2    Yoon, S.J.3
  • 53
    • 0035038248 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of endoscopic reflux esophagitis among Koreans
    • Lee SJ, Song CW, Jeen YT etal. Prevalence of endoscopic reflux esophagitis among Koreans. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2001; 16: 373-6.
    • (2001) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.16 , pp. 373-376
    • Lee, S.J.1    Song, C.W.2    Jeen, Y.T.3
  • 54
    • 36349027989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic reflux esophagitis in patients with upper abdominal pain-predominant dyspepsia
    • Song HJ, Choi KD, Jung HY etal. Endoscopic reflux esophagitis in patients with upper abdominal pain-predominant dyspepsia. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2007; 22: 2217-21.
    • (2007) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.22 , pp. 2217-2221
    • Song, H.J.1    Choi, K.D.2    Jung, H.Y.3
  • 55
    • 36949012744 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease, reflux esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease among Chinese patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination
    • Du J, Liu J, Zhang H, Yu CH, Li YM. Risk factors for gastroesophageal reflux disease, reflux esophagitis and non-erosive reflux disease among Chinese patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopic examination. World J. Gastroenterol. 2007; 13: 6009-15.
    • (2007) World J. Gastroenterol. , vol.13 , pp. 6009-6015
    • Du, J.1    Liu, J.2    Zhang, H.3    Yu, C.H.4    Li, Y.M.5
  • 56
    • 0142161158 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Epidemiological study of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease in China: Beijing and Shanghai
    • Pan G, Xu G, Ke M etal. Epidemiological study of symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux disease in China: Beijing and Shanghai. Chin. J. Dig. Dis. 2000; 1: 2-8.
    • (2000) Chin. J. Dig. Dis. , vol.1 , pp. 2-8
    • Pan, G.1    Xu, G.2    Ke, M.3
  • 57
    • 34147169401 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and erosive esophagitis in a tertiary referral center in Turkey
    • Yilmaz N, Tuncer K, Tuncyurek M, Ozutemiz O, Bor S. The prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and erosive esophagitis in a tertiary referral center in Turkey. Turk. J. Gastroenterol. 2006; 17: 79-83.
    • (2006) Turk. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.17 , pp. 79-83
    • Yilmaz, N.1    Tuncer, K.2    Tuncyurek, M.3    Ozutemiz, O.4    Bor, S.5
  • 61
    • 20444466168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux with changing time: longitudinal study in an Asian population
    • Lim SL, Goh WT, Lee JM, Ng TP, Ho KY. Changing prevalence of gastroesophageal reflux with changing time: longitudinal study in an Asian population. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2005; 20: 995-1001.
    • (2005) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.20 , pp. 995-1001
    • Lim, S.L.1    Goh, W.T.2    Lee, J.M.3    Ng, T.P.4    Ho, K.Y.5
  • 62
    • 51049091878 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus among white americans by sex, stage, and age
    • Brown LM, Devesa SS, Chow WH. Incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus among white americans by sex, stage, and age. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2008; 100: 1184-7.
    • (2008) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.100 , pp. 1184-1187
    • Brown, L.M.1    Devesa, S.S.2    Chow, W.H.3
  • 63
    • 0032533670 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Changing patterns in the incidence of esophageal and gastric carcinoma in the United States
    • Devesa SS, Blot WJ, Fraumeni JF Jr. Changing patterns in the incidence of esophageal and gastric carcinoma in the United States. Cancer 1998; 83: 2049-53.
    • (1998) Cancer , vol.83 , pp. 2049-2053
    • Devesa, S.S.1    Blot, W.J.2    Fraumeni Jr, J.F.3
  • 64
    • 49749141517 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Trends in esophageal cancer incidence by histology, United States, 1998-2003
    • Trivers KF, Sabatino SA, Stewart SL. Trends in esophageal cancer incidence by histology, United States, 1998-2003. Int. J. Cancer 2008; 123: 1422-8.
