메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 17, Issue 3, 2011, Pages 148-154

Pulmonary aspiration syndromes

Author keywords

aspiration; aspiration pneumonia; aspiration pneumonitis; dysphagia; elderly; stroke; swallow evaluation

Indexed keywords

ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; ANTITHROMBOCYTIC AGENT; CARBAPENEM; CEPHALOSPORIN; CORTICOSTEROID; CXCL1 CHEMOKINE; DIPEPTIDYL CARBOXYPEPTIDASE INHIBITOR; HALOPERIDOL; IMMUNOMODULATING AGENT; METHYLPREDNISOLONE; OMEGA 3 FATTY ACID; PENTOXIFYLLINE; PHENOTHIAZINE; PIPERACILLIN; PREDNISOLONE; QUINOLINE DERIVED ANTIINFECTIVE AGENT; TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR ALPHA; VANCOMYCIN;

EID: 79953847138     PISSN: 10705287     EISSN: 15316971     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1097/MCP.0b013e32834397d6     Document Type: Review
Times cited : (106)

References (69)
  • 1
    • 0038679100 scopus 로고
    • Pneumonias and pneumococcic infections
    • 8th ed. New York: D.Appleton & Co
    • Osler W. Pneumonias and pneumococcic infections. The principles and practice of medicine. 8th ed. New York: D.Appleton & Co; 1918. pp. 74-108.
    • (1918) The Principles and Practice of Medicine , pp. 74-108
    • Osler, W.1
  • 2
    • 0035282729 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonitis and pneumonia: A clinical review
    • Marik PE. Aspiration pneumonitis and pneumonia: a clinical review. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:665-672.
    • (2001) N Engl J Med , vol.344 , pp. 665-672
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 3
    • 0029826933 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Importance of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis caused by chronic occult aspiration in the elderly
    • Matsuse T, Oka T, Kida K, et al. Importance of diffuse aspiration bronchiolitis caused by chronic occult aspiration in the elderly. Chest 1996; 110:1289-1293. (Pubitemid 26380488)
    • (1996) Chest , vol.110 , Issue.5 , pp. 1289-1293
    • Matsuse, T.1    Oka, T.2    Kida, K.3    Fukuchi, Y.4
  • 4
    • 0030017848 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between Glasgow coma scale and aspiration pneumonia [2]
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(96)24028-0
    • Adnet F, Baud F. Relation between Glasgow Coma Scale and aspiration pneumonia [letter]. Lancet 1996; 348:123-124. (Pubitemid 26234364)
    • (1996) Lancet , vol.348 , Issue.9020 , pp. 123-124
    • Adnet, F.1    Baud, F.2
  • 5
    • 84930284328 scopus 로고
    • The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia
    • Mendelson CL. The aspiration of stomach contents into the lungs during obstetric anesthesia. Am J Obstet Gynecol 1946; 52:191-205.
    • (1946) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.52 , pp. 191-205
    • Mendelson, C.L.1
  • 6
    • 0027514768 scopus 로고
    • Clinical significance of pulmonary aspiration during the perioperative period
    • Warner MA, Warner ME, Weber JG. Clinical significance of pulmonary aspiration during the perioperative period. Anesthesiol 1993; 78:56-62. (Pubitemid 23038979)
    • (1993) Anesthesiology , vol.78 , Issue.1 , pp. 56-62
    • Warner, M.A.1    Warner, M.E.2    Weber, J.G.3
  • 7
  • 8
    • 33750044881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The incidence and outcome of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in a university hospital: A 4-year retrospective analysis
    • DOI 10.1213/01.ane.0000237296.57941.e7, PII 0000053920061000000028
    • Sakai T, Planinsic RM, Quinlan JJ, et al. The incidence and outcome of perioperative pulmonary aspiration in a university hospital: a 4-year retrospective analysis. Anesth Analg 2006; 103:941-947. (Pubitemid 44576702)
    • (2006) Anesthesia and Analgesia , vol.103 , Issue.4 , pp. 941-947
    • Sakai, T.1    Planinsic, R.M.2    Quinlan, J.J.3    Handley, L.J.4    Kim, T.-Y.5    Hilmi, I.A.6
  • 9
    • 0002073368 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration of gastric contents. An experimental study
    • Teabeaut JR. Aspiration of gastric contents. An experimental study. Am J Pathol 1952; 28:51-67.
