Leadership competencies: An exploratory study of what is important now and what has changed since the terrorist attacks of 9/11

Journal of Leadership Studies

Volumn 2, Issue 2, 2008, Pages 22-35

  Sparks, Taylor E ^a   Gentry, William A ^a,b  

^a Global Research and Evaluation   (United States)

^b NORTH CAROLINA A AND T STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 79954470331     PISSN: 19352611     EISSN: 1935262X     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/jls.20059     Document Type: Article

References (56)

1. American Psychological Association (2002). Many Americans still feeling effects of September 11th; are reexamining their priorities in life.
2. Retrieved July 16, 2007, from http://www.apa.org/practice/poll_911.html
3. Atwater, L. E., Ostroff, C., Yammarino, F. J., & Fleenor, J. W. (1998). Self-other agreement: Does it really matter? Personnel Psychology, 51, 577–598.
4. Bennis, W. G., & Nanus, B. (1985). Leaders: The strategies for taking charge. New York: Harper & Row.
5. Brown, S. P. (1996). A meta-analysis and review of organizational research on job involvement. Psychological Bulletin, 120, 235–256.
6. Brutus, S., Fleenor, J. W., & London, M. (1998). Does 360- degree feedback work in different industries? A between-industry comparison of the reliability and validity of multisource performance ratings. Journal of Management Development, 17, 177–190.
7. Brutus, S., Fleenor, J. W., & McCauley, C. D. (1999). Demographic and personality predictors of congruence in multisource ratings. Journal of Management Development, 18, 417–435.
8. Carstensen, L. L. (1993). Motivation for social contact across the life span: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. In J. E. Jacobs (Ed.), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation: Vol. 40. Developmental perspectives on motivation (pp. 209–254). Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
9. Carstensen, L. L. (1995). Evidence for a life-span theory of socioemotional selectivity. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 4, 151–156.
10. Carstensen, L. L., Isaacowitz, D. M., & Charles, S. T. (1999). Taking time seriously: A theory of socioemotional selectivity. American Psychologist, 54, 165–181.
11. Carty, H. M. (2003). Review of BENCHMARKS®[revised]. In B. S. Plake, J. Impara, & R. A. Spies (Eds.), The fifteenth mental measurements yearbook (pp. 123–124). Lincoln, NE: Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.
12. Center for Creative Leadership. (2004). BENCHMARKS® facilitator's manual. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
13. Conway, J. M. (2000). Managerial performance development constructs and personality correlates. Human Performance, 13, 23–46.
14. Doria, J., Rozanski, H., & Cohen, E. (2003). What business needs from business schools. Strategy and Business, 32.
15. Retrieved November 16, 2007, from http://www.strategy-business.com/press/16635507/03305
16. Fleenor, J. W., McCauley, C. D., & Brutus, S. (1996). Self-other rating agreement and leader effectiveness. Leadership Quarterly, 7, 487–506.
17. Fung, H. H., & Carstensen, L. L. (2006). Goals change when life's fragility is primed: Lessons learned from older adults, the September 11 attacks and SARS. Social Cognition, 24, 248–278.
18. Galea, S., Ahern, J., Resnick, H., Kilpatrick, D., Bucuvalas, M., Gold, J., et al. (2002). Psychological sequelae of the September 11 terrorist attacks in New York City. New England Journal of Medicine, 346, 982–987.
19. Gentry, W. A., Harris, L. S., Baker, B. A., & Leslie, J. B. (2008). Managerial skills: What has changed since the late 1980s. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 29, 167–181.
20. Gentry, W. A., & Leslie, J. B. (2007). Competencies for leadership development: What's hot and what's not when assessing leadership: Implications for organization development. Organization Development Journal, 25(1), 37–46.
21. Graves, L. M., Ohlott, P. J., & Ruderman, M. N. (2007). Commitment to family roles: Effects on managers' attitudes and performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 92, 44–56.
22. Green, P. C. (1999). Building robust competencies: Linking human resource systems to organizational strategies. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
23. Greene, K., Tejada, C. (2001, December 26). Your career matters: Far from ground zero, attacks made people rethink their work lives—Some retire early, others search for more meaningful work; quitting to travel the world. The Wall Street Journal, p. B1.
24. Hales, C. P., & Tamnagani, Z. (1996). An investigation of the relationship between organizational structure, managerial role expectations, and managers' work activities. Journal of Management Studies, 33, 731–756.
25. Hogan, R., & Warrenfeltz, R. (2003). Educating the modern manager. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 2, 74–84.
26. Hollenbeck, G. P., McCall, M. W., Jr., & Silzer, R. F. (2006). Leadership competency models. Leadership Quarterly, 17, 398–413.