    • (2008) Int. J. Cancer , vol.123 , pp. 1422-1428
    • Trivers, K.F.1    Sabatino, S.A.2    Stewart, S.L.3
  • 66
    • 33745712848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus with intestinal predominant mucin phenotype
    • Amano Y, Kushiyama Y, Yuki T etal. Prevalence of and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus with intestinal predominant mucin phenotype. Scand. J. Gastroenterol. 2006; 41: 873-9.
    • (2006) Scand. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.41 , pp. 873-879
    • Amano, Y.1    Kushiyama, Y.2    Yuki, T.3
  • 68
    • 0035409531 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of short segments of specialized columnar epithelium in distal esophagus: association with gastroesophageal reflux
    • Dhawan PS, Alvares JF, Vora IM etal. Prevalence of short segments of specialized columnar epithelium in distal esophagus: association with gastroesophageal reflux. Indian J. Gastroenterol. 2001; 20: 144-7.
    • (2001) Indian J. Gastroenterol. , vol.20 , pp. 144-147
    • Dhawan, P.S.1    Alvares, J.F.2    Vora, I.M.3
  • 69
    • 60749108443 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The application of Prague C and M criteria in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus in an ethnic Chinese population
    • Chang CY, Lee YC, Lee CT etal. The application of Prague C and M criteria in the diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus in an ethnic Chinese population. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2009; 104: 13-20.
    • (2009) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.104 , pp. 13-20
    • Chang, C.Y.1    Lee, Y.C.2    Lee, C.T.3
  • 70
    • 34250318989 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors of Barrett's esophagus in Korea
    • Kim JH, Rhee PL, Lee JH, etal. Prevalence and risk factors of Barrett's esophagus in Korea. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2007; 22: 908-12.
    • (2007) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.22 , pp. 908-912
    • Kim, J.H.1    Rhee, P.L.2    Lee, J.H.3
  • 71
    • 77954740183 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence and risk factors of Barrett's esophagus in patients undergoing endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal symptoms
    • Xiong LS, Cui Y, Wang JP etal. Prevalence and risk factors of Barrett's esophagus in patients undergoing endoscopy for upper gastrointestinal symptoms. J. Dig. Dis. 2010; 11: 83-7.
    • (2010) J. Dig. Dis. , vol.11 , pp. 83-87
    • Xiong, L.S.1    Cui, Y.2    Wang, J.P.3
  • 72
    • 58149195168 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barrett's esophagus in Japanese patients: its prevalence, form, and elongation
    • Okita K, Amano Y, Takahashi Y etal. Barrett's esophagus in Japanese patients: its prevalence, form, and elongation. J. Gastroenterol. 2008; 43: 928-34.
    • (2008) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.43 , pp. 928-934
    • Okita, K.1    Amano, Y.2    Takahashi, Y.3
  • 73
    • 70349889876 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Differences in the definitions used for esophageal and gastric diseases in different countries: endoscopic definition of the esophagogastric junction, the precursor of Barrett's adenocarcinoma, the definition of Barrett's esophagus, and histologic criteria for mucosal adenocarcinoma or high-grade dysplasia
    • Takubo K, Vieth M, Aida J etal. Differences in the definitions used for esophageal and gastric diseases in different countries: endoscopic definition of the esophagogastric junction, the precursor of Barrett's adenocarcinoma, the definition of Barrett's esophagus, and histologic criteria for mucosal adenocarcinoma or high-grade dysplasia. Digestion 2009; 80: 248-57.
    • (2009) Digestion , vol.80 , pp. 248-257
    • Takubo, K.1    Vieth, M.2    Aida, J.3
  • 74
    • 77956329171 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interobserver reliability in the endoscopic diagnosis and grading of Barrett's esophagus: an Asian multinational study
    • Lee YC, Cook MB, Bhatia S etal. Interobserver reliability in the endoscopic diagnosis and grading of Barrett's esophagus: an Asian multinational study. Endoscopy 2010; 42: 699-704.