    • (1952) Am J Pathol , vol.28 , pp. 51-67
    • Teabeaut, J.R.1
  • 11
    • 23844441857 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Aspiration pneumonitis primes the host for an exaggerated inflammatory response during pneumonia
    • van Westerloo DJ, Knapp S, van't Veer C, et al. Aspiration pneumonitis primes the host for an exaggerated inflammatory response during pneumonia. Crit Care Med 2005; 33:1770-1778.
    • (2005) Crit Care Med , vol.33 , pp. 1770-1778
    • Van Westerloo, D.J.1    Knapp, S.2    Van't Veer, C.3
  • 12
    • 0005969026 scopus 로고
    • Problem of treatment of peptic aspiration pneumonia following obstetric anesthesia (Mendelson's syndrome)
    • Haussmann W, Lunt RL. Problem of treatment of peptic aspiration pneumonia following obstetric anesthesia (Mendelson's syndrome). J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw 1955; 62:509-512.
    • (1955) J Obstet Gynaecol Br Commonw , vol.62 , pp. 509-512
    • Haussmann, W.1    Lunt, R.L.2
  • 13
    • 0019313425 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of corticosteroid treatment in aspiration of gastric contents: A controlled clinical trial
    • Sukumaran M, Granada MJ, Berger HW, et al. Evaluation of corticosteroid treatment in aspiration of gastric contents: a controlled clinical trial. Mt Sinai J Med 1980; 47:335-340. (Pubitemid 10019727)
    • (1980) Mount Sinai Journal of Medicine , vol.47 , Issue.4 , pp. 335-340
    • Sukumaran, M.1    Granada, M.J.2    Berger, H.W.3
  • 14
    • 0017650557 scopus 로고
    • Effects of corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with gastric aspiration
    • Wolfe JE, Bone RC, Ruth WE. Effects of corticosteroids in the treatment of patients with gastric aspiration. Am J Med 1977; 63:719-722. (Pubitemid 8222937)
    • (1977) American Journal of Medicine , vol.63 , Issue.5 , pp. 719-722
    • Wolfe, J.E.1    Bone, R.C.2    Ruth, W.E.3
  • 15
    • 67650495796 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Use of corticosteroids in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    • Tang BM, Craig JC, Eslick GD, et al. Use of corticosteroids in acute lung injury and acute respiratory distress syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2009; 37:1595-1603.
    • (2009) Crit Care Med , vol.37 , pp. 1595-1603
    • Tang, B.M.1    Craig, J.C.2    Eslick, G.D.3
  • 16
    • 58249105731 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Critical illness related corticoseroid insufficiency
    • Marik PE. Critical illness related corticoseroid insufficiency. Chest 2009; 135:181-193.
    • (2009) Chest , vol.135 , pp. 181-193
    • Marik, P.E.1
  • 17
    • 0034888855 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Activation of alveolar macrophages in acid-injured lung in rats: Different effects of pentoxifylline on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide production
    • Kudoh I, Miyazaki H, Ohara M, et al. Activation of alveolar macrophages in acid-injured lung in rats: different effects of pentoxifylline on tumor necrosis factor-alpha and nitric oxide production. Crit Care Med 2001; 29:1621-1625. (Pubitemid 32762346)
    • (2001) Critical Care Medicine , vol.29 , Issue.8 , pp. 1621-1625
    • Kudoh, I.1    Miyazaki, H.2    Ohara, M.3    Fukushima, J.4    Tazawa, T.5    Yamada, H.6
  • 18
    • 33845344687 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complete reversal of acid-induced acute lung injury by blocking of platelet-neutrophil aggregation
    • DOI 10.1172/JCI29499
    • Zarbock A, Singbartl K, Ley K. Complete reversal of acid-induced acute lung injury by blocking of platelet-neutrophil aggregation. J Clin Invest 2006; 116:3211-3219. (Pubitemid 44878635)