27. Klann, G. (2002). After the storm: Leading in the wake of a crisis. Leadership in Action, 22(5), 3–6.
28. Kotter, J. P. (1990). A force for change: How leadership differs from management. New York: Free Press.
29. Kraut, A. I., Pedigo, P. R., McKenna, D. D., & Dunnette, M. D. (1989). The role of the manager: What's really important in different management jobs. Academy of Management Executive, 3(4), 286–293.
30. Lindsey, E. H., Homes, V., & McCall, M. W., Jr. (1987). Key events in executives' lives. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
31. Lombardo, M. M., & McCauley, C, D. (1994). BENCHMARKS® A manual and trainer's guide. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
32. Lombardo, M. M., McCauley, C. D., McDonald-Mann, D., & Leslie, J. B. (1999). BENCHMARKS® developmental reference points. Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
33. Lucia, A. D., & Lepsinger, R. (1999). The art and science of competency modeling: Pinpointing critical success factors in organizations. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass/Pfeiffer.
34. Luthans, F. (1988). Successful versus effective real managers. Academy of Management Executive, 2(2), 127–132.
35. McCauley, C., & Lombardo, M. (1990). BENCHMARKS® An instrument for diagnosing managerial strengths and weaknesses. In K. E. Clark & M. B. Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership (pp. 535–545). West Orange, NJ: Leadership Library of America.
36. McCauley, C., Lombardo, M., & Usher, C. (1989). Diagnosing management development needs: An instrument based on how managers develop. Journal of Management, 15, 389–403.
37. McCauley, C. D., & Van Velsor, E. (Eds.). (2004). The Center for Creative Leadership handbook of leadership development (2nd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
38. Mintzberg, H. (1973). The nature of managerial work. New York: Harper & Row.
39. Mintzberg, H., & Gosling, J. R. (2002). Reality programming for MBAs. Strategy and Business, 15, 28–31.
40. Morrison, A. M., White, R. P., & Van Velsor, E. (1987). Breaking the glass ceiling: Can women reach the top of America's largest corporations? Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
41. Mumford, T. V., Campion, M. A., & Morgeson, F. P. (2007). The leadership skills strataplex: Leadership skill requirements across organizational levels. Leadership Quarterly, 18, 154–166.
42. Myers, L., & Tucker, M. (2005). Increasing awareness of emotional intelligence in a business curriculum. Business Communication Quarterly, 68, 44–51.
43. O'Gorman, C., Bourke, S., & Murray, J. A. (2005). The nature of managerial work in small growth-oriented businesses. Small Business Economics, 25, 1–16.
44. Paton, N. (2002, September 10). 9/11 What has changed? Personnel Today, 24.
45. Retrieved May 31, 2007, from http://www.personneltoday.com/articles/2002/09/10/14655/prepared-for-the-worst.html
46. Rost, J. C. (1991). Leadership for the twenty-first century. New York: Praeger.
47. Silver, R. C., Holman, E. A., McIntosh, D. N., Poulin, M., & Gil-Rivas, V. (2002). Nationwide longitudinal study of psychological responses to September 11. Journal of the American Medical Association, 288, 1235–1244.
48. Spangler, M. (2003). Review of BENCHMARKS® [revised]. In B. S. Plake, J. Impara, & R. A. Spies (Eds.), The fifteenth mental measurements yearbook (pp. 124–126). Lincoln, NE: Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.
49. Stein, B. D., Elliott, M. N., Jaycox, L. H., Collins, R. L., Berry, S. H., Klein, D. J., et al. (2004). A national longitudinal study of the psychological consequences of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks: Reactions, impairment, and help-seeking. Psychiatry: Interpersonal and Biological Processes, 67, 105–117.
50. Stewart, R., Barsoux, J-L., Kieser, A., Ganter, H., & Walgenbach, P. (1994). Managing in Britain and Germany. Basingstoke, UK: Macmillan.
51. Tengblad, S. (2006). Is there a “New managerial work”? A comparison with Henry Mintzberg's classic study 30 years later. Journal of Management Studies, 43, 1437–1461.
52. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services: Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (October, 2002). Self-care tips for survivors of a traumatic event: What to expect in your personal, family, work, and financial life.
53. Retrieved July 23, 2007, from http://mentalhealth.samhsa.gov/publications/allpubs/NMH02-0139/default.asp
54. Vaill, P. B. (1989). Managing as a performing art: New ideas for a world of chaotic change. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers.
55. Yukl, G. A. (2006). Leadership in Organizations (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River NJ: Prentice-Hall.
56. Zedeck, S. (1995). Review of BENCHMARKS®. In J. Conoley, & J. Impara (Eds.), The twelfth mental measurements yearbook (Vol. 1, pp. 128–129). Lincoln, NE: Buros Institute of Mental Measurements.