    • (2010) Endoscopy , vol.42 , pp. 699-704
    • Lee, Y.C.1    Cook, M.B.2    Bhatia, S.3
  • 75
    • 0037484426 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association between gastroesophageal flap valve, reflux esophagitis, Barrett's epithelium, and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy in Japanese patients
    • Fujiwara Y, Higuchi K, Shiba M etal. Association between gastroesophageal flap valve, reflux esophagitis, Barrett's epithelium, and atrophic gastritis assessed by endoscopy in Japanese patients. J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 38: 533-9.
    • (2003) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.38 , pp. 533-539
    • Fujiwara, Y.1    Higuchi, K.2    Shiba, M.3
  • 76
    • 67649985765 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for the progression of endoscopic Barrett's epithelium in Japan: a multivariate analysis based on the Prague C & M Criteria
    • Akiyama T, Inamori M, Akimoto K etal. Risk factors for the progression of endoscopic Barrett's epithelium in Japan: a multivariate analysis based on the Prague C & M Criteria. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2009; 54: 1702-7.
    • (2009) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.54 , pp. 1702-1707
    • Akiyama, T.1    Inamori, M.2    Akimoto, K.3
  • 77
    • 0033845662 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and expression of mucin antigens detected by a panel of monoclonal antibodies in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in Japan
    • Azuma N, Endo T, Arimura Y etal. Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus and expression of mucin antigens detected by a panel of monoclonal antibodies in Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma in Japan. J. Gastroenterol. 2000; 35: 583-92.
    • (2000) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.35 , pp. 583-592
    • Azuma, N.1    Endo, T.2    Arimura, Y.3
  • 79
    • 77953647408 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Frequency and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in Taiwanese patients: a prospective study in a tertiary referral center
    • Kuo CJ, Lin CH, Liu NJ, Wu RC, Tang JH, Cheng CL. Frequency and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in Taiwanese patients: a prospective study in a tertiary referral center. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2010; 55: 1337-43.
    • (2010) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 1337-1343
    • Kuo, C.J.1    Lin, C.H.2    Liu, N.J.3    Wu, R.C.4    Tang, J.H.5    Cheng, C.L.6
  • 80
    • 77956338760 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prompt upper endoscopy is an appropriate initial management in uninvestigated chinese patients with typical reflux symptoms
    • Peng S, Xiong LS, Xiao YL etal. Prompt upper endoscopy is an appropriate initial management in uninvestigated chinese patients with typical reflux symptoms. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2010; 105: 1947-52.
    • (2010) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.105 , pp. 1947-1952
    • Peng, S.1    Xiong, L.S.2    Xiao, Y.L.3
  • 81
    • 0036986668 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopically observed lower esophageal capillary patterns
    • Choi DW, Oh SN, Baek SJ etal. Endoscopically observed lower esophageal capillary patterns. Korean J.Intern. Med. 2002; 17: 245-8.
    • (2002) Korean J.Intern. Med. , vol.17 , pp. 245-248
    • Choi, D.W.1    Oh, S.N.2    Baek, S.J.3
  • 82
    • 0037289007 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in an urban Korean population: a multicenter study
    • Lee JI, Park H, Jung HY, Rhee PL, Song CW, Choi MG. Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus in an urban Korean population: a multicenter study. J. Gastroenterol. 2003; 38: 23-7.
    • (2003) J. Gastroenterol. , vol.38 , pp. 23-27
    • Lee, J.I.1    Park, H.2    Jung, H.Y.3    Rhee, P.L.4    Song, C.W.5    Choi, M.G.6
  • 83
    • 77954426270 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus remains low in the Korean population: nationwide cross-sectional prospective multicenter study
    • Lee IS, Choi SC, Shim KN, Jee SR etal. Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus remains low in the Korean population: nationwide cross-sectional prospective multicenter study. Dig. Dis. Sci. 2010; 55: 1932-9.
    • (2010) Dig. Dis. Sci. , vol.55 , pp. 1932-1939
    • Lee, I.S.1    Choi, S.C.2    Shim, K.N.3    Jee, S.R.4
  • 85
    • 74949128886 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The prevalence of and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in a Korean population: a nationwide multicenter prospective study
    • Park JJ, Kim JW, Kim HJ etal. The prevalence of and risk factors for Barrett's esophagus in a Korean population: a nationwide multicenter prospective study. J. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2009; 43: 907-14.