    • (2006) Journal of Clinical Investigation , vol.116 , Issue.12 , pp. 3211-3219
    • Zarbock, A.1    Singbartl, K.2    Ley, K.3
  • 20
    • 23144463366 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor pretreatment on gas exchange after hydrochloric acid aspiration in rats
    • DOI 10.1007/s00540-005-0322-4
    • Terao Y, Nakamura T, Morooka H, et al. Effect of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor pretreatment on gas exchange after hydrochloric acid aspiration in rats. J Anesth 2005; 19:257-259. (Pubitemid 41086441)
    • (2005) Journal of Anesthesia , vol.19 , Issue.3 , pp. 257-259
    • Terao, Y.1    Nakamura, T.2    Morooka, H.3    Sumikawa, K.4
  • 21
    • 13644257784 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Early treatment with pentoxifylline reduces lung injury induced by acid aspiration in rats
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.127.2.613
    • Pawlik MT, Schreyer AG, Ittner KP, et al. Early treatment with pentoxifylline reduces lung injury induced by acid aspiration in rats. Chest 2005; 127:613-621. (Pubitemid 40229325)
    • (2005) Chest , vol.127 , Issue.2 , pp. 613-621
    • Pawlik, M.T.1    Schreyer, A.G.2    Ittner, K.P.3    Selig, C.4    Gruber, M.5    Feuerbach, S.6    Taeger, K.7
  • 22
    • 67650672132 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effects of fenoterol inhalation after acid aspiration-induced lung injury
    • Pawlik MT, Schubert T, Hopf S, et al. The effects of fenoterol inhalation after acid aspiration-induced lung injury. Anesth Analg 2009; 109:143-150.
    • (2009) Anesth Analg , vol.109 , pp. 143-150
    • Pawlik, M.T.1    Schubert, T.2    Hopf, S.3
  • 23
    • 33750065683 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A 70-year-old man with migratory pulmonary infiltrates
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.130.4.1269
    • Friedlander AL, Fessler MB. A 70-year-old man with migratory pulmonary infiltrates. Chest 2006; 130:1269-1274. (Pubitemid 44583764)
    • (2006) Chest , vol.130 , Issue.4 , pp. 1269-1274
    • Friedlander, A.L.1    Fessler, M.B.2
  • 25
    • 37549021487 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Clinical/pathologic correlations in 553 patients with primary centrilobular findings on high-resolution CT scan of the thorax
    • Okada F, Ando Y, Yoshitake S, et al. Clinical/pathologic correlations in 553 patients with primary centrilobular findings on high-resolution CT scan of the thorax. Chest 2007; 132:1939-1948.
    • (2007) Chest , vol.132 , pp. 1939-1948
    • Okada, F.1    Ando, Y.2    Yoshitake, S.3
  • 26
    • 0028239832 scopus 로고
    • Pilot study of 12-month outcomes of nursing home patients with aspiration on videofluoroscopy
    • DOI 10.1007/BF00341256
    • Croghan JE, Burke EM, Caplan S, et al. Pilot study of 12-month outcomes of nursing home patients with aspiration on videofluoroscopy. Dysphagia 1994; 9:141-146. (Pubitemid 24218294)
    • (1994) Dysphagia , vol.9 , Issue.3 , pp. 141-146
    • Croghan, J.E.1    Burke, E.M.2    Caplan, S.3    Denman, S.4
  • 27
    • 0028292710 scopus 로고
    • High incidence of silent aspiration in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia
    • Kikuchi R, Watabe N, Konno T, et al. High incidence of silent aspiration in elderly patients with community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 1994; 150:251-253.
    • (1994) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.150 , pp. 251-253
    • Kikuchi, R.1    Watabe, N.2    Konno, T.3
  • 28
    • 0026378758 scopus 로고
    • Severe community-acquired pneumonia epidemiology and prognostic factors
    • Torres A, Serra-Batlles J, Ferrer A, et al. Severe community-acquired pneumonia epidemiology and prognostic factors. Am Rev Respir Dis 1991; 144:312-318.
    • (1991) Am Rev Respir Dis , vol.144 , pp. 312-318
    • Torres, A.1    Serra-Batlles, J.2    Ferrer, A.3
  • 31
    • 0028329032 scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for pneumonia in the elderly
    • DOI 10.1016/0002-9343(94)90060-4
    • Koivula I, Stenn M, Makela PH. Risk factors for pneumonia in the elderly. Am J Med 1994; 96:313-320. (Pubitemid 24127266)
    • (1994) American Journal of Medicine , vol.96 , Issue.4 , pp. 313-320
    • Koivula, I.1    Sten, M.2    Makela, P.H.3
  • 32
    • 0033610241 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk factors for pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections in elderly residents of long-term care facilities
    • DOI 10.1001/archinte.159.17.2058
    • Loeb M, McGreer A, McArthur M, et al. Risk factors for pneumonia and other lower respiratory tract infections in elderly residents of long-term care facilities. Arch Intern Med 1999; 159:2058-2064. (Pubitemid 29453594)
    • (1999) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.159 , Issue.17 , pp. 2058-2064
    • Loeb, M.1    McGeer, A.2    McArthur, M.3    Walter, S.4    Simor, A.E.5
  • 35
    • 0033969994 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Relation between incidence of pneumonia and protective reflexes in post- stroke patients with oral or tube feeding
    • DOI 10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00565.x
    • Nakajoh K, Nakagawa T, Sekizawa K, et al. Relation between incidence of pneumonia and protective reflexes in poststroke patients with oral or tube feeding. J Intern Med 2000; 247:39-42. (Pubitemid 30073162)
    • (2000) Journal of Internal Medicine , vol.247 , Issue.1 , pp. 39-42
    • Nakajoh, K.1    Nakagawa, T.2    Sekizawa, K.3    Matsui, T.4    Arai, H.5    Sasaki, H.6
  • 36
    • 0027193346 scopus 로고
    • Risk of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly
    • Nakazawa H, Sekizawa K, Ujiie Y, et al. Risk of aspiration pneumonia in the elderly. Chest 1993; 103:1636-1637.
    • (1993) Chest , vol.103 , pp. 1636-1637
    • Nakazawa, H.1    Sekizawa, K.2    Ujiie, Y.3
  • 37
    • 0027932926 scopus 로고
    • Aspiration and relative risk of medical complications following stroke
    • Holas MA, DePippo KL, Reding MJ. Aspiration and relative risk of medical complications following stroke. Arch Neurol 1994; 51:1051-1053. (Pubitemid 24307289)
    • (1994) Archives of Neurology , vol.51 , Issue.10 , pp. 1051-1053
    • Holas, M.A.1    DePippo, K.L.2    Reding, M.J.3
  • 38
    • 0029933102 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Complications and outcome after acute stroke. Does dysphagia matter?
    • Smithard DG, O'Neill PA, Parks C, et al. Complications and outcome after acute stroke. Does dysphagia matter? Stroke 1996; 27:1200-1204.
    • (1996) Stroke , vol.27 , pp. 1200-1204
    • Smithard, D.G.1    O'Neill, P.A.2    Parks, C.3
  • 39
    • 12944261985 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research Guidelines [accessed 9 January 2010]
    • Poststroke rehabilitation clinical guidelines. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/bookshelf/br.fcgi?book=hsarchive&part=A27305; 1996. Agency for Healthcare Policy and Research Guidelines [accessed 9 January 2010].
    • (1996) Poststroke Rehabilitation Clinical Guidelines
  • 41
    • 0032921979 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Swallowing function after stroke: Prognosis and prognostic factors at 6 months
    • Mann G, Hankey GJ, Cameron D. Swallowing function after stroke: prognosis and prognostic factors at 6 months. Stroke 1999; 30:744-748. (Pubitemid 29156361)
    • (1999) Stroke , vol.30 , Issue.4 , pp. 744-748
    • Mann, G.1    Hankey, G.J.2    Cameron, D.3
  • 42
    • 8744293818 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Colonization of dental plaques: A reservoir of respiratory pathogens for hospital-acquired pneumonia in institutionalized elders
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.126.5.1575
    • El-Solh AA, Pietrantoni C, Bhat A, et al. Colonization of dental plaques: a reservoir of respiratory pathogens for hospital-acquired pneumonia in institutionalized elders. Chest 2004; 126:1575-1582. (Pubitemid 39525034)
    • (2004) Chest , vol.126 , Issue.5 , pp. 1575-1582
    • El-Solh, A.A.1    Pietrantoni, C.2    Bhat, A.3    Okada, M.4    Zambon, J.5    Aquilina, A.6    Berbary, E.7
  • 45
    • 13644269309 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia
    • Guidelines for the management of adults with hospital-acquired, ventilator-associated, and healthcare-associated pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2005; 171:388-416.