    • (2009) J. Clin. Gastroenterol. , vol.43 , pp. 907-914
    • Park, J.J.1    Kim, J.W.2    Kim, H.J.3
  • 86
    • 52949107896 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Low prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett esophagus in a tertiary referral center in Turkey
    • Bayrakci B, Kasap E, Kitapcioglu G, Bor S. Low prevalence of erosive esophagitis and Barrett esophagus in a tertiary referral center in Turkey. Turk. J. Gastroenterol. 2008; 19: 145-51.
    • (2008) Turk. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.19 , pp. 145-151
    • Bayrakci, B.1    Kasap, E.2    Kitapcioglu, G.3    Bor, S.4
  • 87
    • 33646827053 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Endoscopic and histologic findings in Iranian patients with heartburn
    • Bafandeh Y, Esmaili H, Aharizad S. Endoscopic and histologic findings in Iranian patients with heartburn. Indian J. Gastroenterol. 2005; 24: 236-8.
    • (2005) Indian J. Gastroenterol. , vol.24 , pp. 236-238
    • Bafandeh, Y.1    Esmaili, H.2    Aharizad, S.3
  • 89
    • 77649291005 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Barrett's esophagus and endoscopically assessed esophagogastric junction integrity in 1000 consecutive Turkish patients undergoing endoscopy: a prospective study
    • Odemiş B, Ciçek B, Zengin NI etal. Barrett's esophagus and endoscopically assessed esophagogastric junction integrity in 1000 consecutive Turkish patients undergoing endoscopy: a prospective study. Dis. Esophagus 2009; 22: 649-55.
    • (2009) Dis. Esophagus , vol.22 , pp. 649-655
    • Odemiş, B.1    Ciçek, B.2    Zengin, N.I.3
  • 90
    • 10644297267 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Review article: Barrett's esophagus and carcinoma in Japan
    • Hongo M. Review article: Barrett's esophagus and carcinoma in Japan. Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. 2004; 20: 50-4.
    • (2004) Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther. , vol.20 , pp. 50-54
    • Hongo, M.1
  • 91
    • 33745547698 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Opposing trends in incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in a multi-ethnic Asian country
    • Fernandes ML, Seow A, Chan YH, Ho KY. Opposing trends in incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma in a multi-ethnic Asian country. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2006; 101: 1430-6.
    • (2006) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.101 , pp. 1430-1436
    • Fernandes, M.L.1    Seow, A.2    Chan, Y.H.3    Ho, K.Y.4
  • 93
    • 75149185564 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Unchanging trend of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in Korea: experience at a single institution based on Siewert's classification
    • Chung JW, Lee GH, Choi KS etal. Unchanging trend of esophagogastric junction adenocarcinoma in Korea: experience at a single institution based on Siewert's classification. Dis. Esophagus 2009; 22: 676-81.
    • (2009) Dis. Esophagus , vol.22 , pp. 676-681
    • Chung, J.W.1    Lee, G.H.2    Choi, K.S.3
  • 94
    • 77950637414 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increasing trend of the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not adenocarcinoma, in Taiwan
    • Lu CL, Lang HC, Luo JC etal. Increasing trend of the incidence of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, but not adenocarcinoma, in Taiwan. Cancer Causes Control 2010; 21: 269-74.
    • (2010) Cancer Causes Control , vol.21 , pp. 269-274
    • Lu, C.L.1    Lang, H.C.2    Luo, J.C.3
  • 95
    • 33645800356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Systematic review on epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asia
    • Wong BC, Kinoshita Y. Systematic review on epidemiology of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asia. Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2006; 4: 398-407.
    • (2006) Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.4 , pp. 398-407
    • Wong, B.C.1    Kinoshita, Y.2
  • 96
    • 57049161854 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gastroesophageal reflux disease: an Asian perspective
    • JC W. Gastroesophageal reflux disease: an Asian perspective. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2008; 23: 1785-93.
    • (2008) J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. , vol.23 , pp. 1785-1793
    • JC, W.1
  • 97
    • 65949099533 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prevalence of, and factors associated with, gastroesophageal reflux disease: a population-based study in Shanghai, China
    • Ma XQ, Cao Y, Wang R etal. Prevalence of, and factors associated with, gastroesophageal reflux disease: a population-based study in Shanghai, China. Dis. Esophagus 2009; 22: 317-22.
    • (2009) Dis. Esophagus , vol.22 , pp. 317-322
    • Ma, X.Q.1    Cao, Y.2    Wang, R.3
  • 98
    • 33748684348 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Etiology and risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma: possibilities for chemoprophylaxis?
    • Lagergren J. Etiology and risk factors for oesophageal adenocarcinoma: possibilities for chemoprophylaxis? Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. 2006; 20: 803-12.
    • (2006) Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol. , vol.20 , pp. 803-812
    • Lagergren, J.1
  • 99
    • 77956590470 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: a pooled analysis from the international BEACON consortium
    • Cook MB, Kamangar F, Whiteman DC etal. Cigarette smoking and adenocarcinomas of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction: a pooled analysis from the international BEACON consortium. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. 2010; 102: 1344-53.
    • (2010) J. Natl. Cancer Inst. , vol.102 , pp. 1344-1353
    • Cook, M.B.1    Kamangar, F.2    Whiteman, D.C.3
  • 100
    • 39049165652 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of increasing adiposity on Barrett's esophagus
    • Cook MB, Greenwood DC, Hardie LJ, Wild CP, Forman D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the risk of increasing adiposity on Barrett's esophagus. Am. J. Gastroenterol. 2008; 103: 292-300.
    • (2008) Am. J. Gastroenterol. , vol.103 , pp. 292-300
    • Cook, M.B.1    Greenwood, D.C.2    Hardie, L.J.3    Wild, C.P.4    Forman, D.5
  • 101
    • 34447097514 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Abdominal obesity and body mass index as risk factors for Barrett's esophagus
    • Corley DA, Kubo A, Levin TR etal. Abdominal obesity and body mass index as risk factors for Barrett's esophagus. Gastroenterology 2007; 133: 34-41.
    • (2007) Gastroenterology , vol.133 , pp. 34-41
    • Corley, D.A.1    Kubo, A.2    Levin, T.R.3
  • 102
    • 28544435347 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A systematic review and meta-analysis of the sex ratio for Barrett's esophagus, erosive reflux disease, and nonerosive reflux disease
    • Cook MB, Wild CP, Forman D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the sex ratio for Barrett's esophagus, erosive reflux disease, and nonerosive reflux disease. Am. J. Epidemiol. 2005; 162: 1050-61.
    • (2005) Am. J. Epidemiol. , vol.162 , pp. 1050-1061
    • Cook, M.B.1    Wild, C.P.2    Forman, D.3
  • 103
    • 61449216998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Cigarette smoking and the risk of Barrett's esophagus
    • Kubo A, Levin TR, Block G etal. Cigarette smoking and the risk of Barrett's esophagus. Cancer Causes Control 2009; 20: 303-11.
    • (2009) Cancer Causes Control , vol.20 , pp. 303-311
    • Kubo, A.1    Levin, T.R.2    Block, G.3
  • 104
    • 70449716043 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of dietary fiber, fats, and meat intakes on the risk of Barrett's esophagus
    • Kubo A, Block G, Quesenberry CP Jr, Buffler P, Corley DA. Effects of dietary fiber, fats, and meat intakes on the risk of Barrett's esophagus. Nutr. Cancer 2009; 61: 607-16.
    • (2009) Nutr. Cancer , vol.61 , pp. 607-616
    • Kubo, A.1    Block, G.2    Quesenberry Jr, C.P.3    Buffler, P.4    Corley, D.A.5


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.