    • (2005) Am J Respir Crit Care Med , vol.171 , pp. 388-416
  • 46
    • 0027199545 scopus 로고
    • Is penicillin G an adequate initial treatment for aspiration pneumonia? A prospective evaluation using a protected specimen brush and quantitative cultures
    • Mier L, Dreyfuss D, Darchy B, et al. Is penicillin G an adequate initial treatment for aspiration pneumonia? A prospective evaluation using a protected specimen brush and quantitative cultures. Intensive Care Med 1993; 19:279-284. (Pubitemid 23266000)
    • (1993) Intensive Care Medicine , vol.19 , Issue.5 , pp. 279-284
    • Mier, L.1    Dreyfuss, D.2    Darchy, B.3    Lanore, J.J.4    Djedaini, K.5    Weber, P.6    Brun, P.7    Coste, F.8
  • 47
    • 0032906929 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The role of anaerobes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia: A prospective study
    • DOI 10.1378/chest.115.1.178
    • Marik PE, Careau P. The role of anaerobes in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia. A prospective study. Chest 1999; 115:178-183. (Pubitemid 29047072)
    • (1999) Chest , vol.115 , Issue.1 , pp. 178-183
    • Marik, P.E.1    Carcan, P.2
  • 49
    • 0043119302 scopus 로고
    • Fusospirochetal disease of the lungs produced with cultures from Vincent's angina
    • Smith DT. Fusospirochetal disease of the lungs produced with cultures from Vincent's angina. J Infect Dis 1930; 46:303-310.
    • (1930) J Infect Dis , vol.46 , pp. 303-310
    • Smith, D.T.1
  • 52
    • 40949129207 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of Nasogastric Tubes on Incidence of Aspiration
    • DOI 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.09.038, PII S000399930701845X
    • Leder SB, Suiter DM. Effect of nasogastric tubes on incidence of aspiration. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2008; 89:648-651. (Pubitemid 351406316)
    • (2008) Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation , vol.89 , Issue.4 , pp. 648-651
    • Leder, S.B.1    Suiter, D.M.2
  • 53
    • 14644394273 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): A multicentre randomised controlled trial
    • Dennis MS, Lewis SC, Warlow C. Effect of timing and method of enteral tube feeding for dysphagic stroke patients (FOOD): a multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 365:764-772.
    • (2005) Lancet , vol.365 , pp. 764-772
    • Dennis, M.S.1    Lewis, S.C.2    Warlow, C.3
  • 54
    • 0033594759 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral health of elderly occupants in residential homes
    • DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(99)01343-4
    • Simons D, Kidd EAM, Beighton D. Oral health of elderly occupants in residential homes. Lancet 1999; 353:1761. (Pubitemid 29240377)
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.353 , Issue.9166 , pp. 1761
    • Simons, D.1    Kidd, E.A.M.2    Beighton, D.3
  • 55
    • 0033533153 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Oral care and pneumonia
    • letter
    • Yoneyama T, Yoshida M, Matsui T, et al. Oral care and pneumonia [letter]. Lancet 1999; 354:515.
    • (1999) Lancet , vol.354 , pp. 515
    • Yoneyama, T.1    Yoshida, M.2    Matsui, T.3
  • 56
    • 51249121341 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Modification of the risk of mortality from pneumonia with oral hygiene care
    • Bassim CW, Gibson G, Ward T, et al. Modification of the risk of mortality from pneumonia with oral hygiene care. J Am Geriatr Soc 2008; 56:1601-1607.
    • (2008) J Am Geriatr Soc , vol.56 , pp. 1601-1607
    • Bassim, C.W.1    Gibson, G.2    Ward, T.3
  • 57
    • 45849102062 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Professional oral healthcare reduces the number of oropharyngeal bacteria
    • Ishikawa A, Yoneyama T, Hirota K, et al. Professional oral healthcare reduces the number of oropharyngeal bacteria. J Dental Res 2008; 87:594-598.
    • (2008) J Dental Res , vol.87 , pp. 594-598
    • Ishikawa, A.1    Yoneyama, T.2    Hirota, K.3
  • 59
    • 0038209793 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Effects of tongue and oral mucosa cleaning on oral Candida species and production of volatile sulfur compounds in the elderly in a nursing home
    • Yonezawa H, Takasaki K, Teraoka K, et al. Effects of tongue and oral mucosa cleaning on oral Candida species and production of volatile sulfur compounds in the elderly in a nursing home. J Med Dent Sci 2003; 50:1-8. (Pubitemid 41124449)
    • (2003) Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences , vol.50 , Issue.1 , pp. 1-8
    • Yonezawa, H.1    Takasaki, K.2    Teraoka, K.3    Asaka, T.4    Sato, C.5    Tsuchiya, K.6
  • 60
    • 47549112846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tongue-coating as risk indicator for aspiration pneumonia in edentate elderly
    • DOI 10.1016/j.archger.2007.08.005, PII S0167494307001811
    • Abe S, Ishihara K, Adachi M, et al. Tongue-coating as risk indicator for aspiration pneumonia in edentate elderly. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2008; 47:267-275. (Pubitemid 352010391)
    • (2008) Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics , vol.47 , Issue.2 , pp. 267-275
    • Abe, S.1    Ishihara, K.2    Adachi, M.3    Okuda, K.4
  • 61
    • 0032512321 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • ACE inhibitors and pneumonia in elderly people [6]
    • Arai T, Yasuda Y, Toshima S, et al. ACE inhibitors and pneumonia in elderly people. Lancet 1998; 352:1937-1938. (Pubitemid 28561271)
    • (1998) Lancet , vol.352 , Issue.9144 , pp. 1937-1938
    • Arai, T.1    Yasuda, Y.2    Toshima, S.3    Yoshimi, N.4    Kashiki, Y.5
  • 64
    • 59049087675 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Association of hydrophilic versus lipophilic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use on pneumonia-related mortality
    • Mortensen EM, Restrepo MI, Copeland LA, et al. Association of hydrophilic versus lipophilic angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use on pneumonia-related mortality. Am J Med Sci 2008; 336:462-466.
    • (2008) Am J Med Sci , vol.336 , pp. 462-466
    • Mortensen, E.M.1    Restrepo, M.I.2    Copeland, L.A.3
  • 65
    • 65449189768 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Risk of community-acquired pneumonia and the use of statins, ace inhibitors and gastric acid suppressants: A population-based case-control study
    • Myles PR, Hubbard RB, McKeever TM, et al. Risk of community-acquired pneumonia and the use of statins, ace inhibitors and gastric acid suppressants: a population-based case-control study. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety 2009; 18:269-275.
    • (2009) Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Safety , vol.18 , pp. 269-275
    • Myles, P.R.1    Hubbard, R.B.2    McKeever, T.M.3
  • 66
    • 0035934975 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Pneumonia in long-term care: A prospective case-control study of risk factors and impact on survival
    • Vergis EN, Brennen C, Wagener M, et al. Pneumonia in long-term care: a prospective case-control study of risk factors and impact on survival. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:2378-2381. (Pubitemid 32980137)
    • (2001) Archives of Internal Medicine , vol.161 , Issue.19 , pp. 2378-2381
    • Vergis, E.N.1    Brennen, C.2    Wagener, M.3    Muder, R.R.4
  • 67
    • 0027315393 scopus 로고
    • Drug-induced dysphagia
    • Stoschus B, Allescher HB. Drug-induced dysphagia. Dysphagia 1993; 8:154-159. (Pubitemid 23144079)
    • (1993) Dysphagia , vol.8 , Issue.2 , pp. 154-159
    • Stoschus, B.1    Allescher, H.-D.2
  • 68
    • 0030767365 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Neuroleptic-induced dysphagia
    • DOI 10.1007/PL00009533
    • Sokoloff LG, Pavlakovic R. Neuroleptic-induced dysphagia. Dysphagia 1997; 12:177-179. (Pubitemid 27434433)
    • (1997) Dysphagia , vol.12 , Issue.4 , pp. 177-179
    • Sokoloff, L.G.1    Pavlakovic, R.2
  • 69
    • 0026300357 scopus 로고
    • Masticatory ability in experimentally induced xerostomia
    • Liedenberg B, Owall B. Masticatory ability in experimentally induced xerostomia. Dysphagia 1991; 6:211-213.
    • (1991) Dysphagia , vol.6 , pp. 211-213
    • Liedenberg, B.1    Owall, B.2


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.